Determining Hubbard U of VO_(2) by the quasi-harmonic approximation

Vanadium dioxide VO_(2) is a strongly correlated material that undergoes a metal-to-insulator transition around 340 K.In order to describe the electron correlation effects in VO_(2), the DFT+U method is commonly employed in calculations.However, the choice of the Hubbard U parameter has been a subject of debate and its value has been reported over a wide range. In this paper, taking focus on the phase transition behavior of VO_(2), the Hubbard U parameter for vanadium oxide is determined by using the quasi-harmonic approximation(QHA). First-principles calculations demonstrate that the phase transition temperature can be modulated by varying the U values. The phase transition temperature can be well reproduced by the calculations using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof functional combined with the U parameter of 1.5eV. Additionally,the calculated band structure, insulating or metallic properties, and phonon dispersion with this U value are in line with experimental observations. By employing the QHA to determine the Hubbard U parameter, this study provides valuable insights into the phase transition behavior of VO_(2). The findings highlight the importance of electron correlation effects in accurately describing the properties of this material. The agreement between the calculated results and experimental observations further validates the chosen U value and supports the use of the DFT+U method in studying VO_(2).

Saddlepoint Approximation Method in Reliability Analysis:A Review

The escalating need for reliability analysis(RA)and reliability-based design optimization(RBDO)within engineering challenges has prompted the advancement of saddlepoint approximationmethods(SAM)tailored for such problems.This article offers a detailed overview of the general SAM and summarizes the method characteristics first.Subsequently,recent enhancements in the SAM theoretical framework are assessed.Notably,the mean value first-order saddlepoint approximation(MVFOSA)bears resemblance to the conceptual framework of the mean value second-order saddlepoint approximation(MVSOSA);the latter serves as an auxiliary approach to the former.Their distinction is rooted in the varying expansion orders of the performance function as implemented through the Taylor method.Both the saddlepoint approximation and third-moment(SATM)and saddlepoint approximation and fourth-moment(SAFM)strategies model the cumulant generating function(CGF)by leveraging the initial random moments of the function.Although their optimal application domains diverge,each method consistently ensures superior relative precision,enhanced efficiency,and sustained stability.Every method elucidated is exemplified through pertinent RA or RBDO scenarios.By juxtaposing them against alternative strategies,the efficacy of these methods becomes evident.The outcomes proffered are subsequently employed as a foundation for contemplating prospective theoretical and practical research endeavors concerning SAMs.The main purpose and value of this article is to review the SAM and reliability-related issues,which can provide some reference and inspiration for future research scholars in this field.

Relaxed Stability Criteria for Time-Delay Systems:A Novel Quadratic Function Convex Approximation Approach

This paper develops a quadratic function convex approximation approach to deal with the negative definite problem of the quadratic function induced by stability analysis of linear systems with time-varying delays.By introducing two adjustable parameters and two free variables,a novel convex function greater than or equal to the quadratic function is constructed,regardless of the sign of the coefficient in the quadratic term.The developed lemma can also be degenerated into the existing quadratic function negative-determination(QFND)lemma and relaxed QFND lemma respectively,by setting two adjustable parameters and two free variables as some particular values.Moreover,for a linear system with time-varying delays,a relaxed stability criterion is established via our developed lemma,together with the quivalent reciprocal combination technique and the Bessel-Legendre inequality.As a result,the conservatism can be reduced via the proposed approach in the context of constructing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals for the stability analysis of linear time-varying delay systems.Finally,the superiority of our results is illustrated through three numerical examples.

An Overview of Sequential Approximation in Topology Optimization of Continuum Structure

This paper offers an extensive overview of the utilization of sequential approximate optimization approaches in the context of numerically simulated large-scale continuum structures.These structures,commonly encountered in engineering applications,often involve complex objective and constraint functions that cannot be readily expressed as explicit functions of the design variables.As a result,sequential approximation techniques have emerged as the preferred strategy for addressing a wide array of topology optimization challenges.Over the past several decades,topology optimization methods have been advanced remarkably and successfully applied to solve engineering problems incorporating diverse physical backgrounds.In comparison to the large-scale equation solution,sensitivity analysis,graphics post-processing,etc.,the progress of the sequential approximation functions and their corresponding optimizersmake sluggish progress.Researchers,particularly novices,pay special attention to their difficulties with a particular problem.Thus,this paper provides an overview of sequential approximation functions,related literature on topology optimization methods,and their applications.Starting from optimality criteria and sequential linear programming,the other sequential approximate optimizations are introduced by employing Taylor expansion and intervening variables.In addition,recent advancements have led to the emergence of approaches such as Augmented Lagrange,sequential approximate integer,and non-gradient approximation are also introduced.By highlighting real-world applications and case studies,the paper not only demonstrates the practical relevance of these methods but also underscores the need for continued exploration in this area.Furthermore,to provide a comprehensive overview,this paper offers several novel developments that aim to illuminate potential directions for future research.

Integrating a novel irrigation approximation method with a process-based remote sensing model to estimate multi-years'winter wheat yield over the North China Plain

Accurate estimation of regional winter wheat yields is essential for understanding the food production status and ensuring national food security.However,using the existing remote sensing-based crop yield models to accurately reproduce the inter-annual and spatial variations in winter wheat yields remains challenging due to the limited ability to acquire irrigation information in water-limited regions.Thus,we proposed a new approach to approximating irrigations of winter wheat over the North China Plain(NCP),where irrigation occurs extensively during the winter wheat growing season.This approach used irrigation pattern parameters(IPPs)to define the irrigation frequency and timing.Then,they were incorporated into a newly-developed process-based and remote sensing-driven crop yield model for winter wheat(PRYM–Wheat),to improve the regional estimates of winter wheat over the NCP.The IPPs were determined using statistical yield data of reference years(2010–2015)over the NCP.Our findings showed that PRYM–Wheat with the optimal IPPs could improve the regional estimate of winter wheat yield,with an increase and decrease in the correlation coefficient(R)and root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.15(about 37%)and 0.90 t ha–1(about 41%),respectively.The data in validation years(2001–2009 and 2016–2019)were used to validate PRYM–Wheat.In addition,our findings also showed R(RMSE)of 0.80(0.62 t ha–1)on a site level,0.61(0.91 t ha–1)for Hebei Province on a county level,0.73(0.97 t ha–1)for Henan Province on a county level,and 0.55(0.75 t ha–1)for Shandong Province on a city level.Overall,PRYM–Wheat can offer a stable and robust approach to estimating regional winter wheat yield across multiple years,providing a scientific basis for ensuring regional food security.

Formalism of rotating-wave approximation in high-spin system with quadrupole interaction

We investigate the rotating wave approximation applied in the high-spin quantum system driven by a linearly polarized alternating magnetic field in the presence of quadrupole interactions.The conventional way to apply the rotating wave approximation in a driven high-spin system is to assume the dynamics being restricted in the reduced Hilbert space.However,when the driving strength is relatively strong or the driving is off resonant,the leakage from the target resonance subspace cannot be neglected for a multi-level quantum system.We propose the correct formalism to apply the rotating wave approximation in the full Hilbert space by taking this leakage into account.By estimating the operator fidelity of the time propagator,our formalism applied in the full Hilbert space unambiguously manifests great advantages over the conventional method applied in the reduced Hilbert space.

Cyclic Solution and Optimal Approximation of the Quaternion Stein Equation

In this paper, two different methods are used to study the cyclic structure solution and the optimal approximation of the quaternion Stein equation AXB - X = F . Firstly, the matrix equation equivalent to the target structure matrix is constructed by using the complex decomposition of the quaternion matrix, to obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the cyclic solution of the equation and the expression of the general solution. Secondly, the Stein equation is converted into the Sylvester equation by adding the necessary parameters, and the condition for the existence of a cyclic solution and the expression of the equation’s solution are then obtained by using the real decomposition of the quaternion matrix and the Kronecker product of the matrix. At the same time, under the condition that the solution set is non-empty, the optimal approximation solution to the given quaternion circulant matrix is obtained by using the property of Frobenius norm property. Numerical examples are given to verify the correctness of the theoretical results and the feasibility of the proposed method. .

MEAN APPROXIMATION BY DILATATIONS IN BERGMAN SPACES ON THE UPPER HALF-PLANE

We study sufficient conditions on radial and non-radial weight functions on the upper half-plane that guarantee norm approximation of functions in weighted Bergman,weighted Dirichlet,and weighted Besov spaces on the upper half-plane by dilatations and eventually by analytic polynomials.

Radial Basis Approximations Based BEMD for Enhancement of Non-Uniform Illumination Images

An image can be degraded due to many environmental factors like foggy or hazy weather,low light conditions,extra light conditions etc.Image captured under the poor light conditions is generally known as non-uniform illumination image.Non-uniform illumination hides some important information present in an image during the image capture Also,it degrades the visual quality of image which generates the need for enhancement of such images.Various techniques have been present in literature for the enhancement of such type of images.In this paper,a novel architecture has been proposed for enhancement of poor illumination images which uses radial basis approximations based BEMD(Bi-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition).The enhancement algorithm is applied on intensity and saturation components of image.Firstly,intensity component has been decomposed into various bi-dimensional intrinsic mode function and residue by using sifting algorithm.Secondly,some linear transformations techniques have been applied on various bidimensional intrinsic modes obtained and residue and further on joining the transformed modes with residue,enhanced intensity component is obtained.Saturation part of an image is then enhanced in accordance to the enhanced intensity component.Final enhanced image can be obtained by joining the hue,enhanced intensity and enhanced saturation parts of the given image.The proposed algorithm will not only give the visual pleasant image but maintains the naturalness of image also.

Approximations by Ideal Minimal Structure with Chemical Application

The theory of rough set represents a non-statistical methodology for analyzing ambiguity and imprecise information.It can be characterized by two crisp sets,named the upper and lower approximations that are used to determine the boundary region and accurate measure of any subset.This article endeavors to achieve the best approximation and the highest accuracy degree by using the minimal structure approximation space MSAS via ideal J.The novel approach(indicated by JMSAS)modifies the approximation space to diminish the bound-ary region and enhance the measure of accuracy.The suggested method is more accurate than Pawlak’s and EL-Sharkasy techniques.Via illustrated examples,several remarkable results using these notions are obtained and some of their properties are established.Several sorts of near open(resp.closed)sets based on JMSAS are studied.Furthermore,the connections between these assorted kinds of near-open sets in JMSAS are deduced.The advantages and disadvan-tages of the proposed approach compared to previous ones are examined.An algorithm using MATLAB and a framework for decision-making problems are verified.Finally,the chemical application for the classification of amino acids(AAs)is treated to highlight the significance of applying the suggested approximation.

THE REGULARIZED SOLUTION APPROXIMATION OF FORWARD/BACKWARD PROBLEMS FOR A FRACTIONAL PSEUDO-PARABOLIC EQUATION WITH RANDOM NOISE

This paper deals with the forward and backward problems for the nonlinear fractional pseudo-parabolic equation ut+(-Δ)^(s1)ut+β(-Δ)^(s2)u=F(u,x,t)subject o random Gaussian white noise for initial and final data.Under the suitable assumptions s1,s2andβ,we first show the ill-posedness of mild solutions for forward and backward problems in the sense of Hadamard,which are mainly driven by random noise.Moreover,we propose the Fourier truncation method for stabilizing the above ill-posed problems.We derive an error estimate between the exact solution and its regularized solution in an E‖·‖Hs22norm,and give some numerical examples illustrating the effect of above method.

An Uncertainty Analysis and Reliability-Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Method Using Fourth-Moment Saddlepoint Approximation

In uncertainty analysis and reliability-based multidisciplinary design and optimization(RBMDO)of engineering structures,the saddlepoint approximation(SA)method can be utilized to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of reliability evaluation.However,the random variables involved in SA should be easy to handle.Additionally,the corresponding saddlepoint equation should not be complicated.Both of them limit the application of SA for engineering problems.The moment method can construct an approximate cumulative distribution function of the performance function based on the first few statistical moments.However,the traditional moment matching method is not very accurate generally.In order to take advantage of the SA method and the moment matching method to enhance the efficiency of design and optimization,a fourth-moment saddlepoint approximation(FMSA)method is introduced into RBMDO.In FMSA,the approximate cumulative generating functions are constructed based on the first four moments of the limit state function.The probability density function and cumulative distribution function are estimated based on this approximate cumulative generating function.Furthermore,the FMSA method is introduced and combined into RBMDO within the framework of sequence optimization and reliability assessment,which is based on the performance measure approach strategy.Two engineering examples are introduced to verify the effectiveness of proposed method.

A 5MS/s 12-Bit Successive Approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter

With the continuous development of science and technology, digital signal processing is more and more widely used in various fields. Among them, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the key components to convert analog signals to digital signals. As a common type of ADC, 12-bit sequential approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) has attracted extensive attention for its performance and application. This paper aims to conduct in-depth research and analysis of 12-bit SAR ADC to meet the growing demands of digital signal processing. This article designs a 12-bit, successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with a sampling rate of 5 MS/s. The overall circuit adopts a fully differential structure, with key modules including DAC capacitor array, comparator, and control logic. According to the DAC circuit in this paper, a fully differential capacitor DAC array structure is proposed to reduce the area of layout DAC. The comparator uses a digital dynamic comparator to improve the ADC conversion speed. The chip is designed based on the SMIC180 nm CMOS process. The simulation results show that when the sampling rate is 5 MS/s, the effective bit of SAR ADC is 11.92 bit, the SNR is 74.62 dB, and the SFDR is 89.24 dB.

Improved QoS-Secure Routing in MANET Using Real-Time Regional ME Feature Approximation

Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)routing problems are thoroughly studied several approaches are identified in support of MANET.Improve the Quality of Service(QoS)performance of MANET is achieving higher performance.To reduce this drawback,this paper proposes a new secure routing algorithm based on real-time partial ME(Mobility,energy)approximation.The routing method RRME(Real-time Regional Mobility Energy)divides the whole network into several parts,and each node’s various characteristics like mobility and energy are randomly selected neighbors accordingly.It is done in the path discovery phase,estimated to identify and remove malicious nodes.In addition,Trusted Forwarding Factor(TFF)calculates the various nodes based on historical records and other characteristics of multiple nodes.Similarly,the calculated QoS Support Factor(QoSSF)calculating by the Data Forwarding Support(DFS),Throughput Support(TS),and Lifetime Maximization Support(LMS)to any given path.One route was found to implement the path of maximizing MANET QoS based on QoSSF value.Hence the proposed technique produces the QoS based on real-time regional ME feature approximation.The proposed simulation implementation is done by the Network Simulator version 2(NS2)tool to produce better performance than other methods.It achieved a throughput performance had 98.5%and a routing performance had 98.2%.

类氦C离子诱发不同金属厚靶原子的K-X射线

利用中国原子能科学研究院HI-13MV串列加速器上提供的动能为15—55 MeV的类氦C离子分别轰击Fe,Ni,Nb和Mo金属厚靶,采用HpGe探测器测量了K-X射线,获得了相应的K-X射线的发射截面.本文中由于各个靶原子外壳层电离度的不同,类氦C离子与Fe,Ni靶原子相互作用发射的K_(β)与K_(α)X射线的分支强度比随入射离子动能增加而减小,而Nb,Mo靶原子发射的K-X射线分支强度比变化不明显.利用厚靶截面公式计算了靶原子K-X射线的发射截面,并与不同的理论模型及质子的结果进行了对比.结果表明随类氦C离子动能的增大,Fe,Ni靶原子发射的K_(β)与K_(α)X射线的总产生截面与考虑多电离的两体碰撞近似修正模型最为符合Nb,Mo靶原子发射的K_(β)与K_(α)X射线的总产生截面与平面波恩近似模型的理论值最为接近.质子与单核子C离子能量相同时,质子比类氦C离子激发不同靶的K-X射线产生截面约小3个数量级.

新能源电力系统不确定优化调度方法研究现状及展望

风电场和光伏电站出力的不确定性给电力系统优化调度带来很大技术挑战。文中主要介绍了考虑新能源不确定性的电力系统优化调度方法的研究现状及后续研究方向展望。首先,重点论述了各种不确定优化调度(UOD)方法,包括随机优化方法、鲁棒优化方法、随机鲁棒优化结合方法和基于人工智能技术的方法。其中,随机优化方法包括场景法、机会约束规划法和近似动态规划法;鲁棒优化方法包括传统鲁棒优化法和分布鲁棒优化法;随机鲁棒优化结合方法包括采样鲁棒优化法和分布鲁棒机会约束规划法。然后,介绍了每一种方法的优化模型形式、模型的转化和求解原理及其优缺点。最后,对UOD的后续重点研究方向进行展望,包括兼顾多个目标的UOD问题及多目标不确定优化方法、输配系统UOD问题及分布式不确定优化方法、考虑稳定性约束的UOD问题及含常微分方程约束的不确定优化方法、考虑管道传输动态的综合能源系统UOD问题及含偏微分方程约束的不确定优化方法。

曲线曲面局部最小二乘渐进迭代逼近

作为一种有效的大数据拟合方法,曲线曲面最小二乘渐进迭代逼近方法(LSPIA)吸引了众多研究者的关注,并获得了广泛的应用。针对LSPIA算法拟合局部数据点效果较差的问题,提出了一种局部的LSPIA算法,称为LOCAL-LSPIA。首先,给定初始曲线(曲面)并从给定的数据点中选择部分数据点;然后在初始曲线(曲面)上选择需要调整的控制点;最后,LOCAL-LSPIA通过迭代调整这一部分控制点来生成一系列局部变化的拟合曲线(曲面),并且保证生成的曲线(曲面)的极限是在仅调整这部分控制点的情况下拟合部分数据点的最小二乘结果。在多个曲线曲面拟合上的实验结果表明,为达到相同的拟合精度,LOCAL-LSPIA算法比LSPIA算法需要的步骤和运算时间更少。因此,LOCAL-LSPIA是有效的,而且在拟合局部数据的情况下比LSPIA算法的收敛速度更快。

考虑乘客感知效用的出租车停靠站选址模型

为了解决城市出租车停靠站布局的合理性问题,对出租车GPS数据进行处理并将乘客出行需求点进行聚类,得到出租车停靠站备选点以及乘客出行需求点。基于出租车停靠站服务能力和距离影响因素,结合竞争选址理论构建出租车停靠站对乘客的感知效用函数。在此基础上,以覆盖乘客出行需求量最大为目标,建立考虑乘客感知效用的出租车停靠站选址模型,以确定出租车停靠站的最佳位置。根据问题特征设计近似算法A进行求解,在求解大规模算例时,与遗传算法、萤火虫算法相比,近似算法求解精度提高0.91%,求解时间降低约97%。以西安市莲湖区局部区域为例进行实例分析,算法求解近似比为1.64,说明算法的实际使用效果较好。

量子近似优化算法在数字分区问题中的应用

量子近似优化算法(QAOA)是一种近似求解组合优化问题的方法,它通过反复调整电路参数,以获取问题哈密顿量的最大期望值为目的来解决问题,在组合优化问题领域具有广阔的应用前景。将QAOA应用于数字分区问题(二分区问题),通过将问题函数转换成对应的哈密顿量,构造了量子线路,采用线性近似约束优化(COBYLA)方法对电路参数进行了优化,并使用IBMQ模拟平台进行了模拟实验。研究发现量子近似优化算法在数字分区问题中有着良好的性能表现,可在多项式时间内给出问题的解,并且降低了问题的时间复杂度。

基于RSMA的无线光通信中预编码与功率分配研究

【目的】针对无线光通信(OWC)系统中应用速率分拆接入(RSMA)技术的资源分配问题,提出一种基于线性逼近的联合预编码矩阵和速率分配算法,以提高系统的可靠性和性能。【方法】采用变量转换和线性逼近的方法将非凸分阶函数转化为凸函数。通过联合预编码矩阵和速率分配算法,有效地分配系统资源,提高系统性能。为了求解最优解,采用连续迭代算法进行优化。【结果】仿真结果表明,文章所提出的联合优化方案显著降低了系统中断概率,并具有快速的收敛速率。这意味着所提方案能够在基于RSMA的OWC(RSMA⁃OWC)系统中提供更可靠和高效的通信性能。【结论】文章所提方案为OWC系统中的RSMA技术提供了有效的资源分配方法,提高了系统的可靠性和性能。进一步的研究应聚焦于RSMA⁃OWC系统的中断概率问题以及资源分配、预编码设计和应用扩展等方面的挑战。该研究为推动RSMA技术在OWC领域的应用和发展提供了有价值的参考。