[Objective]The paper was to provide reference for further study and development of gayal（Bos frontalis）.[Method]According to the research status at home and abroad,the biological characteristics and rumen microorgan...[Objective]The paper was to provide reference for further study and development of gayal（Bos frontalis）.[Method]According to the research status at home and abroad,the biological characteristics and rumen microorganisms of gayal in Yunnan Province was studied.[Result]Gayal in Yunnan had typical body form and very good meat production performance,its muscle fiber diameter was significantly less than other kinds of cattle;the water holding ratio,muscle tenderness and muscle succulency were significantly higher than others;its amount,shape and structure of chromosome were different from yellow cattle（Bos taurus）and wild cattle（Bos gaurus）,and the amounts of those chromosomes（2n）were 58,60 and 56,respectively.It could create hybrid with yellow cattle;the gayal＇s special diet was bamboo,its in vitro dry matter digestibility（IVDMD）on various crude forage was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan;the viable bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in rumen were 4.51×109 and 1.63×109 CFU/ml,which was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan,its dominant bacteria in rumen mainly was cellulolytic bacteria.[Conclusion]Gayal not only had high academic value,but also had a great development value.展开更多
[目的]本文旨在研究超高压协同温度处理对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性和二级结构的影响。[方法]采用间接竞争ELISA和圆二色光谱方法,研究在25、40和55℃条件下,100、200、300、400、500和600 MPa压力分别处理10 min对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性及二...[目的]本文旨在研究超高压协同温度处理对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性和二级结构的影响。[方法]采用间接竞争ELISA和圆二色光谱方法,研究在25、40和55℃条件下,100、200、300、400、500和600 MPa压力分别处理10 min对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性及二级结构的影响,并分析过敏原抗原性与其二级结构中α-螺旋的相关性。[结果]超高压处理能有效降低过敏原Bos d 6的抗原性及其二级结构中α-螺旋含量;随着处理温度的增加,过敏原抗原性和α-螺旋含量的降低幅度明显;超高压协同温度处理后过敏原Bos d 6抗原性与α-螺旋含量呈明显的正相关性。[结论]超高压协同温度处理技术可以通过改变过敏原Bos d 6蛋白质的空间构象来达到降低其抗原性的目的。展开更多
With the aim of evaluating how changes in the metabolic status in the last month of pregnancy affects reproductive efficiency, forty six Bos indicus multiparous cows (5.5 ± 2.4 parturitions), were used. Measureme...With the aim of evaluating how changes in the metabolic status in the last month of pregnancy affects reproductive efficiency, forty six Bos indicus multiparous cows (5.5 ± 2.4 parturitions), were used. Measurements of body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS) and dorsal back fat (BF) were taken in the last month of pregnancy, postpartum period previous to synchronization (average 50 d) and at breeding by natural mating following synchronization with a progestin (average 70 d). Average postpartum days to resumption to ovarian activity were 79.96 ± 16.5 d, and average postpartum days to conception was 88.5 ± 14 d. Days postpartum to resumption of the ovarian activity was positively correlated (0.51, P 0.01) with days postpartum to conception, also, days postpartum to conception was positively correlated with prepartum back fat (14 d before parturition) (0.44, P 0.05). It was observed that BF at calving which is an objective measurement had a low correlation with other productive variables such as BCS and BW (always less than 0.39). Body fat might be a more reliable indicator of the current metabolic status of the animal particularly in the last month of pregnancy when the indicators of BCS are somehow more difficult to interpret and subjective.展开更多
A schlieren detection algorithm is proposed for the ground-to-air background oriented schlieren(BOS) system to achieve high-speed airplane shock waves visualization. The proposed method consists of three steps. Firstl...A schlieren detection algorithm is proposed for the ground-to-air background oriented schlieren(BOS) system to achieve high-speed airplane shock waves visualization. The proposed method consists of three steps. Firstly, image registration is incorporated for reducing errors caused by the camera motion.Then, the background subtraction dual-model single Gaussian model(BS-DSGM) is proposed to build a precise background model. The BS-DSGM could prevent the background model from being contaminated by the shock waves. Finally, the twodimensional orthogonal discrete wavelet transformation is used to extract schlieren information and averaging schlieren data. Experimental results show our proposed algorithm is able to detect the aircraft in-flight and to extract the schlieren information. The precision of schlieren detection algorithm is 0.96. Three image quality evaluation indices are chosen for quantitative analysis of the shock waves visualization. The white Gaussian noise is added in the frames to validate the robustness of the proposed algorithm.Moreover, we adopt two times and four times down sampling to simulate different imaging distances for revealing how the imaging distance affects the schlieren information in the BOS system.展开更多
Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such a...Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such as cold tolerance and insect resistance. In this study, the first complete mitochondrial genome of Qaidam cattle was reported. The circular double-stranded genome is 16 340 bp in size, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition is 33.4% A, 27.2% T, 26.0% C and 13.4% G, with a total A +T content of60.6%. The gene order and composition are similar to those of other B. taurus breeds. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that Qaidam cattle was split as an independent clade and nested within Asian cattle breeds.展开更多
The rapid pace of development of GIS （geographical information system） has assisted in identification of conservation priority sites by delineating species distribution using models on habitat suitability. Gaur, Bos...The rapid pace of development of GIS （geographical information system） has assisted in identification of conservation priority sites by delineating species distribution using models on habitat suitability. Gaur, Bos gaurus, is categorized as ＂Vulnerable＂ in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2009. The study has used ENFA （ecological niche factor analysis） to understand the distribution status of Gaur in TATR （Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve）, Central India. TATR was sampled using stratified random sampling strategy. A total of 21 continuous variables were used, categorised under 4 environmental descriptors categories viz. habitat, anthropogenic, topographic and hydrological variables. All the variables were tested for the correlation and one of the variable among strongly correlated （r 〉 0.7） variables was discarded to avoid redundancy. A total of 14 variables were retained. The model resulted in marginality of 0.56 and specialization of 2.608. Presence of Gaur showed the positive association with canopy density classes （〈 30% ＆ 40-60%） and open forest. However, it was negatively associated with elevation, non-forest, riparian forest, scrub and teak forest. The study has delineated the areas where appropriate habitat conditions exist to sustain Gaur populations vital for planning strategies for conservation of this megaherbivore species in tropical forests.展开更多
On January 17,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the Association of Bosnia-China Friendship co-hosted the webinar themed New Vision of China-Bosnia and Herzegovina Cooperation and Role o...On January 17,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the Association of Bosnia-China Friendship co-hosted the webinar themed New Vision of China-Bosnia and Herzegovina Cooperation and Role of Civil Society.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30960256,31060314)Project of Yunnan Education Department(V09Y0202)~~
文摘[Objective]The paper was to provide reference for further study and development of gayal（Bos frontalis）.[Method]According to the research status at home and abroad,the biological characteristics and rumen microorganisms of gayal in Yunnan Province was studied.[Result]Gayal in Yunnan had typical body form and very good meat production performance,its muscle fiber diameter was significantly less than other kinds of cattle;the water holding ratio,muscle tenderness and muscle succulency were significantly higher than others;its amount,shape and structure of chromosome were different from yellow cattle（Bos taurus）and wild cattle（Bos gaurus）,and the amounts of those chromosomes（2n）were 58,60 and 56,respectively.It could create hybrid with yellow cattle;the gayal＇s special diet was bamboo,its in vitro dry matter digestibility（IVDMD）on various crude forage was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan;the viable bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in rumen were 4.51×109 and 1.63×109 CFU/ml,which was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan,its dominant bacteria in rumen mainly was cellulolytic bacteria.[Conclusion]Gayal not only had high academic value,but also had a great development value.
文摘[目的]本文旨在研究超高压协同温度处理对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性和二级结构的影响。[方法]采用间接竞争ELISA和圆二色光谱方法,研究在25、40和55℃条件下,100、200、300、400、500和600 MPa压力分别处理10 min对过敏原Bos d 6抗原性及二级结构的影响,并分析过敏原抗原性与其二级结构中α-螺旋的相关性。[结果]超高压处理能有效降低过敏原Bos d 6的抗原性及其二级结构中α-螺旋含量;随着处理温度的增加,过敏原抗原性和α-螺旋含量的降低幅度明显;超高压协同温度处理后过敏原Bos d 6抗原性与α-螺旋含量呈明显的正相关性。[结论]超高压协同温度处理技术可以通过改变过敏原Bos d 6蛋白质的空间构象来达到降低其抗原性的目的。
文摘With the aim of evaluating how changes in the metabolic status in the last month of pregnancy affects reproductive efficiency, forty six Bos indicus multiparous cows (5.5 ± 2.4 parturitions), were used. Measurements of body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS) and dorsal back fat (BF) were taken in the last month of pregnancy, postpartum period previous to synchronization (average 50 d) and at breeding by natural mating following synchronization with a progestin (average 70 d). Average postpartum days to resumption to ovarian activity were 79.96 ± 16.5 d, and average postpartum days to conception was 88.5 ± 14 d. Days postpartum to resumption of the ovarian activity was positively correlated (0.51, P 0.01) with days postpartum to conception, also, days postpartum to conception was positively correlated with prepartum back fat (14 d before parturition) (0.44, P 0.05). It was observed that BF at calving which is an objective measurement had a low correlation with other productive variables such as BCS and BW (always less than 0.39). Body fat might be a more reliable indicator of the current metabolic status of the animal particularly in the last month of pregnancy when the indicators of BCS are somehow more difficult to interpret and subjective.
文摘A schlieren detection algorithm is proposed for the ground-to-air background oriented schlieren(BOS) system to achieve high-speed airplane shock waves visualization. The proposed method consists of three steps. Firstly, image registration is incorporated for reducing errors caused by the camera motion.Then, the background subtraction dual-model single Gaussian model(BS-DSGM) is proposed to build a precise background model. The BS-DSGM could prevent the background model from being contaminated by the shock waves. Finally, the twodimensional orthogonal discrete wavelet transformation is used to extract schlieren information and averaging schlieren data. Experimental results show our proposed algorithm is able to detect the aircraft in-flight and to extract the schlieren information. The precision of schlieren detection algorithm is 0.96. Three image quality evaluation indices are chosen for quantitative analysis of the shock waves visualization. The white Gaussian noise is added in the frames to validate the robustness of the proposed algorithm.Moreover, we adopt two times and four times down sampling to simulate different imaging distances for revealing how the imaging distance affects the schlieren information in the BOS system.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System(CARS-37)Science and Technology Support Projects in Gansu Province(1504NKCA052)+1 种基金Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-LIHPS-01)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610322016006)
文摘Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such as cold tolerance and insect resistance. In this study, the first complete mitochondrial genome of Qaidam cattle was reported. The circular double-stranded genome is 16 340 bp in size, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition is 33.4% A, 27.2% T, 26.0% C and 13.4% G, with a total A +T content of60.6%. The gene order and composition are similar to those of other B. taurus breeds. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that Qaidam cattle was split as an independent clade and nested within Asian cattle breeds.
文摘The rapid pace of development of GIS （geographical information system） has assisted in identification of conservation priority sites by delineating species distribution using models on habitat suitability. Gaur, Bos gaurus, is categorized as ＂Vulnerable＂ in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2009. The study has used ENFA （ecological niche factor analysis） to understand the distribution status of Gaur in TATR （Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve）, Central India. TATR was sampled using stratified random sampling strategy. A total of 21 continuous variables were used, categorised under 4 environmental descriptors categories viz. habitat, anthropogenic, topographic and hydrological variables. All the variables were tested for the correlation and one of the variable among strongly correlated （r 〉 0.7） variables was discarded to avoid redundancy. A total of 14 variables were retained. The model resulted in marginality of 0.56 and specialization of 2.608. Presence of Gaur showed the positive association with canopy density classes （〈 30% ＆ 40-60%） and open forest. However, it was negatively associated with elevation, non-forest, riparian forest, scrub and teak forest. The study has delineated the areas where appropriate habitat conditions exist to sustain Gaur populations vital for planning strategies for conservation of this megaherbivore species in tropical forests.
文摘On January 17,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the Association of Bosnia-China Friendship co-hosted the webinar themed New Vision of China-Bosnia and Herzegovina Cooperation and Role of Civil Society.
