The aim was to compare radiographic X-ray data to foreleg bending, moving difficulties and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experimental groups were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (R 1);2) restricted feedin...The aim was to compare radiographic X-ray data to foreleg bending, moving difficulties and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experimental groups were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (R 1);2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (R 2);3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (R 3);4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (AL 1);5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (AL 2);6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (AL 3). Moving difficulties and foreleg bending were evaluated in live animals. At pelting, left foreleg was removed. X-ray pictures were taken from lateral views. Dimensions of ulna and radius were measured from the X-ray pictures. Conditions of carpal joint and elbow joint were visually evaluated. The results showed that final body weight was affected by feeding intensity (P = 0.001). Ad libitum fed animals had more moving difficulties compared to restricted ones (P = 0.001). The Ca:P ratio tended (P = 0.06) to have an effect on feet bending. Bending was greatest in low Ca:P ratio (1.5:1) and, correspondingly, least in high Ca:P ratio (2.9:1). Moving difficulties were most common in heaviest animals. The moving difficulties tended (P = 0.07) to be positively related to feet bending. Maximum width of ulna was lowest in low Ca:P ratio diet (1.5:1). Bending was negatively correlated with maximum width of ulna. It can be concluded that low Ca:P ratio in the diet (1.5:1) increases foreleg bending in juveniles. Moving difficulties are related to foreleg bending and high body weight.展开更多
Immunohistochemical techniques incorporating the streptavidin peroxidase method were used to study the morphological structure and the distribution density of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),Somatostatin(SS),Gastrin(Gas),Gl...Immunohistochemical techniques incorporating the streptavidin peroxidase method were used to study the morphological structure and the distribution density of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),Somatostatin(SS),Gastrin(Gas),Glucagon(Glu),Pancreatic Polypeptide(PP) and Substance P(SP) in the digestive tract of the Arctic fox(Alopex lagopus).The results indicated that the shape of endocrine cells in the digestive tract were of many forms: round,ellipse or spindle shape.The endocrine cells were mainly located between the epithelia of the gastric gland,intestine and intestinal gland.The distributive density of 5-HT immunoreactive cells were the maximum in the colon,medium in the rectum and jejunum,and the least in the fundus,duodenum,ileum,and pylorus.They were not found in the esophagus,cardia or cecum.SS positive cells were located in the pylorus mostly,but were not detected in the esophagus,cardia and cecum.Gas positive cells were the most in the duodenum,while they were not found in the esophagus,cardia,colon,rectum and cecum.Glu positive cells were distributed in the pylorus,fundus and jejunum,but were not found in other parts of digestive tract.PP positive cells were the most in the jejunum,the second-most in frequency in the colon and rectum,while they were not found in the other parts.SP positive cells were mainly distributed in the pylorus,while fewer were found in the colon,and they were not found in other parts.The location of 5-HT positive cells were mostly distributed in the colon.SS,Gas,Glu and SP positive cells were mostly distributed in the pylorus,and PP positive cells were mostly distributed in the jejunum.展开更多
文摘The aim was to compare radiographic X-ray data to foreleg bending, moving difficulties and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experimental groups were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (R 1);2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (R 2);3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (R 3);4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (AL 1);5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (AL 2);6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (AL 3). Moving difficulties and foreleg bending were evaluated in live animals. At pelting, left foreleg was removed. X-ray pictures were taken from lateral views. Dimensions of ulna and radius were measured from the X-ray pictures. Conditions of carpal joint and elbow joint were visually evaluated. The results showed that final body weight was affected by feeding intensity (P = 0.001). Ad libitum fed animals had more moving difficulties compared to restricted ones (P = 0.001). The Ca:P ratio tended (P = 0.06) to have an effect on feet bending. Bending was greatest in low Ca:P ratio (1.5:1) and, correspondingly, least in high Ca:P ratio (2.9:1). Moving difficulties were most common in heaviest animals. The moving difficulties tended (P = 0.07) to be positively related to feet bending. Maximum width of ulna was lowest in low Ca:P ratio diet (1.5:1). Bending was negatively correlated with maximum width of ulna. It can be concluded that low Ca:P ratio in the diet (1.5:1) increases foreleg bending in juveniles. Moving difficulties are related to foreleg bending and high body weight.
文摘Immunohistochemical techniques incorporating the streptavidin peroxidase method were used to study the morphological structure and the distribution density of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),Somatostatin(SS),Gastrin(Gas),Glucagon(Glu),Pancreatic Polypeptide(PP) and Substance P(SP) in the digestive tract of the Arctic fox(Alopex lagopus).The results indicated that the shape of endocrine cells in the digestive tract were of many forms: round,ellipse or spindle shape.The endocrine cells were mainly located between the epithelia of the gastric gland,intestine and intestinal gland.The distributive density of 5-HT immunoreactive cells were the maximum in the colon,medium in the rectum and jejunum,and the least in the fundus,duodenum,ileum,and pylorus.They were not found in the esophagus,cardia or cecum.SS positive cells were located in the pylorus mostly,but were not detected in the esophagus,cardia and cecum.Gas positive cells were the most in the duodenum,while they were not found in the esophagus,cardia,colon,rectum and cecum.Glu positive cells were distributed in the pylorus,fundus and jejunum,but were not found in other parts of digestive tract.PP positive cells were the most in the jejunum,the second-most in frequency in the colon and rectum,while they were not found in the other parts.SP positive cells were mainly distributed in the pylorus,while fewer were found in the colon,and they were not found in other parts.The location of 5-HT positive cells were mostly distributed in the colon.SS,Gas,Glu and SP positive cells were mostly distributed in the pylorus,and PP positive cells were mostly distributed in the jejunum.
