Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zh...Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.展开更多
Background: Inadequate antenatal care, both in coverage and standard, has been linked with poor pregnancy outcomes. In a resource poor setting, home delivery is considered very cheap, but the possible outcome of such ...Background: Inadequate antenatal care, both in coverage and standard, has been linked with poor pregnancy outcomes. In a resource poor setting, home delivery is considered very cheap, but the possible outcome of such pregnancies has been a subject of interest. This study evaluated the association of booking status with pregnancy outcomes. Objectives: To examine the factors that influence booking and impact of the booking status on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective cohort study of 240 (120 booked and 120 un-booked) pregnant mothers selected through systematic random sampling. The study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria. Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.39 ± 5.05 years and 29.05 ± 6.36 years respectively for the booked and unbooked. Marital status (OR = 6.35, 95% CI = 1.24 - 32.59), educational status (OR = 36.40, 95% CI = 5.26-152.83), place of residence (OR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.06 - 0.41), partner’s support (OR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.37), family support (OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.13), mode of delivery (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12 - 0.46), APGAR score in first minute (OR = 6.02, 95% CI = 2.45 - 14.83) and NBICU admission (OR = 3.75, 95% CI = 1.67 - 8.43) were associated with booked status. However, being unmarried, nulliparity/grandmultiparity, low level of education, blue colar jobs, low income, rural dwelling and poor partner and poor family support were associated with the unbooked. The booked parturients had a better perinatal outcome compared the unbooked. Conclusion/Recommendation: There was high prevalence of operative deliveries, perinatal morbidity and mortality among the unbooked mothers. Girl child education, employment and poverty alleviation would improve antenatal care utilization.展开更多
Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and th...Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and thinking modes,which is valuable to improve their English reading literacy.However,at present,most Chinese pupils have some problems in English reading.The paper aims at analyzing the current problems in Chinese pupils’English reading and digging out the values and strategies of English picture book reading,so as to stimulate their reading interests,cultivate their intercultural awareness,and improve their English reading literacy.展开更多
The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predece...The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.展开更多
The rapid development and popularization of Internet technology has provided important support for the informatization reform of various industries.University books and materials have the characteristics of large quan...The rapid development and popularization of Internet technology has provided important support for the informatization reform of various industries.University books and materials have the characteristics of large quantities and difficult storage and management.Its digital storage and management platform construction can effectively realize the digital storage and real-time retrieval of books and materials,and help students and teachers to find and use books and materials more quickly.Especially in recent years,with the update of intelligent platforms and other technologies,the resource-sharing platform of university books and materials can realize more convenient book information retrieval without the limitation of time and space.This paper mainly explores the optimization path and platform construction scheme of university libraries and information management under the background of the Internet,hoping to provide some theoretical references for university library managers.展开更多
SNAPSHOTS OF NOTABLE BOOKS ON AFRICA.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora By ELIZABETH WAY Yale University Press.The author,Elizabeth Way,associate curator of costume at The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology,is the ...SNAPSHOTS OF NOTABLE BOOKS ON AFRICA.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora By ELIZABETH WAY Yale University Press.The author,Elizabeth Way,associate curator of costume at The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology,is the curator behind Africa’s Fashion Diaspora(2024).She has also curated several prominent exhibitions.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora is among the first books to delve into the vast influence of the African Diaspora on global fashion.展开更多
This article takes the female community platform“Little Red Book”as an example to explore the optimization and innovation of mobile community e-commerce operation mode under Artificial Intelligence(AI)empowerment.Fi...This article takes the female community platform“Little Red Book”as an example to explore the optimization and innovation of mobile community e-commerce operation mode under Artificial Intelligence(AI)empowerment.Firstly,the relevant concepts were defined,and then the unique attributes of mobile community e-commerce were analyzed.As a typical representative of mobile community e-commerce,Little Red Book introduces the background and characteristics of its platform,analyzes its mobile community operation mode,and focuses on exploring how to establish a mobile community e-commerce platform and effective operation mode under the empowerment of AI technology,to provide some reference and inspiration for the development and operation of Little Red Book and other e-commerce platform enterprises.展开更多
This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 an...This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.展开更多
As the demand for used books has grown in recent years,various online/offline market platforms have emerged to support the trade in used books.The price of used books can depend on various factors,such as the state of...As the demand for used books has grown in recent years,various online/offline market platforms have emerged to support the trade in used books.The price of used books can depend on various factors,such as the state of preservation(i.e.,condition),the value of possession,and so on.Therefore,some online platforms provide a reference document to evaluate the condition of used books,but it is still not trivial for individual sellers to determine the price.The lack of a standard quantitative method to assess the condition of the used book would confuse both sellers and consumers,thereby decreasing the user experience of the online secondhand marketplace.Therefore,this paper discusses the automatic examination of the condition of used books based on deep learning approaches.In this work,we present a book damage detection system based on various You Only Look Once(YOLO)object detection models.Using YOLOv5,YOLOR,and YOLOX,we also introduce various training configurations that can be applied to improve performance.Specifically,a combination of different augmentation strategies including flip,rotation,crop,mosaic,and mixup was used for comparison.To train and validate our system,a book damage dataset composed of a total of 620 book images with 3,989 annotations,containing six types of damages(i.e.,Wear,Spot,Notch,Barcode,Tag,and Ripped),collected from the library books is presented.We evaluated each model trained with different configurations to figure out their detection accuracy as well as training efficiency.The experimental results showed that YOLOX trained with its best training configuration yielded the best performance in terms of detection accuracy,by achieving 60.0%(mAP@.5:.95)and 72.9%(mAP@.5)for book damage detection.However,YOLOX performed worst in terms of training efficiency,indicating that there is a trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.Based on the findings from the study,we discuss the feasibility and limitations of our system and future research directions.展开更多
The traditional recommendation algorithm represented by the collaborative filtering algorithm is the most classical and widely recommended algorithm in the practical industry.Most book recommendation systems also use ...The traditional recommendation algorithm represented by the collaborative filtering algorithm is the most classical and widely recommended algorithm in the practical industry.Most book recommendation systems also use this algorithm.However,the traditional recommendation algorithm represented by the collaborative filtering algorithm cannot deal with the data sparsity well.This algorithm only uses the shallow feature design of the interaction between readers and books,so it fails to achieve the high-level abstract learning of the relevant attribute features of readers and books,leading to a decline in recommendation performance.Given the above problems,this study uses deep learning technology to model readers’book borrowing probability.It builds a recommendation system model through themulti-layer neural network and inputs the features extracted from readers and books into the network,and then profoundly integrates the features of readers and books through the multi-layer neural network.The hidden deep interaction between readers and books is explored accordingly.Thus,the quality of book recommendation performance will be significantly improved.In the experiment,the evaluation indexes ofHR@10,MRR,andNDCGof the deep neural network recommendation model constructed in this paper are higher than those of the traditional recommendation algorithm,which verifies the effectiveness of the model in the book recommendation.展开更多
Interpretation(I)of the Supreme People’s Court of Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases allows for the application of pertinent laws and regulations,including the Civil Code of ...Interpretation(I)of the Supreme People’s Court of Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases allows for the application of pertinent laws and regulations,including the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as the“Civil Code”),in labor dispute cases.This has resolved the controversy over the relationship between civil law and labor law in academic and practical communities.In view of this development,we examined four hundred judicial documents,analyzing the focal points of disputes,the reasoning behind judgments,applicable laws,and judgment results.Our study identified seven impacts of the Contract Book of the Civil Code on labor dispute trial practices,exploring the underlying logic behind these changes and proposing policy suggestions to promote consistent judgments across jurisdictions,enhance judicial credibility,and encourage employers to govern enterprises in compliance with the law while empowering employees to safeguard their rights in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.展开更多
Copying,compiling,publishing,disseminating,and referencing anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were common activities during the outbreak of epidemics in the Qing dynasty.Its emergence,motivated by epidemic dis...Copying,compiling,publishing,disseminating,and referencing anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were common activities during the outbreak of epidemics in the Qing dynasty.Its emergence,motivated by epidemic disease again and again,was important component parts of epidemic prevention and control.They played a unique role as media on affairs such as treating patients suffering from infectious diseases,mobilizing peoples to make contributions to anti-epidemic activities,integrating and popularizing knowledge of epidemic prevention.Anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were important to link peoples,things,and substances related with epidemic prevention and control,and were a kind of motivation to actively deal with the infectious disease,control the epidemic,and maintain health.Compared to other common measures,anti-epidemic books of medical formularies participated in many prevention and control practices deeply,which actually built a low cost,spontaneous,dispersed and non-institutional system to respond to epidemic,and the system had characteristics of stronger conductibility,bigger coverage area,and better external benefits.展开更多
Mazu is the most famous goddess of canal transport in China,and one of the three folk beliefs in China.Japan is our neighbor across the sea.As early as 1000 years ago,Japan was influenced by the Mazu ceremonial cultur...Mazu is the most famous goddess of canal transport in China,and one of the three folk beliefs in China.Japan is our neighbor across the sea.As early as 1000 years ago,Japan was influenced by the Mazu ceremonial culture.Through big data analysis,this study conducted database counting,screening,and analysis on the Mazu culture in Diaolong,the full-text database of Chinese and Japanese ancient books.Besides,it explored the hot topics of concern and emotional attitudes,and then analyzed the important role of Mazu culture in the cultural exchange and mutual learning between China and Japan in the new era,with a view to completing the contemporary task of“people-to-people bond”and achieving common development.展开更多
Substance use disorder has a damaging effect on the family members of alcoholics and drug users.On the other hand,the reactions and behaviours of family members may negatively influence a person with substance use dis...Substance use disorder has a damaging effect on the family members of alcoholics and drug users.On the other hand,the reactions and behaviours of family members may negatively influence a person with substance use disorder.The behaviours of significant others of a person with substance use disorder that contribute to the maintenance of substance use disorder are called enabling.This study aimed to explore enabling behaviours of wives of persons with substance use disorder in Chapter 8 of Alcoholic Anonymous’Big Book by utilising qualitative content analysis.Alcoholics Anonymous(AA)is one of the most commonly used programs for recovery from alcoholism.The current study sought to help mental health professionals get a better understanding of the views and premises of the AA program in reference to enabling behaviours of wives by conducting a qualitative content analysis of the AA Big Book.The study also discusses the healthy behaviours suggested by the authors of the Big Book and the comprehensiveness of the text for the readers.展开更多
基金the research results of Humanities and Social Science Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of P.R.China,titled“Research on the Books Publishing of Modern Chinese Library from the Perspective of Generalized Technology”(Project number:19YJA870014).
文摘Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.
文摘Background: Inadequate antenatal care, both in coverage and standard, has been linked with poor pregnancy outcomes. In a resource poor setting, home delivery is considered very cheap, but the possible outcome of such pregnancies has been a subject of interest. This study evaluated the association of booking status with pregnancy outcomes. Objectives: To examine the factors that influence booking and impact of the booking status on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective cohort study of 240 (120 booked and 120 un-booked) pregnant mothers selected through systematic random sampling. The study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria. Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.39 ± 5.05 years and 29.05 ± 6.36 years respectively for the booked and unbooked. Marital status (OR = 6.35, 95% CI = 1.24 - 32.59), educational status (OR = 36.40, 95% CI = 5.26-152.83), place of residence (OR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.06 - 0.41), partner’s support (OR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.37), family support (OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.13), mode of delivery (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12 - 0.46), APGAR score in first minute (OR = 6.02, 95% CI = 2.45 - 14.83) and NBICU admission (OR = 3.75, 95% CI = 1.67 - 8.43) were associated with booked status. However, being unmarried, nulliparity/grandmultiparity, low level of education, blue colar jobs, low income, rural dwelling and poor partner and poor family support were associated with the unbooked. The booked parturients had a better perinatal outcome compared the unbooked. Conclusion/Recommendation: There was high prevalence of operative deliveries, perinatal morbidity and mortality among the unbooked mothers. Girl child education, employment and poverty alleviation would improve antenatal care utilization.
基金This paper is one of the results of the research programs the author participated“Research on Primary School English Picture Book Reading Teaching Practice from the Perspective of Subject Core Literacy”(Grant Fund No.2022ZJY1214)the key project of the“14th Five-Year Plan”for Education Science in Guangxi in 2022.
文摘Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and thinking modes,which is valuable to improve their English reading literacy.However,at present,most Chinese pupils have some problems in English reading.The paper aims at analyzing the current problems in Chinese pupils’English reading and digging out the values and strategies of English picture book reading,so as to stimulate their reading interests,cultivate their intercultural awareness,and improve their English reading literacy.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of P.R.China,titled“Research on the Books Publishing of Modern Chinese Libraries from the Perspective of Generalized Technology”(Project No.19YJA870014).
文摘The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.
文摘The rapid development and popularization of Internet technology has provided important support for the informatization reform of various industries.University books and materials have the characteristics of large quantities and difficult storage and management.Its digital storage and management platform construction can effectively realize the digital storage and real-time retrieval of books and materials,and help students and teachers to find and use books and materials more quickly.Especially in recent years,with the update of intelligent platforms and other technologies,the resource-sharing platform of university books and materials can realize more convenient book information retrieval without the limitation of time and space.This paper mainly explores the optimization path and platform construction scheme of university libraries and information management under the background of the Internet,hoping to provide some theoretical references for university library managers.
文摘SNAPSHOTS OF NOTABLE BOOKS ON AFRICA.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora By ELIZABETH WAY Yale University Press.The author,Elizabeth Way,associate curator of costume at The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology,is the curator behind Africa’s Fashion Diaspora(2024).She has also curated several prominent exhibitions.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora is among the first books to delve into the vast influence of the African Diaspora on global fashion.
基金Phased Research Key Project of Shanghai China Vocational Education Association“Research on Digital Transformation Path of Vocational Education Driven by AIGC from the Perspective of New Quality Productivity”,Phased Research Project of Shanghai Computer Industry Association“The Reform and Exploration of Cross-border E-commerce Talent Cultivation in Vocational Colleges from the Perspective of Industry Education Integration”(Project No.sctakt202404)。
文摘This article takes the female community platform“Little Red Book”as an example to explore the optimization and innovation of mobile community e-commerce operation mode under Artificial Intelligence(AI)empowerment.Firstly,the relevant concepts were defined,and then the unique attributes of mobile community e-commerce were analyzed.As a typical representative of mobile community e-commerce,Little Red Book introduces the background and characteristics of its platform,analyzes its mobile community operation mode,and focuses on exploring how to establish a mobile community e-commerce platform and effective operation mode under the empowerment of AI technology,to provide some reference and inspiration for the development and operation of Little Red Book and other e-commerce platform enterprises.
文摘This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.
文摘As the demand for used books has grown in recent years,various online/offline market platforms have emerged to support the trade in used books.The price of used books can depend on various factors,such as the state of preservation(i.e.,condition),the value of possession,and so on.Therefore,some online platforms provide a reference document to evaluate the condition of used books,but it is still not trivial for individual sellers to determine the price.The lack of a standard quantitative method to assess the condition of the used book would confuse both sellers and consumers,thereby decreasing the user experience of the online secondhand marketplace.Therefore,this paper discusses the automatic examination of the condition of used books based on deep learning approaches.In this work,we present a book damage detection system based on various You Only Look Once(YOLO)object detection models.Using YOLOv5,YOLOR,and YOLOX,we also introduce various training configurations that can be applied to improve performance.Specifically,a combination of different augmentation strategies including flip,rotation,crop,mosaic,and mixup was used for comparison.To train and validate our system,a book damage dataset composed of a total of 620 book images with 3,989 annotations,containing six types of damages(i.e.,Wear,Spot,Notch,Barcode,Tag,and Ripped),collected from the library books is presented.We evaluated each model trained with different configurations to figure out their detection accuracy as well as training efficiency.The experimental results showed that YOLOX trained with its best training configuration yielded the best performance in terms of detection accuracy,by achieving 60.0%(mAP@.5:.95)and 72.9%(mAP@.5)for book damage detection.However,YOLOX performed worst in terms of training efficiency,indicating that there is a trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.Based on the findings from the study,we discuss the feasibility and limitations of our system and future research directions.
基金This work was partly supported by the Basic Ability Improvement Project for Young andMiddle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Colleges andUniversities(2021KY1800,2021KY1804).
文摘The traditional recommendation algorithm represented by the collaborative filtering algorithm is the most classical and widely recommended algorithm in the practical industry.Most book recommendation systems also use this algorithm.However,the traditional recommendation algorithm represented by the collaborative filtering algorithm cannot deal with the data sparsity well.This algorithm only uses the shallow feature design of the interaction between readers and books,so it fails to achieve the high-level abstract learning of the relevant attribute features of readers and books,leading to a decline in recommendation performance.Given the above problems,this study uses deep learning technology to model readers’book borrowing probability.It builds a recommendation system model through themulti-layer neural network and inputs the features extracted from readers and books into the network,and then profoundly integrates the features of readers and books through the multi-layer neural network.The hidden deep interaction between readers and books is explored accordingly.Thus,the quality of book recommendation performance will be significantly improved.In the experiment,the evaluation indexes ofHR@10,MRR,andNDCGof the deep neural network recommendation model constructed in this paper are higher than those of the traditional recommendation algorithm,which verifies the effectiveness of the model in the book recommendation.
文摘Interpretation(I)of the Supreme People’s Court of Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases allows for the application of pertinent laws and regulations,including the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as the“Civil Code”),in labor dispute cases.This has resolved the controversy over the relationship between civil law and labor law in academic and practical communities.In view of this development,we examined four hundred judicial documents,analyzing the focal points of disputes,the reasoning behind judgments,applicable laws,and judgment results.Our study identified seven impacts of the Contract Book of the Civil Code on labor dispute trial practices,exploring the underlying logic behind these changes and proposing policy suggestions to promote consistent judgments across jurisdictions,enhance judicial credibility,and encourage employers to govern enterprises in compliance with the law while empowering employees to safeguard their rights in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
基金financed by the grant from the National Social Science Fund of China(No.18ZDA175)Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(No.20YJC770021)。
文摘Copying,compiling,publishing,disseminating,and referencing anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were common activities during the outbreak of epidemics in the Qing dynasty.Its emergence,motivated by epidemic disease again and again,was important component parts of epidemic prevention and control.They played a unique role as media on affairs such as treating patients suffering from infectious diseases,mobilizing peoples to make contributions to anti-epidemic activities,integrating and popularizing knowledge of epidemic prevention.Anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were important to link peoples,things,and substances related with epidemic prevention and control,and were a kind of motivation to actively deal with the infectious disease,control the epidemic,and maintain health.Compared to other common measures,anti-epidemic books of medical formularies participated in many prevention and control practices deeply,which actually built a low cost,spontaneous,dispersed and non-institutional system to respond to epidemic,and the system had characteristics of stronger conductibility,bigger coverage area,and better external benefits.
文摘Mazu is the most famous goddess of canal transport in China,and one of the three folk beliefs in China.Japan is our neighbor across the sea.As early as 1000 years ago,Japan was influenced by the Mazu ceremonial culture.Through big data analysis,this study conducted database counting,screening,and analysis on the Mazu culture in Diaolong,the full-text database of Chinese and Japanese ancient books.Besides,it explored the hot topics of concern and emotional attitudes,and then analyzed the important role of Mazu culture in the cultural exchange and mutual learning between China and Japan in the new era,with a view to completing the contemporary task of“people-to-people bond”and achieving common development.
文摘Substance use disorder has a damaging effect on the family members of alcoholics and drug users.On the other hand,the reactions and behaviours of family members may negatively influence a person with substance use disorder.The behaviours of significant others of a person with substance use disorder that contribute to the maintenance of substance use disorder are called enabling.This study aimed to explore enabling behaviours of wives of persons with substance use disorder in Chapter 8 of Alcoholic Anonymous’Big Book by utilising qualitative content analysis.Alcoholics Anonymous(AA)is one of the most commonly used programs for recovery from alcoholism.The current study sought to help mental health professionals get a better understanding of the views and premises of the AA program in reference to enabling behaviours of wives by conducting a qualitative content analysis of the AA Big Book.The study also discusses the healthy behaviours suggested by the authors of the Big Book and the comprehensiveness of the text for the readers.