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From Brain Science to Artificial Intelligence 被引量:8
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作者 Jingtao Fan Lu Fang +2 位作者 Jiamin Wu Yuchen Guo Qionghai Dai 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2020年第3期248-252,共5页
Reviewing the history of the development of artificial intelligence(AI)clearly reveals that brain science has resulted in breakthroughs in AI,such as deep learning.At present,although the developmental trend in AI and... Reviewing the history of the development of artificial intelligence(AI)clearly reveals that brain science has resulted in breakthroughs in AI,such as deep learning.At present,although the developmental trend in AI and its applications has surpassed expectations,an insurmountable gap remains between AI and human intelligence.It is urgent to establish a bridge between brain science and AI research,including a link from brain science to AI,and a connection from knowing the brain to simulating the brain.The first steps toward this goal are to explore the secrets of brain science by studying new brain-imaging technology;to establish a dynamic connection diagram of the brain;and to integrate neuroscience experiments with theory,models,and statistics.Based on these steps,a new generation of AI theory and methods can be studied,and a subversive model and working mode from machine perception and learning to machine thinking and decision-making can be established.This article discusses the opportunities and challenges of adapting brain science to AI. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial intelligence brain science
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Progress in neurorehabilitation research and the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2010 to 2022
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作者 Qian Tao Honglu Chao +1 位作者 Dong Fang Dou Dou 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期226-232,共7页
The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neuro rehabilitation research in China.This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabil... The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neuro rehabilitation research in China.This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabilitation in China and wo rldwide.We used data from the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC) database to analyze the publications and data provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to analyze funding information.In addition,the prospects for neurorehabilitation research in China are discussed.From 2010 to 2022,a total of 74,220 publications in neurorehabilitation were identified,with there being an overall upward tendency.During this period,the National Natural Science Foundation of China has funded 476 research projects with a total funding of 192.38 million RMB to support neuro rehabilitation research in China.With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China has made some achievements in neurorehabilitation research.Research related to neurorehabilitation is believed to be making steady and significant progress in China. 展开更多
关键词 brain computer interface invasive neuromodulation National Natural science Foundation of China(NSFC) neuroreha bilitation non-invasive brain stimulation PUBLICATION rehabilitation robotics virtual reality
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The Turn of Brain Science in the Development of Philosophy
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作者 LIU Zhenshan WANG Yirong FU Jia’ning 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2019年第9期520-525,共6页
With the development of brain science,new breakthrough points have been discovered in more and more fields including philosophy.The philosophy is a mode of thinking and brain science explores the mystery of thinking b... With the development of brain science,new breakthrough points have been discovered in more and more fields including philosophy.The philosophy is a mode of thinking and brain science explores the mystery of thinking by researching functions of human brain,which provides a broader vision for the study of the essential difference between the Chinese and western modes of thinking and philosophical thoughts.For better development of Chinese philosophy,the whole brain civilization must be founded,so that Chinese and western cultures should learn from each other to tackle further challenges. 展开更多
关键词 brain science THINKING Chinese PHILOSOPHY western PHILOSOPHY difference the WHOLE brain CIVILIZATION
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Brain-Inspired Artificial Intelligence:Advances and Applications
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作者 IA Tianyuan FAN Chaoqiong +2 位作者 WANG Lina WANG Liya WU Xia 《Aerospace China》 2021年第1期12-19,共8页
Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence(AI)have indicated that inspirations from the brain can effectively improve the level of intelligence for AI computational models,even if just local and partial inspirations.N... Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence(AI)have indicated that inspirations from the brain can effectively improve the level of intelligence for AI computational models,even if just local and partial inspirations.Nevertheless,realizing and exceeding intelligence at a human level still needs a deeper investigation and inspirations from the brain.The goal of brain-inspired intelligence is to achieve human intelligence inspired from brain neural mechanism and cognitive behavior mechanism.To this end,in this paper we introduce the relationship between AI and neuroscience,the current status of brain-inspired intelligence,the future work in intelligent control systems,and its profound influence in other fields. 展开更多
关键词 artificial intelligence brain-inspired intelligence NEUROscience human brain
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Therapies for children with cerebral palsy A Web of Science-based literature analysis 被引量:2
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作者 Yaping Mu Na Li Lijun Guan Chunnan Wang Shuyun Shang Yan Wang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第33期2632-2639,共8页
OBJECTIVE: To identify global research trends in three therapies for children with cerebral palsy. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on therapies for children with cerebral palsy from 2... OBJECTIVE: To identify global research trends in three therapies for children with cerebral palsy. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on therapies for children with cerebral palsy from 2002 to 2011 retrieved from Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria: (a) peer-reviewed published articles on botulinum toxin, constraint-induced movement therapy, or acupuncture for children with cerebral palsy indexed in Web of Science; (b) original research articles, reviews, meeting abstracts, proceedings papers, book chapters, editorial material, and news items; and (c) publication between 2002 and 2011. Exclusion criteria: (a) articles that required manual searching or telephone access; (b) documents that were not published in the public domain; and (c) a number of corrected papers from the total number of articles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Number of publications on the three therapies; (2) annual publication output, distribution by journals, distribution by institution, and top-cited articles on botulinum toxin; (3) annual publication output, distribution by journal, distribution by institution, and top-cited articles on constraint-induced movement therapy; (4) annual publication, distribution by journal, distribution by institution, and top-cited articles on acupuncture. RESULTS: This analysis, based on Web of Science articles, identified several research trends in studies published over the past 10 years of three therapies for children with cerebral palsy. More articles on botulinum toxin for treating children with cerebral palsy were published than the articles regarding constraint-induced movement therapy or acupuncture. The numbers of publications increased over the 10-year study period. Most papers appeared in journals with a focus on neurology, such as Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology and Journal of Child Neurology.Research institutes publishing on botulinum toxin treatments for this population are mostly in the Netherlands, the United States of America, and Australia; those publishing on constraint-induced movement therapy are mostly in Australia and the United States of America; and those publishing on acupuncture are mostly in China, Sweden and the United States of America.CONCLUSION: Analysis of literature and research trends indicated that there was no one specific therapy to cure cerebral palsy. Further studies are still necessary. 展开更多
关键词 constraint-induced movement therapy botulinum toxin ACUPUNCTURE cerebral palsy nerve injury INFANT children brain Web of science BIBLIOMETRIC neural regeneration
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The top cited articles on glioma stem cells in Web of Science
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作者 Fuxin Yi Jun Ma +6 位作者 Weimin Ni Rui Chang Wenda Liu Xiubin Han Dongxiao Pan Xingbo Liu Jianwu Qiu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第15期1431-1438,共8页
BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most common intracranial tumor and has a poor patient prognosis. The presence of brain tumor stem cells was gradually being understood and recognized, which might be beneficial for the treat... BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most common intracranial tumor and has a poor patient prognosis. The presence of brain tumor stem cells was gradually being understood and recognized, which might be beneficial for the treatment of glioma. OBJECTIVE: To use bibliometric indexes to track study focuses on glioma stem cell, and to investigate the relationships among geographic origin, impact factors, and highly cited articles indexed in Web of Science. METHODS: A list of citation classics for glioma stem cells was generated by searching the database of Web of Science-Expanded using the terms "glioma stem cell" or "glioma, stem cell'" or "brain tumor stem cell". The top 63 cited research articles which were cited more than 100 times were retrieved by reading the abstract or full text if needed. Each eligible article was reviewed for basic information on subject categories, country of origin, journals, authors, and source of journals. Inclusive criteria: (1) articles in the field of glioma stem cells which was cited more than 100 times; (2) fundamental research on humans or animals, clinical trials and case reports; (3) research article; (4) year of publication: 1899-2012; and (5) citation database: Science Citation Index-Expanded. Exclusive criteria: (1) articles needing to be manually searched or accessed only by telephone; (2) unpublished articles; and (3) reviews, conference proceedings, as well as corrected papers. RESULTS: Of 2 040 articles published, the 63 top-cited articles were published between 1992 and 2010. The number of citations ranged from 100 to 1 754, with a mean of 280 citations per article. These citation classics came from nineteen countries, of which 46 articles came from the United States. Duke University and University of California, San Francisco led the list of classics with seven papers each. The 63 top-cited articles were published in 28 journals, predominantly Cancer Research and Cancer Cell, followed by Cell Stem Cell and Nature. CONCLUSION: Our bibliometric analysis provides a historical perspective on the progress of glioma stem cell research. Articles originating from outstanding institutions of the United States and published in high-impact journals are most likely to be cited. 展开更多
关键词 Neural regeneration REVIEWS brain glioma stem cells glioma stem cells cancer stem cells literature analysis Web of science BIBLIOMETRICS CITATION NEUROREGENERATION
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The Biophysics Is a Borderland Science
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作者 Janos Vincze 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2021年第5期351-362,共12页
Biophysics as an immense spectrum comprehended by one of the most commonly applied borderland mental process embracing from the nature,through living systems up to spiritual processes brings it along inevitable that t... Biophysics as an immense spectrum comprehended by one of the most commonly applied borderland mental process embracing from the nature,through living systems up to spiritual processes brings it along inevitable that the reader will join issue here and there with the deductions of this book but in actual fact it was just one of the goals of this work.To get hold of the biophysical view is not an easy task,because it applies mathematical apparatus to biological systems;on the other hand as a reward it guides to fascinating results,recognizing theoretically which conformity of rules are valid on principle in the Universe in the inanimate-living-spiritual triple system from the lowest to the highest organizational level.In this way one can make up the reader’s claim to consider systematically those problems arising from the various fields of science and life in the countless variety of interrelations and in their very different consequences. 展开更多
关键词 borderland science three-dimensional model of sciences biophysical modelling hypothetical secondary brain uncertainty relations
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Brain-inspired artificial intelligence research: A review 被引量:1
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作者 WANG GuoYin BAO HuaNan +8 位作者 LIU Qun ZHOU TianGang WU Si HUANG TieJun YU ZhaoFei LU CeWu GONG YiHong ZHANG ZhaoXiang HE Sheng 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期2282-2296,共15页
Artificial intelligence(AI) systems surpass certain human intelligence abilities in a statistical sense as a whole, but are not yet the true realization of these human intelligence abilities and behaviors. There are d... Artificial intelligence(AI) systems surpass certain human intelligence abilities in a statistical sense as a whole, but are not yet the true realization of these human intelligence abilities and behaviors. There are differences, and even contradictions, between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. With the goal of achieving general AI, this study contains a review of the role of cognitive science in inspiring the development of the three mainstream academic branches of AI based on the three-layer framework proposed by David Marr, and the limitations of the current development of AI are explored and analyzed. The differences and inconsistencies between the cognition mechanisms of the human brain and the computation mechanisms of AI systems are analyzed. They are found to be the cause of the differences and contradictions between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. Additionally, eight important research directions and their scientific issues that need to focus on braininspired AI research are proposed: highly imitated bionic information processing, a large-scale deep learning model that balances structure and function, multi-granularity joint problem solving bidirectionally driven by data and knowledge, AI models that simulate specific brain structures, a collaborative processing mechanism with the physical separation of perceptual processing and interpretive analysis, embodied intelligence that integrates the brain cognitive mechanism and AI computation mechanisms,intelligence simulation from individual intelligence to group intelligence(social intelligence), and AI-assisted brain cognitive intelligence. 展开更多
关键词 artificial intelligence cognitive science brain science intelligence science large language model
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Higher Variations of the Monty Hall Problem (3.0, 4.0) and Empirical Definition of the Phenomenon of Mathematics, in Boole’s Footsteps, as Something the Brain Does 被引量:1
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作者 Leo Depuydt Richard D. Gill 《Advances in Pure Mathematics》 2012年第4期243-273,共31页
In Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154, the mathematical structure of the much discussed problem of probability known as the Monty Hall problem was mapped i... In Advances in Pure Mathematics (www.scirp.org/journal/apm), Vol. 1, No. 4 (July 2011), pp. 136-154, the mathematical structure of the much discussed problem of probability known as the Monty Hall problem was mapped in detail. It is styled here as Monty Hall 1.0. The proposed analysis was then generalized to related cases involving any number of doors (d), cars (c), and opened doors (o) (Monty Hall 2.0) and 1 specific case involving more than 1 picked door (p) (Monty Hall 3.0). In cognitive terms, this analysis was interpreted in function of the presumed digital nature of rational thought and language. In the present paper, Monty Hall 1.0 and 2.0 are briefly reviewed (§§2-3). Additional generalizations of the problem are then presented in §§4-7. They concern expansions of the problem to the following items: (1) to any number of picked doors, with p denoting the number of doors initially picked and q the number of doors picked when switching doors after doors have been opened to reveal goats (Monty Hall 3.0;see §4);(3) to the precise conditions under which one’s chances increase or decrease in instances of Monty Hall 3.0 (Monty Hall 3.2;see §6);and (4) to any number of switches of doors (s) (Monty Hall 4.0;see §7). The afore-mentioned article in APM, Vol. 1, No. 4 may serve as a useful introduction to the analysis of the higher variations of the Monty Hall problem offered in the present article. The body of the article is by Leo Depuydt. An appendix by Richard D. Gill (see §8) provides additional context by building a bridge to modern probability theory in its conventional notation and by pointing to the benefits of certain interesting and relevant tools of computation now available on the Internet. The cognitive component of the earlier investigation is extended in §9 by reflections on the foundations of mathematics. It will be proposed, in the footsteps of George Boole, that the phenomenon of mathematics needs to be defined in empirical terms as something that happens to the brain or something that the brain does. It is generally assumed that mathematics is a property of nature or reality or whatever one may call it. There is not the slightest intention in this paper to falsify this assumption because it cannot be falsified, just as it cannot be empirically or positively proven. But there is no way that this assumption can be a factual observation. It can be no more than an altogether reasonable, yet fully secondary, inference derived mainly from the fact that mathematics appears to work, even if some may deem the fact of this match to constitute proof. On the deepest empirical level, mathematics can only be directly observed and therefore directly analyzed as an activity of the brain. The study of mathematics therefore becomes an essential part of the study of cognition and human intelligence. The reflections on mathematics as a phenomenon offered in the present article will serve as a prelude to planned articles on how to redefine the foundations of probability as one type of mathematics in cognitive fashion and on how exactly Boole’s theory of probability subsumes, supersedes, and completes classical probability theory. §§2-7 combined, on the one hand, and §9, on the other hand, are both self-sufficient units and can be read independently from one another. The ultimate design of the larger project of which this paper is part remains the increase of digitalization of the analysis of rational thought and language, that is, of (rational, not emotional) human intelligence. To reach out to other disciplines, an effort is made to describe the mathematics more explicitly than is usual. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial INTELLIGENCE Binary Structure BOOLEAN ALGEBRA BOOLEAN Operators Boole’s ALGEBRA brain science Cognition Cognitive science DEFINITION of MATHEMATICS DEFINITION of Probability Theory Digital MATHEMATICS Electrical Engineering Foundations of MATHEMATICS Human INTELLIGENCE Linguistics Logic Monty HALL Problem Neuroscience Non-quantitative and Quantitative MATHEMATICS Probability Theory Rational Thought and Language
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日本脑计划实施的经验及启示 被引量:1
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作者 刘佳 钟永恒 +4 位作者 王辉 宋姗姗 何慧丽 宋秋义 朱森 《科技管理研究》 CSSCI 2024年第8期31-37,共7页
目前脑计划已成为主要发达国家科技竞争的重点领域。日本脑计划启动时间较早,已取得了较丰富的经验与成果,可为中国脑计划的实施和优化提供经验借鉴。解析日本脑计划的发起过程、保障措施、管理结构以及主要研究成果等,发现日本脑计划... 目前脑计划已成为主要发达国家科技竞争的重点领域。日本脑计划启动时间较早,已取得了较丰富的经验与成果,可为中国脑计划的实施和优化提供经验借鉴。解析日本脑计划的发起过程、保障措施、管理结构以及主要研究成果等,发现日本脑计划是在充分的科学论证基础上提出,政府提供了稳定且充足的经费支持,由领域内号召力和影响力较高的机构统领和协调实施,人才国际化始终作为团队建设和人才政策的重要标准,同时政策体系上既有兼顾长期的战略规划又有专项的人才支持政策和脑库建设保护法律等全方位保障其顺利实施。借鉴日本经验,未来中国脑计划的实施战略可结合自身发展实际,将团队建设的国际化、资金保障的稳定性、科研伦理管理的规范化、参与机构的协调性等作为主要优化方向。 展开更多
关键词 脑计划 科研计划 战略规划 计划管理 脑科学 日本
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从新媒体、科幻创意到通用人工智能:脑机接口的艺术革命 被引量:2
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作者 黄鸣奋 《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》 2024年第4期109-118,共10页
作为一种前沿技术,脑机接口不仅为科学家探索人类意识和思维的奥秘提供了重要的工具和途径,而且为艺术家提供了全新的创作手段和表达方式。在新媒体艺术领域,脑机接口给开拓者带来了新思路、新机遇,脑控绘艺、脑波音乐、脑控游戏等由此... 作为一种前沿技术,脑机接口不仅为科学家探索人类意识和思维的奥秘提供了重要的工具和途径,而且为艺术家提供了全新的创作手段和表达方式。在新媒体艺术领域,脑机接口给开拓者带来了新思路、新机遇,脑控绘艺、脑波音乐、脑控游戏等由此诞生。在科幻艺术领域,脑机接口赋予主创人员电光石火的灵感。相关作品想象如何通过这种技术在生理层面增强大脑能力、修改记忆或治疗疾病,在信息层面破译思想活动、深入赛博世界、实现灵明转移,在意向层面发挥自家大脑的主动性、利用他人大脑的受动性、增强多个大脑的交融性。脑机接口与通用人工智能的结合则为探索艺术创作提供了全新的视角和无限可能性。人们有可能通过纯思维与AI系统交互、超越传统肢体限制开展艺术活动,在梦境、冥想等特殊意识状态下配合AI抒情写照,共同经历丰富而深刻的艺术体验,形成前所未有的集体创作模式。 展开更多
关键词 脑机接口 新媒体艺术 科幻 通用人工智能
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脑认知科学和人工智能驱动的未来教育变革
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作者 薛贵 刘德建 《学术前沿》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第17期24-40,共17页
脑认知科学与人工智能快速发展,推动人类社会加速向智能时代演进,对人类生存发展能力提出了全新要求,也推动教育目标和方式发生根本性变革。未来教育体系的设计需要突破知识传递的限制,以推动人类持续繁衍与进化为目标、以学习力培养为... 脑认知科学与人工智能快速发展,推动人类社会加速向智能时代演进,对人类生存发展能力提出了全新要求,也推动教育目标和方式发生根本性变革。未来教育体系的设计需要突破知识传递的限制,以推动人类持续繁衍与进化为目标、以学习力培养为核心、以个性化按需学习为导向、以人脑学习规律为指导、以技术创新为依托,帮助个体培养有机的知识体系、强大的认知能力和持久的学习动力。实现未来教育目标,需要社会各界从教育政策、科学研究、教师教育、考试评价、课程设置和技术创新等方面协同行动,推动未来教育变革从理论走向实践。 展开更多
关键词 脑科学 人工智能 教育变革 学习力
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多模态神经调控与检测技术研究进展
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作者 杜全生 戴慧 +1 位作者 眭亚楠 盛兴 《中国科学基金》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期296-302,共7页
脑科学被誉为人类自然科学“最后的前沿”,如何精准理解与控制包括大脑在内的生物神经系统,已成为多学科交叉的前沿和热点问题。本文基于“多模态神经调控与检测技术专题研讨会”的研讨成果,从物理化学信号与神经信号相互作用机制、神... 脑科学被誉为人类自然科学“最后的前沿”,如何精准理解与控制包括大脑在内的生物神经系统,已成为多学科交叉的前沿和热点问题。本文基于“多模态神经调控与检测技术专题研讨会”的研讨成果,从物理化学信号与神经信号相互作用机制、神经接口材料器件系统、神经成像方法、神经信号编码解码技术、临床医学应用等方面,总结回顾了在神经调控与检测技术相关研究领域的科学研究与技术进展,以及未来多学科协同发展面临的机遇与挑战,并探讨了重点领域和发展方向。 展开更多
关键词 脑机接口 多模态 神经调控 神经传感 交叉科学
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神经环路鉴定技术在中医药脑科学领域的应用
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作者 崔雅茹 高倩 +5 位作者 李自发 胡明会 张浩 耿希文 王新宇 魏盛 《中国实验动物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期1059-1064,共6页
神经环路是由不同神经元组成的复杂网络,是大脑功能实现的物质载体。神经环路鉴定技术通过对特定神经环路的结构追踪及其活动操纵,研究其对脑功能的充分性和必要性,对理解脑疾病发病机制尤为关键。作为神经科学与脑科学领域的高新技术手... 神经环路是由不同神经元组成的复杂网络,是大脑功能实现的物质载体。神经环路鉴定技术通过对特定神经环路的结构追踪及其活动操纵,研究其对脑功能的充分性和必要性,对理解脑疾病发病机制尤为关键。作为神经科学与脑科学领域的高新技术手段,近年来已被逐渐引入中医药领域基础研究。本综述系统性梳理神经环路鉴定技术的原理及其在中医药脑科学领域的应用研究进展,指出该领域后期发展方向应立足中医药特色整体观念和辨证论治展开设计。开展中医药多样化手段干预疾病的神经环路机制研究有助于促进中医药与现代脑科学的深度融合。 展开更多
关键词 神经环路鉴定技术 中医药脑科学 应用
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科研MRI质量控制系统的开发与应用
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作者 韩梦杨 王雪雪 +5 位作者 张建业 童琪琦 陈红 张芳崧 丁禅骏 王金红 《中国医疗设备》 2024年第1期35-43,共9页
目的 研发脑科学科研磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)质量控制系统,探讨其在日常质量控制管理中的应用价值。方法 在2020年9月至2022年3月期间对西门子Verio磁共振采集50次水模质量控制数据,计算主磁场(B0场)不均匀性、信... 目的 研发脑科学科研磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)质量控制系统,探讨其在日常质量控制管理中的应用价值。方法 在2020年9月至2022年3月期间对西门子Verio磁共振采集50次水模质量控制数据,计算主磁场(B0场)不均匀性、信噪比、图像均匀度、奈奎斯特伪影、几何畸变、弥散各向异性分数、功能磁共振成像(Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,fMRI)波动和漂移百分比、fMRI信号波动噪声比、fMRI频谱分析。结果 数据可自动经由软件计算以图表的形式呈现,除了2021年9月10日(梯度线圈损坏)与2022年1月14日(32通道线圈损坏)出现两次明显异常波动,各参数在质控周期内均以相对稳定的数值在合理范围内上下波动。通过对设备长期的质控,设立基线,一旦发现异常,及时分析报修处理,比较设备维修前后差异,保证设备处于正常稳定状态。结论 该质量控制系统能直观、有效地对MRI设备进行日常质量控制,及时发现故障,锁定方向,保证MRI设备正常运行,为磁共振弥散张量成像和fMRI实验数据质量提供保障。 展开更多
关键词 脑科学 磁共振成像 质量控制 科研数据
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基于脑科学的医学细胞生物学课堂教学实践
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作者 季丙元 李文福 +2 位作者 刘燕 王春梅 潘衍有 《济宁医学院学报》 2024年第2期169-172,共4页
目的探讨基于脑科学的课堂教学策略对医学细胞生物学课程教学效果的影响。方法选取我校2021级临床医学本科学生,随机抽取两个合堂班(随机抽取8个班,每4个班编为一个合堂班,每个合堂班160人)分成对照班和试验班,在医学细胞生物学课堂教... 目的探讨基于脑科学的课堂教学策略对医学细胞生物学课程教学效果的影响。方法选取我校2021级临床医学本科学生,随机抽取两个合堂班(随机抽取8个班,每4个班编为一个合堂班,每个合堂班160人)分成对照班和试验班,在医学细胞生物学课堂教学中分别运用传统教学法和基于脑科学的教学策略进行课堂讲授。通过课堂测试、实验测试、期末测试等检测学生的学习效果。以发放调查问卷的形式,研究学生在教材内容掌握、教学互动和解决问题的能力等方面的满意度。结果试验班平时成绩实验成绩和期末成绩明显好于对照班(t=5.77,P<0.001;t=2.72,P=0.008;t=8.38,P<0.001)。基于脑科学的课堂教学设计在“善于运用思维导图、框架图等进行知识讲授”、“对学生的回答给予正面的、及时的评价”等11个方面均明显优于对照班(P<0.05)。结论基于脑科学的课堂教学策略教学效果良好,学生满意度高,可进行推广。 展开更多
关键词 脑科学 高等教育 医学细胞生物学
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探索心理生理计算场理论
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作者 胡斌 钱昆 +4 位作者 董群喜 沈健 孙淑婷 孙乃迪 蔡然 《北京理工大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期740-749,共10页
人类心智工作机制长期以来是脑科学领域的未解之谜,“心理生理计算”理论的提出为探究心智工作机制提供了量化度量的方法,即可以通过采集人体生理参数,借助人工智能和大数据的方法实现对人的心理状态进行量化评估.然而,当前“心理生理... 人类心智工作机制长期以来是脑科学领域的未解之谜,“心理生理计算”理论的提出为探究心智工作机制提供了量化度量的方法,即可以通过采集人体生理参数,借助人工智能和大数据的方法实现对人的心理状态进行量化评估.然而,当前“心理生理计算”理论离全面、客观地认识心智工作机制还存在一定距离.提出一种“心理生理计算场理论”,旨在通过引入物理学场理论的方法,结合“心理生理计算”理论构建客观量化反映人类心理状态动态变化规律的模型,推进精神疾病的分层分类和个性化、精准化诊疗. 展开更多
关键词 心理生理计算 情感计算 场理论 脑科学 社会计算
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神经调控技术在脑科学研究中的应用研究进展
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作者 刘梦楠 田萧羽 +3 位作者 李奕潼 吴宁 李锦 李红 《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第2期128-136,共9页
通过药物和物理刺激(如光、电、磁、超声)的方法可实现对脑神经元功能的操控。其中,化学遗传和光遗传技术由于可精确操控目标脑区特定类型的神经元,在脑环路功能研究中应用最为广泛。近年来开发的磁遗传技术可在磁场条件下利用磁感应元... 通过药物和物理刺激(如光、电、磁、超声)的方法可实现对脑神经元功能的操控。其中,化学遗传和光遗传技术由于可精确操控目标脑区特定类型的神经元,在脑环路功能研究中应用最为广泛。近年来开发的磁遗传技术可在磁场条件下利用磁感应元件激活神经元,实现了对大脑特定脑区神经元的非侵入且瞬时的调控。本文主要对脑科学研究中最常用的化学遗传和光遗传技术的发展进程和存在问题,以及正处于探索阶段的磁遗传技术的最新进展进行综述,同时也讨论了经颅电刺激、经颅磁刺激、深部脑刺激和经颅超声刺激技术在脑疾病的治疗中发挥的作用。期望通过不断的调整和改善,这些技术能更好地应用于脑科学研究和脑疾病治疗。 展开更多
关键词 脑科学 精神疾病 光遗传技术 化学遗传技术 磁遗传技术
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磁共振成像在儿童脑智发育研究中的应用及挑战
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作者 桂一丁 孙晓宁 +1 位作者 王广海 江帆 《教育生物学杂志》 2024年第2期85-91,共7页
儿童时期是脑智发育的关键阶段,探索这一阶段脑智发育的规律和影响因素具有重要意义。随着技术的发展,磁共振成像已成为儿童脑智研究的首选脑成像方法。该文综述了不同的磁共振成像方法(结构、功能、质子波谱)及相关脑影像指标在揭示儿... 儿童时期是脑智发育的关键阶段,探索这一阶段脑智发育的规律和影响因素具有重要意义。随着技术的发展,磁共振成像已成为儿童脑智研究的首选脑成像方法。该文综述了不同的磁共振成像方法(结构、功能、质子波谱)及相关脑影像指标在揭示儿童脑发育规律中的作用,并指出在儿童中开展磁共振成像研究所面临的挑战。 展开更多
关键词 脑科学 磁共振成像 脑智发育 婴幼儿 青少年 儿童发展
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基于脑科学理论的益智儿童产品设计策略研究 被引量:1
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作者 魏国 《包装工程》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第8期488-494,共7页
目的探讨基于脑科学理论的益智儿童产品设计策略。方法通过深入研究益智玩具市场及各阶段儿童玩具的设计特点,总结出趣味性、互动性、教育性、创新性和安全性等关键要素。将儿童发展心理学作为益智儿童产品设计的理论依据,结合脑科学原... 目的探讨基于脑科学理论的益智儿童产品设计策略。方法通过深入研究益智玩具市场及各阶段儿童玩具的设计特点,总结出趣味性、互动性、教育性、创新性和安全性等关键要素。将儿童发展心理学作为益智儿童产品设计的理论依据,结合脑科学原理,制定出创新的益智儿童产品设计策略。重点关注脑科学理论以解析儿童的认知特点,从而提供更具针对性和有效性的设计方案。结论通过深入理解儿童脑部的发育规律,借鉴脑图谱所揭示的认知特性,以制定出益智儿童产品设计的前沿策略,提升儿童的认知能力,在推动益智产品设计的创新方面具有深远的影响和实践价值。 展开更多
关键词 益智儿童产品设计 脑科学理论 认知发展规律 产品设计策略 儿童发展心理学
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