The Link between Psychomotor Disorders and Physical Therapy

The evolution of the individual in ontogenesis has been studied throughout life and on all sides of development. Studies in the field based on medical rehability performed by a full team such as doctors, physiotherapists and psychologists and not only have shown that the link between the patient’s psychological state and exercise are factors in full dependence and any imbalance can trigger irreparable effects. Psychology is the science that studies the laws of formation, development, functioning and deficiencies related to psychism;it includes a series of fundamental concepts that include: psychic processes, psychic phenomena, psychic attributes, psychic states or psychic activities. Psychic phenomena are the component elements of psychism. In a sense, the psychic phenomena are manifested by external facts, by our behavior, by the motor actions started, by gestures or verbal actions;in the other sense, psychic phenomena are manifested by inner deeds, as the form of ideas, images, feelings, and desires. The motor acts without psychism would be only simple automatisms, without human specifications of adaptation, while the psychism without motor acts would be deprived of the fundamentals of formation and functioning as well as of its production mechanisms. Objective: The objective of this study is to highlight the causal problems of delayed medical recovery in relation to the psychological and emotional factors. This desktop review aims to identify psychoemotional disorders in the case of subjects with operated lumbar disc herniation and aims to adapt a specialized physiotherapeutic protocol by adapting to CIF. The result of this study will be found in the percentage of socio-professional reintegration of the subjects with operated lumbar disc herniation and implicitly the increase in the quality of life. Conclusions: 1) For an effective functional recovery, a psycho-emotional balance is needed;2) A positive attitude actively influences medical rehabilitation;3) Regaining physical, cognitive and social activities depend on the degree of psycho-emotional impairment. .

Factors Associated with Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Academia (Benin, 2021)

Introduction: Body Dysmorphia Disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder characterized by an obsessive focus on a perceived defect in appearance. This disorder can be dangerous or life-threatening. Hence, there is the need for special attention. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Body Dysmorphia Disorder (BDD) and to identify the factors associated with it. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study that took place from December 2020 to October 2021, with a census of all medical students enrolled at the University of Parakou for the 2020-2021 academic year and who volunteered to participate. DSM 5 diagnostic criteria were used to assess BDD, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS) was used to assess its severity. Results: A total of 669 people were included in the study. The prevalence of probable cases of BDD was 10.31%. Gender (female) (OR = 2.49;IC 95%: [1.45 - 4.26];p < 0.001), trauma with cosmetic sequelae (OR = 2.95;IC 95%: [1.27 - 6.91];p = 0.012), depressive disorders (OR = 2.4;IC 95%: [1.12 - 5.15];p = 0.025), mockery/teasing or negative comments about physique (OR = 3.54;IC 95%: [2.06 - 6.12];p < 0.001), a succession of sentimental disappointments (OR = 2.89;IC 95%: [1.33 - 6.30];p = 0.008), and the importance attached to physical appearance (OR = 0.5;IC 95%: [0.31 - 0.82];p = 0.005) are associated with BDD. Its consequences are serious, with an altered quality of life that can lead to dropping out of school and suicidal ideation or behavior. Conclusion: Although little studied and little diagnosed, Body Dysmorphia Disorder (BDD) is a reality in the student environment of northern Benin. Further studies are needed to more define BDD in the Beninese socio-cultural context.

Critical Analysis of Children’s Drawings as a Diagnostic Tool for Body Schema and Body Image Disorder in Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a multiple disability manifested by motor deficits and impairments of cognition, language, and body perception. To assess if body schema and body image distortion in children and youth with cerebral palsy can be represented through draw-a-person-test, outcome measure of conscious and subconscious body awareness, visual perception and cognition in two age-matched groups, one with cerebral palsy and other with developmental disability, were collected. The outcome was compared within the two groups and with reference data (healthy population) and correlated with the outcome of draw-a-person test. Decreased scores in the draw-a-person test in subjects with cerebral palsy compared both to subjects with developmental disorders and to healthy population had strongly correlated with decreased scores in visual perception. This suggests that draw-a-person test may provide a preliminary guidance for the assessment of visual perception. No statistically significant effect of cognitive abilities on performance in the draw-a-person test was found. The influence of both conscious and subconscious body awareness on the scores in the draw-a-person test was not significant, which confirms that this test alone is not fully reliable to detect the body schema and body image disorder in cerebral palsy.

Self-strangulation induced penile partial amputation:A case report

BACKGROUND Traumatic amputation of the penis is a rare surgical emergency,usually caused by self-mutilation,accidents,circumcision,assault and animal attacks.This study aimed to summarize our treatment experience involving penile reconstruction in a rare case of a self-strangulation induced chronical penile partial amputation.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old man presented with self-strangulation induced chronical penile partial amputation for 3 mo where the penile proximal part was 1 cm far from the pubis.Reconstruction methods included end-to-end anastomosis of the urethral mucosa,proximal anastomosis of the corpus cavernosum and tunica albuginea of the penis,anastomosis of the deep dorsal vein,dorsal artery,and superficial dorsal vein.Patient urinated smoothly after the catheter was removed on day 21.3 mo after the surgery,the patient's penile preliminary cosmetic appearance was satisfactory,with occasional morning erections.Distal penile sensation was preserved,yet erection hardness of the distal penis was not satisfactory.CONCLUSION Complete preoperative assessment and prompt surgical intervention decreases loss of residual penile functions.

Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire: Greek Translation, Validation and Psychometric Properties

Aim of this study is to assess the reliability, validity and psychometric properties of the Greek language version of the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ). Method: The Greek language version of the DCQ scale was presented to 88 healthy individuals (57 women and 31 men) and 32 subjects suffering from body dysmorphic disorder BDD (20 women and 12 men) matched for age and sex. All the BDD group subjects and 57 subjects from the healthy individual group were also assessed according to the following psychometric scales: Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90) scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI 1 and STAI-2) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression scales. Results: Regarding the DCQ scale, the analysis revealed that one single factor was extracted that accounted for 71.4% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.933, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Comparison between groups, healthy individuals vs BDD patients, showed statistically significant differences in almost every item of the SCL-90 scale (p < 0.05). The Spearman correlations of DCQ score, the DCQ factor score and DCQ T factor with SCL-90, EPQ, as well as the ZUNG depressive scales present high correlation with most items of SCL-90 and ZUNG and STAI-2 (p < 0.005). Conclusion: The Greek version of the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) is a valid and reliable instrument, appropriate for both research and clinical settings where dysmorphic concern or body image is a variable which needs to be measured or screened for.

Development and validation of a screening instrument for cognitive fluctuation in patientswith neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies(NCDLB):the Mayo Fluctuations Scale-Thai version

Background Prevalence of neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies(NCDLB) is low in Asian populations, which may partially reflect its diagnostic difficulty. The Mayo Fluctuations Scale, a short questionnaire that evaluates cognitive fluctuation, has been shown to significantly differentiate NCDLB from Alzheimer's disease.Aim This study aimed to develop the Mayo Fluctuations Scale-Thai version and assess its validity to screen NCDLB in an elderly population.Methods The Mayo Ructuations Scale was translated into Thai. The process involved back-translation, cross-cultural adaptation, field testing of the prefinal version, as well as final adjustments. From all patients attending the Psychiatric and Memory Clinic at Ramathibodi Hospital, 135 patients accompanied by their primary caregivers were included.Caregivers were interviewed by research assistants using a four-item scale, and psychiatrists determined patients*diagnosis based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM)-5 criteria. Evaluations performed by psychiatrists and research assistants were blinded.Results Seventeen participants had been diagnosed with major NCDLB. At a cut-off score of 2 or over, the Mayo Fluctuations Scale exhibited excellent performance to differentiate major NCDLB from other major neurocognitive disorders(NCDs), with a sensitivity of 94.1%and a specificity of 71.4%, and acceptable performance to differentiate mild NCDLB from other mild NCDs, with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 93.1 %.Conclusion The Mayo Fluctuations Scale-Thai version is an excellent screening tool for major NCDLB and an acceptable tool that may be used with other additional tests for mild NCDLB. The tool is practical for use in memory and psychiatric clinics. Further validation studies in participants with other specific clinical conditions are required.