Assessment of functional prognosis of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in athletes based on a body shape index

BACKGROUND A healthy body shape is essential to maintain athletes’sports level.At present,little is known about the effect of athletes’body shape on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Moreover,the relationship between body shape and variables such as knee joint function after operation and return to the field has not been well studied.AIM To verify the relationship between a body shape index(ABSI)and the functional prognosis of the knee after ACLR in athletes with ACL injuries.METHODS We reviewed 76 athletes with unilateral ACL ruptures who underwent ACLR surgery in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between 2017 and 2020,with a follow-up period of more than 24 mo.First,all populations were divided into a High-ABSI group(ABSI>0.835,n=38)and a Low-ABSI group(ABSI<0.835,n=38)based on the arithmetic median(0.835)of ABSI values.The primary exposure factor was ABSI,and the outcome indicators were knee function scores as well as postoperative complications.The correlation between ABSI and postoperative knee function scores and postoperative complications after ACLR were analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression.RESULTS The preoperative knee function scores of the two groups were similar.The surgery and postoperative rehabilitation exercises,range of motion(ROM)compliance rate,Lysholm score,and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score of the two groups gradually increased,whereas the quadriceps atrophy index gradually decreased.The knee function scores were higher in the Low-ABSI group than in the High-ABSI group at the 24-mo postoperative follow-up(P<0.05).In multifactorial logistic regression,ABSI was a risk factor of low knee joint function score after surgery,specifically low ROM scores(odds ratio[OR]=1.31,95%confidence interval[CI][1.10-1.44];P<0.001),low quadriceps atrophy index(OR=1.11,95%CI[0.97-1.29];P<0.05),low Lysholm scores(OR=2.34,95%CI[1.78-2.94];P<0.001),low symptoms(OR=1.14,95%CI[1.02-1.34];P<0.05),low activity of daily living(OR=1.34,95%CI[1.18-1.65];P<0.05),low sports(OR=2.47,95%CI[1.78-2.84];P<0.001),and low quality of life(OR=3.34,95%CI[2.88-3.94];P<0.001).ABSI was also a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb(OR=2.14,95%CI[1.88-2.36],P<0.05]and ACL recurrent rupture(OR=1.24,95%CI[0.98-1.44],P<0.05)after ACLR.CONCLUSION ABSI is a risk factor for the poor prognosis of knee function in ACL athletes after ACLR,and the risk of poor knee function after ACLR,deep vein thrombosis of lower limb,and ACL recurrent rupture gradually increases with the rise of ABSI.

Shape Analysis of Agricultural Parcels for Land Consolidation Priorities in Tekirdag Province,Turkey

Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significantly to spatial prioritization where there is also a high probability of achieving positive effects of consolidation projects.This study aims to determine the shape degree of the agricultural parcels both at singular and rural county scales in Tekirdag Province,Turkey in 2020 by combining the parcel shape index(PSI) with the minimum bounding geometry index(MBG) to improve parcel scores.Hot-spot zones of the highly irregular and near optimum parcels were also determined using Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*) statistic.The parcel degrees were classified into four categories,namely highly irregular,irregular,regular and near optimum.The obtained unweighted scores of the parameters exhibit deviations from the expected values.After weighting by pairwise comparison,the values approached ideal scores.Among 346 740 parcels,53% were highly irregular and irregular and 47% were regular and near optimum shapes after weighting whereas these were 70% and 30%,respectively before weighting.The average parcel degree of 63 rural counties was regular while the average parcel degree of the remaining 264 rural counties was irregular.The combined use of PSI and MBG index improved the correctness of the parcel shape score.It could be suggested to use as a tool in land consolidation prioritization.

Combined Effects of A Body Shape Index and Serum C-reactive Protein on Ischemic Stroke Incidence among Mongolians in China

Objective We aimed to evaluate the combined effects of a high body shape index(ABSI) and a high serum C-reactive protein(CRP) level on the incidence of ischemic stroke in a Mongolian population in China. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among 2,589 participants from June 2002 to July 2012 in Inner Mongolia, China. The participants were categorized into 4 groups according to their level of ABSI and CRP. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) for ischemic stroke among all groups. Results The multivariate adjusted HRs(95% CI) of ischemic stroke for high ABSI and high CRP level were 1.46(0.89-2.39) and 1.63(0.95-2.79), respectively. Compared with the low ABSI/low CRP level group, the multivariate adjusted HRs(95% CI) of ischemic stroke in the low ABSI/high CRP, high ABSI/low CRP, and high ABSI/high CRP groups were 1.04(0.46-2.35), 1.06(0.58-1.95) and 2.52(1.27-5.00), respectively. The HR of ischemic stroke for the high ABSI/high CRP level group was the highest and most statistically significant. Conclusion We found that participants with simultaneously high ABSI and high CRP levels had the highest risk of ischemic stroke in the Mongolian population. Our findings suggest that the combination of high ABSI and high CRP levels may increase the risk of ischemic stroke.

Development of fragility curves by incorporating new spectral shape indicators and a weighted damage index:case study of steel braced frames in the city of Mashhad,Iran

In this study, strong ground motion record （SGMR） selection based on Eta （~/） as a spectral shape indicator has been investigated as applied to steel braced flame structures. A probabilistic seismic hazard disaggregation analysis for the definition of the target Epsilon （ε） and the target Eta （η） values at different hazard levels is presented, taking into account appropriately selected SGMR＇s. Fragility curves are developed for different limit states corresponding to three representative models of typical steel braced frames having significant irregularities in plan, by means of a weighted damage index. The results show that spectral shape indicators have an important effect on the predicted median structural capacities, and also that the parameter r/is a more robust predictor of damage than searching for records with appropriate c values.

Combined effects of serum C-reactive protein and A Body Shape Index(ABSI)on ischemic stroke incidence among Inner Mongolians in China

Objective We aimed to evaluate the combined effect of high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and high A Body Shape Index (ABSI) on ischemic stroke incidence in an Inner Mongolian population in China.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among 2,589 participants from June 2002 to July 2012 in Inner Mongolia, China.

Thermo-mechanical properties of bowl-shaped grinding wheel and machining error compensation for grinding indexable inserts

In order to meet the technical requirements of grinding the circumferential cutting edge of indexable inserts, thermo-mechanical properties of bowl-shaped grinding wheel in high speed grinding process and the influence of dimension variations of the grinding wheel on machining accuracy were investigated. Firstly, the variation trends of the dimension due to centrifugal force generated in different wheel speeds were studied and the effect of stress stiffening and spin softening was presented. Triangular heat flux distribution model was adopted to determine temperature distribution in grinding process. Temperature field cloud pictures were obtained by the finite element software. Then, dimension variation trends of wheel structure were acquired by considering the thermo-mechanical characteristic under combined action of centrifugal force and grinding heat at different speeds. A method of online dynamic monitoring and automatic compensation for dimension error of indexable insert was proposed. By experimental verification, the precision of the inserts satisfies the requirement of processing.

体型指数与动脉硬化关系的研究进展

体型指数(ABSI)是基于身高、体质量、腰围等测量指标通过特定算法衍生的新型人体测量学指标。随着超重和肥胖人群的日益增多,腹型肥胖对于心血管事件发生和死亡的预测作用更强。肥胖通过产生炎症因子,诱发慢性炎症反应、胰岛素抵抗、代谢紊乱和氧化应激途径等导致动脉硬化、高血压、冠心病等心血管疾病的发病甚至死亡。ABSI与腹型肥胖相关性较好,在部分人群中可以预测动脉硬化,但同时也受到人群特征的影响。例如,不同地区、性别和年龄的人群中,ABSI与动脉硬化之间的相关性存在差异。明确ABSI与动脉硬化的关系,对早期发现动脉硬化的高危人群和合理防治心血管疾病有重要意义。

城市居住区三维绿色空间影响空气温湿度的机制研究

以郑州市居住区为例,采用手持式路昌LM-8000四合一环境测量仪,对郑州市区中不同方位、不同高度、不同布局形式分类的6个居住区微气候环境进行观测,对气温、相对湿度等气象数据进行分析,并探讨绿色空间布局形式影响空气温湿度的机制。结果表明:居住区白天相对湿度的变化幅度高于温度;测量日内,高层小区和多层小区的温湿度达到最大值的时间不同;在静风条件下,植物蒸散和阴影影响的范围为10~50 m,相对湿度的影响范围为10~50 m;居住区相对湿度最小值、均值分别与测点10 m范围内绿色空间的分形维数有关;相对湿度最大值与50 m范围内绿色空间的形状指数有关;白天时段,湿度的变化与50 m范围内的形状指数和连接度指数有关。

管壳式换热器弓形折流板的结构优化

为研究某高温烟气急冷器空气二次冷却系统的流动与传热特性,建立了管壳式换热器简化模型,运用ANSYS软件进行数值模拟,分析了折流板数量、相对缺口高度、折流板间距和换热器进出口管布置方式对换热器性能的影响。结果表明:折流板数量越多,相对缺口高度越小,换热器压降越大,换热系数越大,综合性能指标越小;高温区域折流板间距小、低温区域折流板间距大的换热器比等间距折流板换热器平均换热系数提高了4.3%,平均综合性能指标提高了2.3%;空气出口管布置在热流体进口侧比布置在热流体出口侧平均换热系数提高了6.5%,平均综合性能指标提高了4.3%。

‘京白梨’果形及果重差异影响因素分析

为解决‘京白梨’品质退化的问题,以北京地区‘京白梨’结果树为试材,比较不同秋子梨授粉品种、坐果序位和立地条件(丘陵和平地果园)对‘京白梨’果形和果重的影响。结果表明,利用‘子母梨’、‘山梨’、‘鸭广梨’、‘金香水’和‘寒红’分别给‘京白梨’授粉,‘山梨’、‘寒红’授粉效果最佳,获得的‘京白梨’果重分别为113.60、110.80 g,果形指数均为0.82;3~5序位坐果率高、果重大,优于1~2序位和6~9序位坐果;山地丘陵果园‘京白梨’果重100.77 g、果形指数0.82,而平地果园果重125.08 g、果形指数0.87,果形指数受立地条件影响。综上所述,为保证‘京白梨’果形的典型性,可配置‘山梨’和‘寒红’为授粉品种,疏果保留3~5序位,并在冷凉山区环境种植。

2000—2018年长株潭城市群城市扩张及其热岛响应

城市热岛效应同城市居民福祉息息相关,特别是近20 a我国的中西部城市在快速城市化的背景下,城市扩张进程进一步加快,城市热岛效应的影响也随之不断增加。为探究城市及城市群扩张与城市热岛效应变化的关系,以长株潭城市群为研究区域,利用Boyce-Clark形状指数分析城市扩张进程及空间形态变化。首先,利用基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台的实用单通道算法进行温度反演;然后,使用均值-标准差法划分温度等级区并定义和提取城市热岛范围;最后,提取城市重心和热岛重心,采用重心迁移方法分析城市扩张与热岛效应之间的变化趋势。结果表明城市热岛变化与城市群城市扩张趋势一致,研究结论如下:①2015年后长株潭城市群进入高速发展关键时期;②城市扩张是热岛面积增加的主要原因;③城市热岛重心与城市重心迁移趋势基本一致,城市热岛范围增加的方向也同城市扩张方向基本一致。

基于Alpha Shape算法的分散式乡村聚落形状划分及其形成研究——以米脂县龙镇为例

为了定量划分分散式乡村聚落的形状类型并探究其形成原因,以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区米脂县龙镇为例,尝试使用Alpha Shape算法对聚落形状进行提取,通过Boyce-Clark指数计算并划分聚落形状类型,最后结合多元线性回归和回归树的方法探究影响聚落形状的因素。结果表明:100 m滚动半径下,Alpha Shape算法能够提取76.1%聚落的精确轮廓;研究区乡村聚落形状类型可以分为块状矩形及其变种、延伸形、哑铃形和串珠形、带状矩形及其组合、线形5种,Boyce-Clark指数依次增加;高程和Boyce-Clark指数呈显著正相关,水资源可获取性与Boyce-Clark指数在高海拔地区呈负相关,聚落面积与Boyce-Clark指数先呈负相关后呈正相关。研究结果可为分散式聚落生活空间边界的划定提供参考,增进对黄土丘陵沟壑区分散式聚落形态的认识。

基于树木望高比的材积计算方法研究

分析望高法计算树木材积的原理、适用范围,但因为望高点可能被遮挡,以及测望高效率较低问题,尝试用树高代替望高进行求积。为此,在利用既有解析木的有效数据研究形率系列(q)和形状指数(r)的基础上,提出了直接测算望高比(B)的方法,解决了测望高(h_(R))较为困难及效率较低的问题。

ANALYSIS OF TIPOVER STABILITY FOR NOVEL SHAPE SHIFTING MODULAR ROBOT

A novel three-module robot has been introduced. It can change its configuration to adapt to the uneven terrain and to improve its tipover stability. This three-module tracked robot has three kinds of symmetry configuration. They are line type, triangle type, and row type. After the factors and the countermeasures of mobile robot＇s tipover problem are analyzed, stability pyramid and tipover stabil-ity index are proposed to globally determinate the mobile robot＇s static stability and dynamic stability. The shape shifting robot is tested by this technique under the combined disturbance of pitch, roll and yaw in simulation. The simulation result shows that this technique is effective for the analysis of mobile robot＇s tipover stability, especially for the reconfigurable or shape shifting modular robot. Experiments on three symmetry configurations are made under unstructured environments. The environment experiment shows the same result as that of the simulation that the triangle type configuration has the best stability. Both simulation and experiment provide a valid reference for the reconfigurable robot＇s potential application.

单一粒径组碎石道砟颗粒破碎规律试验研究

道砟颗粒破碎会影响路基的力学行为和服役性能。为定量分析颗粒形状、粒径、冲击荷载三者对碎石颗粒破碎的影响,选用单一粒径组安山岩碎石道砟颗粒,进行颗粒破碎试验研究。研究结果表明:颗粒破碎比B g可用于定量分析道砟的颗粒破碎规律;道砟形状是控制其破碎的主要因素,片状颗粒和针状颗粒在试验中的平均质量损失率高达40%;而块状颗粒的破碎主要以磨损为主,质量损失率低于4%;颗粒破碎指标B g和冲击荷载能量存在良好的线性关系;颗粒破碎过程可以划分为空间调整、接触破碎及平衡稳定三个阶段。

高含水期油藏剩余油聚集度表征方法

剩余油聚集度是评价高含水期油藏开发效果及开发潜力的重要指标。通过剩余油储量丰度,确定油藏优势储量区;利用单块面积、分布密度和形状指数,通过熵权法确定各指标的权重,最终形成剩余油聚集度的表征。研究表明,对于一个稳定开发的油藏,开发过程中剩余油的离散与聚集可分为一次离散阶段、迅速分离阶段、波动聚集与离散阶段和二次离散阶段。利用表征指标对大港油田港东开发区二区七断块Nm3-4-1小层进行评价,该小层剩余油聚集度随着开发的进行稳步下降,现阶段由于注采结构和井网调整,剩余油聚集度开始上升。

H型运动平台的时变非奇异快速终端滑模控制

针对以伺服电机和滚珠丝杠作为传动机构的H型运动平台系统位移跟踪控制存在的难点,设计了一种基于时变非奇异快速终端滑模控制器的控制方案。在滑模控制器设计阶段,提出一种新的滑模面幂指数时变方法,以加快系统状态的收敛速度;针对H型运动平台Y向两轴位移同步误差的控制问题,运用同步误差和单轴误差相结合作为控制器输入的方式减小了两轴位移误差。以仿真实验验证了提出的时变幂指数方法可提升系统状态的收敛速度,证明了相较于PID控制和一种滑模PID控制方式,采用本文提出的时变非奇异快速终端滑模控制方案后,H型运动平台单轴运动误差和双轴同步误差更小、误差波动幅度更小。

U型节流槽气穴流仿真分析及多目标优化

利用流场仿真软件对不同开度下的U型节流槽气穴进行仿真分析。通过改变U型节流槽的槽宽B、槽深H、槽长L,讨论了3个参数对气穴体积和气蚀指数σ_(A_(im))的影响。采用正交试验设计方法得到3个结构参数的试验方案,共计16组,利用Kriging曲面插值法求得在3个因素尺寸范围内的所有试验结果,再利用多目标优化算法NSGA-Ⅱ来减小气穴体积和气蚀指数从而实现多目标优化。数值仿真验证结果表明,优化后的U型节流槽结构能够减小气穴体积和气蚀指数。

内置T形钢骨-T形钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能试验研究

为研究钢骨-异形钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能,对9个内置T形钢骨的T形钢管混凝土短柱和3个未配置钢骨的T形钢管混凝土短柱进行了轴压试验研究,考察了试件破坏模式,分析了荷载-钢管应变、荷载-钢骨应变、荷载-平均纵向应变等相关曲线的变化过程,探讨了含钢率、套箍指数和配骨率等参数对试件承载力的影响。结果表明:所有试件在轴心受压下的破坏模式均为局部屈曲破坏;在保持其他因素不变的情况下,随着配骨率由0增加到39.1%、58.6%和69.9%,试件极限承载力分别提高了42.9%、56.5%和67.2%;随着套箍指数的增长率由24.5%增加到62.8%,试件极限承载能力分别提高了5.4%和11.1%,但随着钢骨和钢管厚度的增加,其对试件极限承载能力的增强效果逐渐减弱。基于试验研究和参数分析,提出了内置T形钢骨-T形钢管混凝土短柱极限承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。

武汉市城市破碎化森林中野生哺乳动物的多样性

生境破碎化造成生物多样性降低,尤其是哺乳动物多样性的降低甚至丧失。快速城市化背景下,城市森林斑块成为典型的破碎化生态系统。对城市森林斑块中哺乳动物资源的调查,能够为城市生态系统健康评估和城市景观格局的建设提供依据。2019—2021年,通过实地调查和红外相机拍摄对武汉市13个森林斑块的哺乳动物进行调查,并分析城市化对物种组成群落多样性的影响。本次调查共布设77台相机,相机总工作天数为21247日,拍摄到野生哺乳动物独立有效照片1243张,记录野生哺乳动物5目9科15种,主要属于东洋界华中区,其中貉(Nyctereutes procyonoides)、亚洲狗獾(Meles leucurus)、野猪(Sus scrofa)、北社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)为常见种。哺乳动物物种丰富度(P<0.01)、香农−威纳指数(P<0.05)随距市中心距离增加而显著增加,与斑块隔离度、形状指数则无显著相关(P>0.05),说明距市中心距离是哺乳动物多样性的重要影响因子。此外,近郊、远郊自然森林斑块哺乳动物多样性相对较高,说明城市化对哺乳动物多样性有负面影响。