Angela Carter is an English novelist and journalist in 20th century known for her feminist, magical realism and Gothic works, which can be classified into many groups such as short fictions, poetry collections, dramat...Angela Carter is an English novelist and journalist in 20th century known for her feminist, magical realism and Gothic works, which can be classified into many groups such as short fictions, poetry collections, dramatic writings, films adaptations and radio plays etc. To a certain degree, she is a"feminist exotic". Carter takes a very problematic place about pornography literature, which has been the long-standing debate among critics. As a result, some of her books are prohibited by the corresponding authority in China. However, Carter is one of the innovative feminist writers in that she quests for some extraordinary emancipatory erotics, beyond subjugation, beyond prejudice. Women under her writings are mostly controlled or manipulated by a patriarchal society in a phallocentric culture. Pornography, fairy tales and feminism"within and against the conventions of these genres"are all mixed together in the story of the Bloody Chamber. As a whole, The Bloody Chamber can also be treated as a collection of short stories in terms of a bigger narrative that deals with issues of feminism and metamorphosis rather than a set of individual and independent tales. Although each particular narrative deals with a different set of various characters, the oppressed female seeking liberation is the common theme and concept that is explored and expanded throughout the Bloody Chamber.展开更多
The Bloody Chamber is the most famous and critical masterpiece by Angela Cater. According to the writer Marina War-ner,"it's about desire and its destruction, the self-immolation of women, how women collude a...The Bloody Chamber is the most famous and critical masterpiece by Angela Cater. According to the writer Marina War-ner,"it's about desire and its destruction, the self-immolation of women, how women collude and connive with their condition of enslavement."Feminism in Angela Cater's view may seem extremely radical at first glance, especially in such an unorthodox Gothic tale filled with blood, murders and sexuality. However, beneath the surface conceal rational reflections on the irrational"fe-male mythology, which is the result ofa long-term ideological indoctrination in the patriarchal society. Many women try to find their identity in this patriarchy centered social norms and regard men's affirmation as the source of happiness. They have built their self-awareness unconsciously catering to males'needs.This article is going to demonstrate another pattern of women's self-aware-ness establishment process in Angela Cater 's conception, via analyzing the functions of a kind of specific symbols in the story—mirrors, which reflect the expected female images through different perspectives.展开更多
AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gat...AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gate of the city. Pale with fear, Father looked at our family, my grandparents, my mother, my four sisters, 15, 12, 4 and a baby and me, 9. We shared the courtyard with our neighbor Uncle Ha and his展开更多
BACKGROUND Hematidrosis is a sporadic disease,to a point where its existence is still denied up to date.It is also linked to stigmata,psychological roots,and religious beliefs,whih has strengthened clinicians'disb...BACKGROUND Hematidrosis is a sporadic disease,to a point where its existence is still denied up to date.It is also linked to stigmata,psychological roots,and religious beliefs,whih has strengthened clinicians'disbelief in hematidrosis.AIM To conduct a thorough review to classify the likelihood of hematidrosis cases.METHODS We searched PubMed,Science Direct,Medline,and Google Scholar,as well as four different preprint databases,including Medrxiv,Research Square,SSRN,and Biorxiv.We included studies from 1996 onwards,with no limitation on language.Hematidrosis was classified as"unlikely","likely",and"highly likely".RESULTS There are 74 articles with 106 hematidrosis cases.India(n=40)and China(n=11)report the most cases.Patients are mostly female(76.5%)with a median age of 13 years.The head region is the most common bleeding site(n=168/254).Headaches(26.9%)and abdominal pain(16.4%)are the most common prodromes.Beta-blockers(43%)and anxiolytic(23.2%)are the most commonly prescribed pharmacotherapy.Psychotherapy(37.5%)and counseling(32.5%)are the most utilized non-pharmacotherapy measures.Only 41.1%and 19.8%of all cases reach complete resolution and are highly likely to be hematidrosis,respectively.CONCLUSION Although hematidrosis is rare and the pathophysiology is still largely unknown,that does not mean hematidrosis does not exist.It is important to note that the most frequent trigger factors are either anxiety,fear,or excessive stress.Clinicians need to exclude other diagnoses and search for stressors to alleviate the bleeding.展开更多
It is reported that a pancreatic disease may precede the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) both in children and in adults.Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis,however,occasionally co-exists with the IBD,mainly a...It is reported that a pancreatic disease may precede the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) both in children and in adults.Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis,however,occasionally co-exists with the IBD,mainly at pediatric age.We report a case of a patient who progressively developed the features of a chronic pancreatitis,before the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease(CD).Ten months after the onset of the first episode of pancreatitis the patient developed bloody diarrhea,mucus stools and biochemical findings of inflammation.The colonoscopy revealed a diffuse colitis without involvement of the last loop and the gastroscopy showed inflammation of the iuxta-papillary area.The histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of CD that involved the colon and the duodenum.In conclusion,in children the idiopathic chronic pancreatitis may be an unusual presentation of CD.Thus,if other known cause of chronic pancreatitis are not found,a not invasive work up to exclude the IBD should be warranted.An early coincidental diagnosis of the IBD may delay the progression of the pancreatic disease.展开更多
Background: Assessment of the safety profile of the new rotavirus vaccines in Africa requires base-line epidemiological data on intussusception. Hence, this study was aimed at describing the prevalence and associated ...Background: Assessment of the safety profile of the new rotavirus vaccines in Africa requires base-line epidemiological data on intussusception. Hence, this study was aimed at describing the prevalence and associated factors of intussusception in under-five children in Enugu, Southeast, Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study involving the sixty reported cases of intussusception in under-five children admitted in a hospital in Enugu between 2007 and 2012. Cases of intussusception were selected using the Brighton collaboration intussusception working group level I diagnostic criteria. Information sought from the patients’ folders included demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations including history of previous rotavirus vaccination, duration of illness prior to presentation, diarrhoea, vomiting, passage of red currant jelly-like stool, abdominal mass and distension, method of diagnosis, treatment option(s) employed and their outcomes. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: The majority of the cases were aged less than one year (53;88.3%) while the average incidence of intussusception was 0.1 per 1000. None of the cases had received rotavirus vaccinations. The common clinical presentations were vomiting, 55 (17.2%), passage of red currant stool 50 (15.6%), fever 50 (15.6%) and abnormal/absent bowel sound 43 (15.9%). Diagnosis was essentially with the aid of abdominal ultrasonography, 38 (63.3%) while surgery (laparotomy) was the treatment of choice in most cases 48 (80.0%). The case fatality rate was 3 (5.0%). Conclusion: None of the cases studied could be directly linked to rotavirus vaccinations. But seasonal peak incidence coincided with rotavirus diarrhea peak incidence. Efforts should be made to institute post-rotavirus vaccine licensure prospective surveillance study in order to fully determine any relationship between rotavirus vaccination and intussusception in Enugu, South east, Nigeria.展开更多
Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also ...Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also cause bilateral bloody discharge in lactating mothers [2].展开更多
The original online version of this article (Tagbo, B. N., et al. 2014 “Retrospective Evaluation of Intussusception in Under-Five Children in Nigeria”, 2014, 4, 123-132, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjv.2014.43015) was...The original online version of this article (Tagbo, B. N., et al. 2014 “Retrospective Evaluation of Intussusception in Under-Five Children in Nigeria”, 2014, 4, 123-132, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjv.2014.43015) was published in August 2014. The author wishes to correct the author’s name and the Table 3 in the text.展开更多
As one of the four great tragedies of Shakespeare, Macbeth is known for its complexity, not in plot, but in the reversals of the characters'fortune and mentality. This paper analyses how the blood signs, especiall...As one of the four great tragedies of Shakespeare, Macbeth is known for its complexity, not in plot, but in the reversals of the characters'fortune and mentality. This paper analyses how the blood signs, especially"bloody hands", signify the reversal of the character of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as well as appealing the readers'emotion of fear and pity, thus enhancing the tragic effects of the play.展开更多
文摘Angela Carter is an English novelist and journalist in 20th century known for her feminist, magical realism and Gothic works, which can be classified into many groups such as short fictions, poetry collections, dramatic writings, films adaptations and radio plays etc. To a certain degree, she is a"feminist exotic". Carter takes a very problematic place about pornography literature, which has been the long-standing debate among critics. As a result, some of her books are prohibited by the corresponding authority in China. However, Carter is one of the innovative feminist writers in that she quests for some extraordinary emancipatory erotics, beyond subjugation, beyond prejudice. Women under her writings are mostly controlled or manipulated by a patriarchal society in a phallocentric culture. Pornography, fairy tales and feminism"within and against the conventions of these genres"are all mixed together in the story of the Bloody Chamber. As a whole, The Bloody Chamber can also be treated as a collection of short stories in terms of a bigger narrative that deals with issues of feminism and metamorphosis rather than a set of individual and independent tales. Although each particular narrative deals with a different set of various characters, the oppressed female seeking liberation is the common theme and concept that is explored and expanded throughout the Bloody Chamber.
文摘The Bloody Chamber is the most famous and critical masterpiece by Angela Cater. According to the writer Marina War-ner,"it's about desire and its destruction, the self-immolation of women, how women collude and connive with their condition of enslavement."Feminism in Angela Cater's view may seem extremely radical at first glance, especially in such an unorthodox Gothic tale filled with blood, murders and sexuality. However, beneath the surface conceal rational reflections on the irrational"fe-male mythology, which is the result ofa long-term ideological indoctrination in the patriarchal society. Many women try to find their identity in this patriarchy centered social norms and regard men's affirmation as the source of happiness. They have built their self-awareness unconsciously catering to males'needs.This article is going to demonstrate another pattern of women's self-aware-ness establishment process in Angela Cater 's conception, via analyzing the functions of a kind of specific symbols in the story—mirrors, which reflect the expected female images through different perspectives.
文摘AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gate of the city. Pale with fear, Father looked at our family, my grandparents, my mother, my four sisters, 15, 12, 4 and a baby and me, 9. We shared the courtyard with our neighbor Uncle Ha and his
文摘BACKGROUND Hematidrosis is a sporadic disease,to a point where its existence is still denied up to date.It is also linked to stigmata,psychological roots,and religious beliefs,whih has strengthened clinicians'disbelief in hematidrosis.AIM To conduct a thorough review to classify the likelihood of hematidrosis cases.METHODS We searched PubMed,Science Direct,Medline,and Google Scholar,as well as four different preprint databases,including Medrxiv,Research Square,SSRN,and Biorxiv.We included studies from 1996 onwards,with no limitation on language.Hematidrosis was classified as"unlikely","likely",and"highly likely".RESULTS There are 74 articles with 106 hematidrosis cases.India(n=40)and China(n=11)report the most cases.Patients are mostly female(76.5%)with a median age of 13 years.The head region is the most common bleeding site(n=168/254).Headaches(26.9%)and abdominal pain(16.4%)are the most common prodromes.Beta-blockers(43%)and anxiolytic(23.2%)are the most commonly prescribed pharmacotherapy.Psychotherapy(37.5%)and counseling(32.5%)are the most utilized non-pharmacotherapy measures.Only 41.1%and 19.8%of all cases reach complete resolution and are highly likely to be hematidrosis,respectively.CONCLUSION Although hematidrosis is rare and the pathophysiology is still largely unknown,that does not mean hematidrosis does not exist.It is important to note that the most frequent trigger factors are either anxiety,fear,or excessive stress.Clinicians need to exclude other diagnoses and search for stressors to alleviate the bleeding.
文摘It is reported that a pancreatic disease may precede the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) both in children and in adults.Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis,however,occasionally co-exists with the IBD,mainly at pediatric age.We report a case of a patient who progressively developed the features of a chronic pancreatitis,before the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease(CD).Ten months after the onset of the first episode of pancreatitis the patient developed bloody diarrhea,mucus stools and biochemical findings of inflammation.The colonoscopy revealed a diffuse colitis without involvement of the last loop and the gastroscopy showed inflammation of the iuxta-papillary area.The histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of CD that involved the colon and the duodenum.In conclusion,in children the idiopathic chronic pancreatitis may be an unusual presentation of CD.Thus,if other known cause of chronic pancreatitis are not found,a not invasive work up to exclude the IBD should be warranted.An early coincidental diagnosis of the IBD may delay the progression of the pancreatic disease.
文摘Background: Assessment of the safety profile of the new rotavirus vaccines in Africa requires base-line epidemiological data on intussusception. Hence, this study was aimed at describing the prevalence and associated factors of intussusception in under-five children in Enugu, Southeast, Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study involving the sixty reported cases of intussusception in under-five children admitted in a hospital in Enugu between 2007 and 2012. Cases of intussusception were selected using the Brighton collaboration intussusception working group level I diagnostic criteria. Information sought from the patients’ folders included demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations including history of previous rotavirus vaccination, duration of illness prior to presentation, diarrhoea, vomiting, passage of red currant jelly-like stool, abdominal mass and distension, method of diagnosis, treatment option(s) employed and their outcomes. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: The majority of the cases were aged less than one year (53;88.3%) while the average incidence of intussusception was 0.1 per 1000. None of the cases had received rotavirus vaccinations. The common clinical presentations were vomiting, 55 (17.2%), passage of red currant stool 50 (15.6%), fever 50 (15.6%) and abnormal/absent bowel sound 43 (15.9%). Diagnosis was essentially with the aid of abdominal ultrasonography, 38 (63.3%) while surgery (laparotomy) was the treatment of choice in most cases 48 (80.0%). The case fatality rate was 3 (5.0%). Conclusion: None of the cases studied could be directly linked to rotavirus vaccinations. But seasonal peak incidence coincided with rotavirus diarrhea peak incidence. Efforts should be made to institute post-rotavirus vaccine licensure prospective surveillance study in order to fully determine any relationship between rotavirus vaccination and intussusception in Enugu, South east, Nigeria.
文摘Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also cause bilateral bloody discharge in lactating mothers [2].
文摘The original online version of this article (Tagbo, B. N., et al. 2014 “Retrospective Evaluation of Intussusception in Under-Five Children in Nigeria”, 2014, 4, 123-132, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjv.2014.43015) was published in August 2014. The author wishes to correct the author’s name and the Table 3 in the text.
文摘As one of the four great tragedies of Shakespeare, Macbeth is known for its complexity, not in plot, but in the reversals of the characters'fortune and mentality. This paper analyses how the blood signs, especially"bloody hands", signify the reversal of the character of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as well as appealing the readers'emotion of fear and pity, thus enhancing the tragic effects of the play.
