Theoretical research and experimental validation of quasi-static load spectra on bogie frame structures of high-speed trains

One of the major problems in structural fatigue life analysis is establishing structural load spectra under actual operating conditions.This study conducts theoretical research and experimental validation of quasi-static load spectra on bogie frame structures of high-speed trains.The quasistatic load series that corresponds to quasi-static deformation modes are identified according to the structural form and bearing conditions of high-speed train bogie frames.Moreover,a force-measuring frame is designed and manufactured based on the quasi-static load series.The load decoupling model of the quasi-static load series is then established via calibration tests.Quasi-static load–time histories,together with online tests and decoupling analysis,are obtained for the intermediate range of the Beijing—Shanghai dedicated passenger line.The damage consistency calibration of the quasi-static discrete load spectra is performed according to a damage consistency criterion and a genetic algorithm.The calibrated damage that corresponds with the quasi-static discrete load spectra satisfies the safety requirements of bogie frames.

Analysis of the Load-Stress Response Characteristics of the Bogie Frame in Intercity Electric Multiple Unit

Load spectra research for bogie frame requires establishing the load?stress relationship on working condition, which has been omitted by the researchers. With the load?stress of the bogie frame of an intercity Electric Multiple Unit(Hereinafter referred to as EMU) as the research object, an optimization model of the load?stress transfer relationship is established. The load?stress coe cient for EMU bogie frame was calibrated in the laboratory bench and online test was arranged on Dazhou?Chengdu line. Comparison of nonlinear and linear neural networks proves that the linear transitive relation between the load and stress of the bogie frame in the operating process is highly suitable. An optimization model of the load?stress transfer coe cient is obtained. The data calculated with the modified coe cient are closer to the dynamic stress results in the actual operating process than the data calculated with the calibration coe cient. The coe cient of the modified transitive relation is una ected by operating area, empty load, heavy load, or other conditions in the operating process of the intercity EMU. The real loads in actual situations are obtained. The model of online load?stress relationship that is highly suitable for line stress calculation is finally established. The research is helpful for further damage calculation and inferring the time history signal of the load in load spectra research.

Theoretical Research and Experimental Validation of Elastic Dynamic Load Spectra on Bogie Frame of High-speed Train

When a train runs at high speeds, the external exciting frequencies approach the natural frequencies of bogie critical components, thereby inducing strong elastic vibrations. The present international reliability test evaluation standard and design criteria of bogie frames are all based on the quasi-static deformation hypothesis. Structural fatigue damage generated by structural elastic vibrations has not yet been included. In this paper, theoretical research and experimental validation are done on elastic dynamic load spectra on bogie frame of high-speed train. The construction of the load series that correspond to elastic dynamic deformation modes is studied. The simplified form of the load series is obtained. A theory of simplified dynamic load–time histories is then deduced. Measured data from the Beijing–Shanghai Dedicated Passenger Line are introduced to derive the simplified dynamic load–time histories. The simplified dynamic discrete load spectra of bogie frame are established. Based on the damage consistency criterion and a genetic algorithm, damage consistency calibration of the simplified dynamic load spectra is finally performed. The computed result proves that the simplified load series is reasonable. The calibrated damage that corresponds to the elastic dynamic discrete load spectra can cover the actual damage at the operating conditions. The calibrated damage satisfies the safety requirement of damage consistency criterion for bogie frame. This research is helpful for investigating the standardized load spectra of bogie frame of high-speed train.

An Experimental Study on Bogie Frame of a High Speed Electrical Locomotive

For the dynamics of wheel/rail and car body, lightweighting of bogie frames is one of main concerns of designers. Lightweighting of the bogie frames may reduce the fatigue strength and life, especially in heavy haul and high-speed conditions. In this work, full-scale fatigue and fracture experiments are performed to meet the design requirements of bogie frame of a high-speed electrical locomotive. Multi-axial stress-states of some dangerous points are found both in service and numerical calculation. The Von-Mises equivalent stress criterion is used to evaluate the strength. Then crack initiation and propagation detected during the test are described. The reason why the crack growth rate may become slow in the weld structure of the bogie frame is explained using a residual stress concept. Miner's accumulative damage rule and P-S-N curve are used to predict the life of the bogie frame under fatigue and fracture tests. The experimental approach and theoretical analysis give satisfactory results and design information.

Dynamic Damage Detection and Assessment on the Bogie Frame of High-Speed Train Based on the Coupled Elastic and Multibody Dynamics Scheme

The dynamic cumulative damage of rigid-flexible coupling model of high-speed train with flexible bogie frame is performed by using the coupled scheme of elastic and multibody dynamics theories.The motion equations of the present problem are firstly established by integrating the finite element method and floating frame of reference approach based on the virtual power principle and D'Alembert principle.The process of condensing the elastic DOFs of the obtained finite element model involving the incorporation of the substructure technique and sparse approximate inverse method is tentatively carried out.Then,the motion equations are further solved by virtue of the generalized α method and the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov technologies.And the superiority of coupled scheme is proven by comparing with the traditional approach.Finally,besides the dynamic behaviors of the considered vehicle model,the time-variations of stresses on the elastic bogie frame's dangerous nodes and the distributions of stresses of bogie frame at some specified moments are synchronously calculated and analyzed.More importantly,the real-time and time-varying cumulative damages of some typical nodes on bogie frame are investigated.

Welded Joint Fatigue Reliability Analysis on Bogie Frame of High-Speed Electric Multiple Unit

A new method for welded joint fatigue reliability analysis on bogie frame of high-speed electric multiple unit(EMU) is proposed according to the International Union of Railways(UIC) standard, the Britain Standard Institute(BSI) standard and the Miner rule. Firstly, the fatigue calculation condition is loaded according to the UIC standard. The welded joint damage ratio is calculated by the BSI standard. Fatigue reliability analysis is conducted for a typical welded joint based on probabilistic design system(PDS) module in software ANSYS 14.0.In the system, the automatic program is prepared by ANSYS parametric design language(APDL) to calculate the welded joint fatigue damage ratio. Meantime, the relationship between the input variables and the output response is fitted by the response surface(RS) method. Then, the RS method is improved by the orthogonal design.Specifically, the selecting process optimization for the RS method based on the orthogonal design is conducted to improve the fitting efficiency of the RS method. Finally, a program of the automatic analysis documents is generated by Microsoft foundation class(MFC) technique. Through the self-defined interface, the researchers can easily import the automatic generation of the orthogonal table into the PDS module and analyze the fatigue reliability. Results show that the improved RS method can better fit the RS which covers the sample area, and the distribution law agrees well with the actual situation. At the same time, the improved RS method reduces the calculation time.

Optimization of Numerical Control Program and Machining Simulation Based on VERICUT

In the machining process of large-scale complex curved surface,workers will encounter problems such as empty stroke of tool,collision interference,and overcut or undercut of the workpieces.This paper presents a method for generating the optimized tool path,compiling and checking the numerical control(NC)program.Taking the bogie frame as an example,the tool paths of all machining surface are optimized by the dynamic programming algorithm,Creo software is utilized to compile the optimized computerized numerical control(CNC)machining program,and VERICUT software is employed to simulate the machining process,optimize the amount of cutting and inspect the machining quality.The method saves the machining time,guarantees the correctness of NC program,and the overall machining efficiency is improved.The method lays a good theoretical and practical foundation for integration of the similar platform.