Scallop culture is an important way of bottom-seeding marine ranching,which is of great significance to improve the current situation of fishery resources.However,there are some problems in site-selection evaluation o...Scallop culture is an important way of bottom-seeding marine ranching,which is of great significance to improve the current situation of fishery resources.However,there are some problems in site-selection evaluation of marine ranching,such as imperfect criteria system,complex structure,untargeted criteria quantification,etc.In addition,no site-selection evaluation method of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops is available.Therefore,we established a hierarchy structure model according to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)theory,in which social,physical,chemical,and biological environments are used as main criteria,and marine functional zonation,water depth,current,water temperature,salinity,substrate type,water quality,sediment quality,red tide,phytoplankton,and zooplankton are used as sub-criteria,on which a multi-parameter evaluation system is set up.Meanwhile,the dualism method,assignment method,and membership function method were used to quantify sub-criteria,and a quantitative evaluation for the entire criteria was added,including the evaluation and analysis of two types of unsuitable environmental situations.By overall consideration in scallop yield,quality,and marine ranching construction objectives,the weight of the main criteria could be determined.Five grades in the suitability corresponding to the evaluation result were divided,and the Python language was used to create an evaluation system for efficient calculation and intuitive presentation of the evaluation outcome.Eight marine cases were simulated based on existing survey data,and the results prove that the method is feasible for evaluating and analyzing the site selection of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops under various environmental situations.The proposed evaluation method can be promoted for the site selection of bottom-seeding marine ranching.This study provided theoretical and methodological references for the site selection evaluation of other types of marine ranching.展开更多
As“Bohai Red”scallops were originated from the hybrids between the Peruvian scallop(Argopecten purpuratus)and the bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)northern subspecies(Argopecten irradians irradians).Twelve Wnt membe...As“Bohai Red”scallops were originated from the hybrids between the Peruvian scallop(Argopecten purpuratus)and the bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)northern subspecies(Argopecten irradians irradians).Twelve Wnt members were identified from the two subspecies of bay scallop,and 13 Wnt genes were found in the genome of the Peruvian scallop.Protein structure analyses showed that most Wnt genes poses all 5 conserved motifs except Wnt1,Wnt2,Wnt6,and Wnt9 in the bay scallops and Wnt2 and Wnt9 in the Peruvian scallop.Unexpectedly,Wnt8 gene was present while Wnt3 was absent in both the bay scallops and the Peruvian scallop.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Wnt3 might have disappeared in the early evolution of mollusks.The expression profile of Wnt genes in the“Bohai Red”exposed to different temperatures was examined by qRT-PCR.Results show that expression of Wnt genes responded differentially to temperature changes.The Wnt genes such as Wnt1,Wnt6,Wnt7,Wnt11,and WntA that responded slowly to low and high temperature stresses may be related to the maintenance of basic homeostasis.Other Wnt genes such as Wnt4,Wnt9,Wnt5,and Wnt2 that responded rapidly to low temperature may play an important role in organismal protection against low temperature stress.And yet some Wnt genes including Wnt10,Wnt16,and Wnt8 that responded quickly to high temperature stress may play key roles in response to high temperature stress.The results provide new insights into the evolution and function of Wnt genes in bivalves and eventually benefit culture of“Bohai Red”scallops.展开更多
Biofouling is an important factor that affects bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitor...Biofouling is an important factor that affects bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitors for food resource with the cultured species. The present study was conducted to measure the impact of fouling on food uptake and nutrient release in April, 2006 in Daya Bay near Guangzhou, China. Results showed that fouling organisms had significant effect on food uptake and nutrient release. The chlorophyll a uptake rate of fouled scallops was 7.53 / Lh ±1.416 / Lh in April, significantly higher than those of cleaned scallops, Le., 4.23 / Lh±2.744 / Lh. The consumption of total particulate matter by fouled scallops in April was 5.52 / Lh± 0.818 / Lh; the corresponding results for cleaned scallops are 2.49 / Lh ±0.614 / Lh Fouling increased ammonia release significantly. The ammonia release rate of fouled scallops was 33.81/Lh ±7.699 / Lh in April, while cleaned scallops released 2.46 / Lh ±0.511 / Lh ammonia. Phosphate uptake of fouled scallops was 2.01± 0.699 / Lh and cleaned scallops released phosphate 6.01 / Lh ＋ 0.876 / Lh in April. There was not significant difference in nitrate consumption between fouled and cleaned scallops. According to the phytoplankton classification of input and output water samples, fouled scallops filtered more phytoplankton species than cleaned scallops. Therefore, this study showed that fouling contributed much to phytoplankton depletion and concentration increase of ammonia in water.展开更多
The two bay scallop subspecies,Argopecten irradians irradians(NN)and A.i.concentricus(SS),are fast growing and major cultured bivalves in China.However,their relatively small sizes and decreasing production traits cau...The two bay scallop subspecies,Argopecten irradians irradians(NN)and A.i.concentricus(SS),are fast growing and major cultured bivalves in China.However,their relatively small sizes and decreasing production traits caused by long-term inbreeding have been major concerns to the industry in the last two decades.Hybridization between the two bay scallop subspecies may provide a new approach to breed a new variety with superior production traits for the industry.For this end,in this study,we hybridized the two bay scallop subspecies in order to obtain a new strain that incorporates the genes of both subspecies.No significant difference was found in fertilization rate,hatching rate and metamorphosis rate between the purebred and crossbred cohorts(NN♀×SS♂,denoted as NS;SS♀×NN♂,denoted as SN).Both mating strategy(intra-vs.inter-population crosses)and egg origin had significant effects on growth and survival at the larval stage.Heterosis was observed in the crossbred and was more pronounced in older stages.Genetic diversity of the reciprocal hybrids,especially that of SN,was increased compared with the purebred cohorts.Almost all hybrids were completely fertile and able to reproduce by selffertilization or by backcrossing with either parent.Apparently,male sterile individuals whose gonads were fully occupied by the ovary part at mature stage were found in the hybrids for the first time.The hybrids,especially SN,may provide precious germplasm resources for the production of ternary hybrids with the Peruvian scallop,A.purpuratus.展开更多
Accurate frequency estimation in a wideband digital receiver using the FFT algorithm encounters challenges, such as spectral leakage resulting from the FFT’s assumption of signal periodicity. High-resolution FFTs pos...Accurate frequency estimation in a wideband digital receiver using the FFT algorithm encounters challenges, such as spectral leakage resulting from the FFT’s assumption of signal periodicity. High-resolution FFTs pose computational demands, and estimating non-integer multiples of frequency resolution proves exceptionally challenging. This paper introduces two novel methods for enhanced frequency precision: polynomial interpolation and array indexing, comparing their results with super-resolution and scalloping loss. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in contemporary radar systems, with array indexing providing the best frequency estimation despite utilizing maximum hardware resources. The paper demonstrates a trade-off between accurate frequency estimation and hardware resources when comparing polynomial interpolation and array indexing.展开更多
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB 42010203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42176090)。
文摘Scallop culture is an important way of bottom-seeding marine ranching,which is of great significance to improve the current situation of fishery resources.However,there are some problems in site-selection evaluation of marine ranching,such as imperfect criteria system,complex structure,untargeted criteria quantification,etc.In addition,no site-selection evaluation method of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops is available.Therefore,we established a hierarchy structure model according to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)theory,in which social,physical,chemical,and biological environments are used as main criteria,and marine functional zonation,water depth,current,water temperature,salinity,substrate type,water quality,sediment quality,red tide,phytoplankton,and zooplankton are used as sub-criteria,on which a multi-parameter evaluation system is set up.Meanwhile,the dualism method,assignment method,and membership function method were used to quantify sub-criteria,and a quantitative evaluation for the entire criteria was added,including the evaluation and analysis of two types of unsuitable environmental situations.By overall consideration in scallop yield,quality,and marine ranching construction objectives,the weight of the main criteria could be determined.Five grades in the suitability corresponding to the evaluation result were divided,and the Python language was used to create an evaluation system for efficient calculation and intuitive presentation of the evaluation outcome.Eight marine cases were simulated based on existing survey data,and the results prove that the method is feasible for evaluating and analyzing the site selection of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops under various environmental situations.The proposed evaluation method can be promoted for the site selection of bottom-seeding marine ranching.This study provided theoretical and methodological references for the site selection evaluation of other types of marine ranching.
基金Supported by the Focally Deployed Program,Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation(No.COMS2019R03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972791)+2 种基金the Earmarked Fund for Agriculture Seed Improvement Project of Shandong Province(No.2020LZGC016)the Earmarked Fund for Shandong Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System(No.SDAIT-14)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020MC192)。
文摘As“Bohai Red”scallops were originated from the hybrids between the Peruvian scallop(Argopecten purpuratus)and the bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)northern subspecies(Argopecten irradians irradians).Twelve Wnt members were identified from the two subspecies of bay scallop,and 13 Wnt genes were found in the genome of the Peruvian scallop.Protein structure analyses showed that most Wnt genes poses all 5 conserved motifs except Wnt1,Wnt2,Wnt6,and Wnt9 in the bay scallops and Wnt2 and Wnt9 in the Peruvian scallop.Unexpectedly,Wnt8 gene was present while Wnt3 was absent in both the bay scallops and the Peruvian scallop.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Wnt3 might have disappeared in the early evolution of mollusks.The expression profile of Wnt genes in the“Bohai Red”exposed to different temperatures was examined by qRT-PCR.Results show that expression of Wnt genes responded differentially to temperature changes.The Wnt genes such as Wnt1,Wnt6,Wnt7,Wnt11,and WntA that responded slowly to low and high temperature stresses may be related to the maintenance of basic homeostasis.Other Wnt genes such as Wnt4,Wnt9,Wnt5,and Wnt2 that responded rapidly to low temperature may play an important role in organismal protection against low temperature stress.And yet some Wnt genes including Wnt10,Wnt16,and Wnt8 that responded quickly to high temperature stress may play key roles in response to high temperature stress.The results provide new insights into the evolution and function of Wnt genes in bivalves and eventually benefit culture of“Bohai Red”scallops.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of Huaihai Institute of Technology (No. KQ07102)Open Project Program of the Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, SCSIO, CAS (No. KK09001)
文摘Biofouling is an important factor that affects bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitors for food resource with the cultured species. The present study was conducted to measure the impact of fouling on food uptake and nutrient release in April, 2006 in Daya Bay near Guangzhou, China. Results showed that fouling organisms had significant effect on food uptake and nutrient release. The chlorophyll a uptake rate of fouled scallops was 7.53 / Lh ±1.416 / Lh in April, significantly higher than those of cleaned scallops, Le., 4.23 / Lh±2.744 / Lh. The consumption of total particulate matter by fouled scallops in April was 5.52 / Lh± 0.818 / Lh; the corresponding results for cleaned scallops are 2.49 / Lh ±0.614 / Lh Fouling increased ammonia release significantly. The ammonia release rate of fouled scallops was 33.81/Lh ±7.699 / Lh in April, while cleaned scallops released 2.46 / Lh ±0.511 / Lh ammonia. Phosphate uptake of fouled scallops was 2.01± 0.699 / Lh and cleaned scallops released phosphate 6.01 / Lh ＋ 0.876 / Lh in April. There was not significant difference in nitrate consumption between fouled and cleaned scallops. According to the phytoplankton classification of input and output water samples, fouled scallops filtered more phytoplankton species than cleaned scallops. Therefore, this study showed that fouling contributed much to phytoplankton depletion and concentration increase of ammonia in water.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972791)the Earmarked Fund for Agriculture Seed Improvement Project of Shandong Province(No.2020LZGC016)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Project of Yantai,Shandong Province(No.2022XCZX083)the Earmarked Fund for Shandong Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System(No.SDAIT-14)。
文摘The two bay scallop subspecies,Argopecten irradians irradians(NN)and A.i.concentricus(SS),are fast growing and major cultured bivalves in China.However,their relatively small sizes and decreasing production traits caused by long-term inbreeding have been major concerns to the industry in the last two decades.Hybridization between the two bay scallop subspecies may provide a new approach to breed a new variety with superior production traits for the industry.For this end,in this study,we hybridized the two bay scallop subspecies in order to obtain a new strain that incorporates the genes of both subspecies.No significant difference was found in fertilization rate,hatching rate and metamorphosis rate between the purebred and crossbred cohorts(NN♀×SS♂,denoted as NS;SS♀×NN♂,denoted as SN).Both mating strategy(intra-vs.inter-population crosses)and egg origin had significant effects on growth and survival at the larval stage.Heterosis was observed in the crossbred and was more pronounced in older stages.Genetic diversity of the reciprocal hybrids,especially that of SN,was increased compared with the purebred cohorts.Almost all hybrids were completely fertile and able to reproduce by selffertilization or by backcrossing with either parent.Apparently,male sterile individuals whose gonads were fully occupied by the ovary part at mature stage were found in the hybrids for the first time.The hybrids,especially SN,may provide precious germplasm resources for the production of ternary hybrids with the Peruvian scallop,A.purpuratus.
文摘Accurate frequency estimation in a wideband digital receiver using the FFT algorithm encounters challenges, such as spectral leakage resulting from the FFT’s assumption of signal periodicity. High-resolution FFTs pose computational demands, and estimating non-integer multiples of frequency resolution proves exceptionally challenging. This paper introduces two novel methods for enhanced frequency precision: polynomial interpolation and array indexing, comparing their results with super-resolution and scalloping loss. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in contemporary radar systems, with array indexing providing the best frequency estimation despite utilizing maximum hardware resources. The paper demonstrates a trade-off between accurate frequency estimation and hardware resources when comparing polynomial interpolation and array indexing.
