Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a heterogeneous multifactorial disorder and,during the last years,new scientific evidence has supported this concept.The principal hallmarks of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a heterogeneous multifactorial disorder and,during the last years,new scientific evidence has supported this concept.The principal hallmarks of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein(α-syn).展开更多
Anti-hegemonic movements in Japan had occurred frequently since the early 20th century,and democratic revolution debate in the 1920s was the first significant domestic debate on future development strategy.Various dis...Anti-hegemonic movements in Japan had occurred frequently since the early 20th century,and democratic revolution debate in the 1920s was the first significant domestic debate on future development strategy.Various discussions on it from Japanese academia involved state power,absolutism,agrarian revolution,and revolutionary strategy,etc.An analysis of early Japanese scholars’perspectives on the democratic revolution helps to know about the social milieu in Japan at that time,and is of positive significance to comprehend the development process of the current Japanese democratic revolution.展开更多
Rectal carcinoma represents the 30% of all colorectal cancers, with about 40000 new cases/years. In the past two decades, the management of rectal cancer has made important progress, highlighting the main role of a mu...Rectal carcinoma represents the 30% of all colorectal cancers, with about 40000 new cases/years. In the past two decades, the management of rectal cancer has made important progress, highlighting the main role of a multimodality strategy approach, combining surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Nowadays, surgery remains the primary treatment and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, based on fluoropyrimidine(5-FU) continuous infusion, is considered the standard in locally advanced rectal carcinoma. The aim is to reduce the incidence of local recurrence and to perform a conservative surgery. To improve these purposes different drugs combination have been tested in the neo-adjuvant setting. At American Society of Clinical Oncology 2014 an important abstract was presented focusing on the role of adding oxaliplatin to concomitant treatment, in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma. Rodel et al reported on the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 randomized phase Ⅲ trial that compared standard treatment with 5-FU and radiation therapy, to oxaliplatin plus 5-FU inassociation with radiation therapy. The addition of oxaliplatin to the neo-adjuvant treatment has been shown to improve disease-free survival from 71.2% to 75.9%(P = 0.03). This editorial was planned to clarify the optimal treatment in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, considering the results from CAO/ARO/AIO-04 study.展开更多
Following publication of NASCIS Ⅱ, methylprednisolone sodium succinate（MPSS） was hailed as a breakthrough for patients with acute spinal cord injury（SCI）. MPSS use for SCI has since become very controversial and ...Following publication of NASCIS Ⅱ, methylprednisolone sodium succinate（MPSS） was hailed as a breakthrough for patients with acute spinal cord injury（SCI）. MPSS use for SCI has since become very controversial and it is our opinion that additional evidence is unlikely to break the stalemate amongst clinicians. Patient opinion has the potential to break this stalemate and we review our recent findings which reported that spinal cord injured patients informed of the risks and benefits of MPSS reported a preference for MPSS administration. We discuss the implications of the current MPSS debate on translational research and seek to address some misconceptions which have evolved. As science has failed to resolve the MPSS debate we argue that the debate is an increasingly philosophical one. We question whether SCI might be viewed as a serious condition like cancer where serious side effects of therapeutics are tolerated even when benefits may be small. We also draw attention to the similarity between the side effects of MPSS and isotretinoin which is prescribed for the cosmetic disorder acne vulgaris. Ultimately we question how patient autonomy should be weighed in the context of current SCI guidelines and MPSS＇s status as a historical standard of care.展开更多
Gaming disorder has become a significant issue in mental healthcare. While gaming is an important form of entertainment, excessive gaming may cause serious consequences for players. At present, there are still controv...Gaming disorder has become a significant issue in mental healthcare. While gaming is an important form of entertainment, excessive gaming may cause serious consequences for players. At present, there are still controversies in the academic community concerning the public health problems related to gaming disorder. This article attempts to expound the definition, epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gaming disorder, in order to contribute to future conceptualization of gaming disorder.展开更多
I am Li Xi, a council member of China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture.Language facilitates communication and embodies culture. According to the Chinese Constitution, every ethnic group ...I am Li Xi, a council member of China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture.Language facilitates communication and embodies culture. According to the Chinese Constitution, every ethnic group has the freedom to use and develop its own language.展开更多
Current research shows that hatred toward the ethnic minorities derives from unhealthy traditions and institutions of the society. Social media has significant impact on the spread and magnification of hate speech.
This is Victor Gao, on behalf of CCG. We are very happy and honored to attend this very important meeting. Human rights are very important for all the countries and people in the world. China is a staunch defender of ...This is Victor Gao, on behalf of CCG. We are very happy and honored to attend this very important meeting. Human rights are very important for all the countries and people in the world. China is a staunch defender of human rights.展开更多
In this report, we want to touch upon two aspects of teaching mathematics in middle and high school. The first of them is the eternal question of how to teach, to motivate students and make them involved in the educat...In this report, we want to touch upon two aspects of teaching mathematics in middle and high school. The first of them is the eternal question of how to teach, to motivate students and make them involved in the educational process, particularly in mathematics, where the most important factor is the natural gifts. The second aspect concerns the question which became very urgent in the modern world： what, in fact, we want to teach the students in a world over-saturated with information of any kind. As a result of the information blowup, two aspects emerge. On the one hand, straight passing over the skills and knowledge to the students becomes irrelevant today （just like a teacher or lecturer, merely speaking to an audience, who is not that relevant for young people, accustomed from childhood to perceive information through dynamic color visuals）. On the other hand, there is a change in emphasis in the objective function of the educational process from gaining knowledge to acquisition of skills of working with information, consideration and estimation, and choosing of the optimal strategy of a number of possibilities. This trend can be seen in the selection of problems in the international examination PISA （Program for international Student Assessment）, in the new curriculum in mathematics and in the selection of problems in the matriculation exams. These considerations （along with others） make teachers took for rtew forms of teaming, more appropriate to the demands of modernity. In this report we suggest the idea of using a mathematical competition called ＂Mathematical debate＂ （mathematical fight） as an integral part of the educational process at different levels of learning mathematics, as an appropriate tool.展开更多
I am Renaguli Hudabaidi, a farmer from Kashgar city. I have three children with my daughter 8 years old and twin sons 5 years old. After discussion with my husband, I went to the hospital to have an intrauterine devic...I am Renaguli Hudabaidi, a farmer from Kashgar city. I have three children with my daughter 8 years old and twin sons 5 years old. After discussion with my husband, I went to the hospital to have an intrauterine device installed last year. Now my family is living a happy life.展开更多
We earnestly ask the Human Rights Council to pay attention to the issue of the right to life and health of people and the systemic racism in the face of the pandemic in America.First,in response to the Covid-19 outbre...We earnestly ask the Human Rights Council to pay attention to the issue of the right to life and health of people and the systemic racism in the face of the pandemic in America.First,in response to the Covid-19 outbreak,the U.S.government needs to do better in protecting the rights to life and health of people in America.展开更多
Since the mid-1980s Chinese calligraphy art has undergone a radical change and has opened itself to experimentation. Nowadays in China this artistic revolution has sparked a vivid debate among the art critics on three...Since the mid-1980s Chinese calligraphy art has undergone a radical change and has opened itself to experimentation. Nowadays in China this artistic revolution has sparked a vivid debate among the art critics on three main topics： （1） definition of the phenomenon; （2） analysis of its nature; and （3） classification of the artistic production. In this article, all these aspects are analysed in order to give a comprehensive view of the present theoretical discussion and of its future development.展开更多
Debates over if China should start building the world’s biggest particle collider went public and have drawn much attention in the past few months.Proposed in 2012 as a 'Higgs factory' twice the size of LHC(L...Debates over if China should start building the world’s biggest particle collider went public and have drawn much attention in the past few months.Proposed in 2012 as a 'Higgs factory' twice the size of LHC(Large Hadron Collider)and costing at least several billion dollars,the Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)was expected to start construction in 2022 but now came under the question of senior scientists including Nobel laureate Chen-Ning Yang.展开更多
Chen Yifan, who is resolved to be single for life, has never expected that at 45, she can realize her dream of producing a baby for herself without having to get married—and legally.
China’s ambition to build a 12 m aperture optical/infrared telescope in Tibet has been recently challenged by intense disputes over its design options.The Large Optical/Infrared Telescope,or LOT,which will become the...China’s ambition to build a 12 m aperture optical/infrared telescope in Tibet has been recently challenged by intense disputes over its design options.The Large Optical/Infrared Telescope,or LOT,which will become the world’s biggest upon completion before the 30 m-level ones are in place,is expected to give Chinese astronomers a head start in exploring the early universe and exoplanets among other scientific goals.However,optical engineers and scientists are holding on to very different opinions as for what is the best technical route to get there.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from NYU Grossman School of Medicine and The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, which was made possible with support from Marlene and Paolo Fresco (to AC)
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a heterogeneous multifactorial disorder and,during the last years,new scientific evidence has supported this concept.The principal hallmarks of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein(α-syn).
基金Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education“Research on the Translation,Sharing,and Evolution of Marxist Terminology in the Early Translation of the Communist Manifesto between China and Japan”(《共产党宣言》在中日两国早期译介过程中马克思主义术语的译出、共享与演变研究20YJC740035).
文摘Anti-hegemonic movements in Japan had occurred frequently since the early 20th century,and democratic revolution debate in the 1920s was the first significant domestic debate on future development strategy.Various discussions on it from Japanese academia involved state power,absolutism,agrarian revolution,and revolutionary strategy,etc.An analysis of early Japanese scholars’perspectives on the democratic revolution helps to know about the social milieu in Japan at that time,and is of positive significance to comprehend the development process of the current Japanese democratic revolution.
文摘Rectal carcinoma represents the 30% of all colorectal cancers, with about 40000 new cases/years. In the past two decades, the management of rectal cancer has made important progress, highlighting the main role of a multimodality strategy approach, combining surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Nowadays, surgery remains the primary treatment and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, based on fluoropyrimidine(5-FU) continuous infusion, is considered the standard in locally advanced rectal carcinoma. The aim is to reduce the incidence of local recurrence and to perform a conservative surgery. To improve these purposes different drugs combination have been tested in the neo-adjuvant setting. At American Society of Clinical Oncology 2014 an important abstract was presented focusing on the role of adding oxaliplatin to concomitant treatment, in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma. Rodel et al reported on the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 randomized phase Ⅲ trial that compared standard treatment with 5-FU and radiation therapy, to oxaliplatin plus 5-FU inassociation with radiation therapy. The addition of oxaliplatin to the neo-adjuvant treatment has been shown to improve disease-free survival from 71.2% to 75.9%(P = 0.03). This editorial was planned to clarify the optimal treatment in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, considering the results from CAO/ARO/AIO-04 study.
文摘Following publication of NASCIS Ⅱ, methylprednisolone sodium succinate（MPSS） was hailed as a breakthrough for patients with acute spinal cord injury（SCI）. MPSS use for SCI has since become very controversial and it is our opinion that additional evidence is unlikely to break the stalemate amongst clinicians. Patient opinion has the potential to break this stalemate and we review our recent findings which reported that spinal cord injured patients informed of the risks and benefits of MPSS reported a preference for MPSS administration. We discuss the implications of the current MPSS debate on translational research and seek to address some misconceptions which have evolved. As science has failed to resolve the MPSS debate we argue that the debate is an increasingly philosophical one. We question whether SCI might be viewed as a serious condition like cancer where serious side effects of therapeutics are tolerated even when benefits may be small. We also draw attention to the similarity between the side effects of MPSS and isotretinoin which is prescribed for the cosmetic disorder acne vulgaris. Ultimately we question how patient autonomy should be weighed in the context of current SCI guidelines and MPSS＇s status as a historical standard of care.
基金grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC1310400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371465 and 81671324).
文摘Gaming disorder has become a significant issue in mental healthcare. While gaming is an important form of entertainment, excessive gaming may cause serious consequences for players. At present, there are still controversies in the academic community concerning the public health problems related to gaming disorder. This article attempts to expound the definition, epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gaming disorder, in order to contribute to future conceptualization of gaming disorder.
文摘I am Li Xi, a council member of China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture.Language facilitates communication and embodies culture. According to the Chinese Constitution, every ethnic group has the freedom to use and develop its own language.
文摘Current research shows that hatred toward the ethnic minorities derives from unhealthy traditions and institutions of the society. Social media has significant impact on the spread and magnification of hate speech.
文摘This is Victor Gao, on behalf of CCG. We are very happy and honored to attend this very important meeting. Human rights are very important for all the countries and people in the world. China is a staunch defender of human rights.
文摘In this report, we want to touch upon two aspects of teaching mathematics in middle and high school. The first of them is the eternal question of how to teach, to motivate students and make them involved in the educational process, particularly in mathematics, where the most important factor is the natural gifts. The second aspect concerns the question which became very urgent in the modern world： what, in fact, we want to teach the students in a world over-saturated with information of any kind. As a result of the information blowup, two aspects emerge. On the one hand, straight passing over the skills and knowledge to the students becomes irrelevant today （just like a teacher or lecturer, merely speaking to an audience, who is not that relevant for young people, accustomed from childhood to perceive information through dynamic color visuals）. On the other hand, there is a change in emphasis in the objective function of the educational process from gaining knowledge to acquisition of skills of working with information, consideration and estimation, and choosing of the optimal strategy of a number of possibilities. This trend can be seen in the selection of problems in the international examination PISA （Program for international Student Assessment）, in the new curriculum in mathematics and in the selection of problems in the matriculation exams. These considerations （along with others） make teachers took for rtew forms of teaming, more appropriate to the demands of modernity. In this report we suggest the idea of using a mathematical competition called ＂Mathematical debate＂ （mathematical fight） as an integral part of the educational process at different levels of learning mathematics, as an appropriate tool.
文摘I am Renaguli Hudabaidi, a farmer from Kashgar city. I have three children with my daughter 8 years old and twin sons 5 years old. After discussion with my husband, I went to the hospital to have an intrauterine device installed last year. Now my family is living a happy life.
文摘We earnestly ask the Human Rights Council to pay attention to the issue of the right to life and health of people and the systemic racism in the face of the pandemic in America.First,in response to the Covid-19 outbreak,the U.S.government needs to do better in protecting the rights to life and health of people in America.
文摘Since the mid-1980s Chinese calligraphy art has undergone a radical change and has opened itself to experimentation. Nowadays in China this artistic revolution has sparked a vivid debate among the art critics on three main topics： （1） definition of the phenomenon; （2） analysis of its nature; and （3） classification of the artistic production. In this article, all these aspects are analysed in order to give a comprehensive view of the present theoretical discussion and of its future development.
文摘Debates over if China should start building the world’s biggest particle collider went public and have drawn much attention in the past few months.Proposed in 2012 as a 'Higgs factory' twice the size of LHC(Large Hadron Collider)and costing at least several billion dollars,the Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)was expected to start construction in 2022 but now came under the question of senior scientists including Nobel laureate Chen-Ning Yang.
文摘Chen Yifan, who is resolved to be single for life, has never expected that at 45, she can realize her dream of producing a baby for herself without having to get married—and legally.
文摘China’s ambition to build a 12 m aperture optical/infrared telescope in Tibet has been recently challenged by intense disputes over its design options.The Large Optical/Infrared Telescope,or LOT,which will become the world’s biggest upon completion before the 30 m-level ones are in place,is expected to give Chinese astronomers a head start in exploring the early universe and exoplanets among other scientific goals.However,optical engineers and scientists are holding on to very different opinions as for what is the best technical route to get there.
文摘An initiative launched in Guangdong Province attracts public attention as it aims to set up Shenzhen＇s first ＂baby box＂ for abandoned babies in 2014.
