Application of Endovenous Laser Treatment Combined with Foam Sclerotherapy for the Minimally Invasive Treatment of Great Saphenous Vein Varicosity

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of endovenous laser treatment(EVLT)combined with foam sclerotherapy(FS)in the treatment of great saphenous vein varicosity(GSVV).Methods:A total of 50 patients with GSVV,treated between March 2021 and March 2024,were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table.The combination group(25 cases)underwent EVLT combined with FS,while the conventional group(25 cases)underwent EVLT alone.The total effective rate,complication rate,disease severity score,and serological indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the combination group was higher,and the complication rate was lower compared to the conventional group(P<0.05).One week after surgery,the disease severity score in the combination group was lower,coagulation function indicators were better,and inflammatory factor levels were lower compared to the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:EVLT combined with FS can improve the clinical efficacy in GSVV patients,prevent postoperative complications,reduce disease severity,protect patients’coagulation function,and alleviate postoperative inflammatory responses,showing significant advantages in combined surgery.

VNUS Closure^®FAST Radiofrequency of the Great Saphenous Vein for Superficial Venous Insufficiency: Experience of the CH of Cholet in France

Background:The objective of this work was to evaluate the first results of the radio ablation of the great saphenous vein in the processing of chronic venous insufficiency. Method: This is a monocentric retrospective study of radio ablation of the great saphenous vein using VNUS Closure® FAST for superficial venous insufficiency of the great saphenous vein, between January 2012 and December 2014. Results: 42 patients (57 limbs) were operated on with this technology. There were 33 women and 9 men (mean age: 46.5 years). Thirty-nine patients (92. 8%) were symptomatic. Thirty-two patients (76.1%) were classified CEAP 2. The average diameter of the saphenous vein was 8.5 ± 1.5 mm. Three patients (7.1%) had a percutaneous approach. A perfect occlusion of the saphenous vein was observed in all patients. No incident or undesirable event was observed during the procedure. One case of delayed deep-vein thrombosis was observed. At one month of follow-up, six patients (14.2%) had induration opposite to the occluded vein. Forty-three percent of the patients stated they were very satisfied with the procedure. Conclusion: The effectiveness, security and simplicity of the closure method are real. More studies are necessary to assess the long-term results of this procedure.

Higher Energy Does Not Mean Better Outcome Following Endovenous Laser Ablation of Great Saphenous Vein

Background: Endovenous laser ablation is a relatively newer alternative to treat great saphenous vein insufficiency. We evaluated the efficiency and safety of treatment endovenous laser procedures on the different saphenous vein diameters with different energy levels. Methods: Data regarding endovenous laser ablation of symptomatic chronic great saphenous venous insufficiency in 209 patients were prospectively recorded. Patients were grouped into two main groups based on their diameters as 5 to 7 millimeters (Group A) or more than 7 millimeters (Group B). Patients in each group was randomized into two groups as >90 J/cm (A1 and B1) or 80-90 J/cm (A2 and B2). Postoperative outcome and complications were recorded during follow-ups at 1st week;1st, 3rd and 6th months to examine the venous reflux and recanalization. Results: Perioperative complaints as pain, cramps and ankle swelling were more commonly observed in A1 group. Fatigue was more common in A2 and B2 groups. No major complications as deep vein thrombosis or skin burns were observed. Conclusions: Endovenous laser ablation is a safe and effective procedure with a high satisfaction rate shortening hospitalization durations and early ambulant activity. Pain, ankle swelling and fatigue are the most common minor complaints in the early postoperative period.

Endovenous laser treatment vs conventional surgery for great saphenous vein varicosities: A propensity score matching analysis

BACKGROUND Varicosis is a common venous condition,which is typically treated surgically.However,selection of the optimal surgical approach can be challenging.Previous studies comparing endovenous laser treatment(EVLT)and conventional surgery were retrospective and observational in nature and the results may therefore have been influenced by selection bias and the presence of other confounding factors.In this study,we used propensity score matching to reduce selection bias when comparing EVLT and conventional surgery for the treatment of varicose great saphenous veins.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1063 patients treated for primary varicosis of the great saphenous vein at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2009 and December 2019.Among them,56 patients were excluded owing to additional small saphenous varicose vein involvement,81 owing to recurring varicose veins,83 owing to complicated varicose veins(CEAP clinical classification C5-C6),and 6 owing to perioperative phlebitis.Finally,772 patients were enrolled in this study.Standard demographic and clinicopathological data were collected from the medical records of the patients.For propensity score matching,522 patients(261 who underwent EVLT and 261 who underwent conventional surgery)were randomly matched 1:1 by age,sex,onset time,smoking status,presence of diabetes,family history,stress therapy,C class,and the affected leg.RESULTS Of the 772 patients included in the study,467 underwent EVLT and 305 underwent conventional surgery.There were significant differences in age,onset time,smoking and diabetes status,and family history between the two groups.Following propensity score matching,no significant differences in patients’characteristics remained between the two groups.ELVT was associated with a shorter operation time and hospital stay than conventional surgery,both before and after propensity score matching.There were no differences in complications between the two groups after propensity score matching.Patients who underwent EVLT had a higher recurrence rate during the two-year follow-up period than those who underwent conventional surgery(33.33%vs 21.46%,χ^(2)=11.506,P=0.001),and a greater percentage of patients who underwent EVLT experienced pain one week after the procedure(39.85%vs 19.54%,P=0.000).CONCLUSION EVLT may not always be the best option for the treatment of great saphenous vein varicosis.

A Comparative Analysis on Surgical Outcomes and Complications of Endoscopic and Open Vein Harvesting Techniques

Objective: The great saphenous vein (GSV) is commonly used as a conduit for grafting during CABG surgery, and open GSV harvesting (OVH), commonly used with long incision to expose the vein. However, endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) is an alternative approach, utilizing specialized instruments and small incisions to harvest the vein. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of patients who underwent Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) requiring great saphenous vein (GSV) harvesting which was done by EVH or OVH procedures. Demographic variables, including age and gender, were assessed for both groups. Intraoperative variables such as the number of grafts, cardiopulmonary bypass time, X clamp time, and type of procedure were analyzed. Postoperative variables, including infection and bleeding rates, were also evaluated. Results: The study included 30 patients each undergoing Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with need of great saphenous vein harvesting which was done by EVH and OVH. Demographic variables were well-matched between the two groups in terms of age, while a significant difference in gender distribution was observed. Obesity and smoking were more prevalent in the OVH group, and EVH was associated with a higher mean number of grafts compared to OVH. Conversion to an open technique occurred in a portion of the EVH cases, and infection rates did not significantly differ between the EVH and OVH groups. However, the incidence of postoperative bleeding was significantly higher in the EVH group. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative variables associated with EVH and OVH techniques. EVH demonstrated advantages in terms of reduced infection rates compared to OVH. However, the higher incidence of postoperative bleeding associated with EVH raises concerns about potential risks.

Conventional operation and laser therapy in the treatment of varicose veins

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of endovenous laser therapy and conventional thera- py on the varicose of great saphenous vein.Methods:Thirty-two patients received endovenous laser thera- py and 32 patients were operated by conventional therapy(high ligation and stripping).The observation results of great saphenous vein(GSV)were recorded by clinical evaluation and duplex ultrasound examina- tion.And the operating time,intraoperative blood loss,time to become moveable,duration of hospitaliza- tion and degree of feeling pain were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with conven- tional therapy,laser therapy had good curative effect with less complications and no scars and no pains. There were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.01).Conclusion:Laser therapy for varicose of great saphenous vein is better than the conventional therapy.It deserves to be widely used in clinical treatment.

血府逐瘀汤在泡沫硬化剂联合大隐静脉高位结扎、腔内激光闭合术治疗对下肢静脉曲张患者循环内皮细胞、内皮素-1、一氧化氮的影响

目的:评估血府逐瘀汤在泡沫硬化剂联合大隐静脉(GSV)高位结扎和腔内激光闭合术(EVLT)治疗下肢静脉曲张的效果,分析循环内皮细胞(CEC)、内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)水平变化。方法:回顾性纳入我院于2020年10月—2022年10月收治的368例下肢静脉曲张患者,根据疗法分为对照组和研究组两组,每组各184例。对照组接受泡沫硬化剂联合GSV高位结扎及EVLT治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用血府逐瘀汤。均连续治疗8周。比较两组临床症状消失时间、CEC、ET-1、NO、血液流变学指标、炎症因子及GSV治疗长度、GSV闭合率、住院时间,以及血清B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、B淋巴细胞瘤因子相关X蛋白(Bax)和半胱氨酸天冬氨基酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)水平的差异。结果:研究组患者下肢症状消失时间显著短于对照组。治疗后,两组血管内皮功能和血液流变学指标均改善,研究组改善更显著(均P <0.05)。研究组住院时间短于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗后,研究组Bcl-2、Caspase-3水平显著高于对照组,而Bax水平低于对照组(均P <0.05)。结论:血府逐瘀汤联合泡沫硬化剂、GSV高位结扎和EVLT治疗下肢静脉曲张可加速临床症状缓解,改善血管内皮功能及血液流变学指标,抑制炎症反应,具有良好的临床效果。

大隐静脉曲张患者术后DVT发生率及危险因素分析

目的:关于大隐静脉曲张患者术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率及危险因素分析。方法:选取2019年8月—2023年8月样本医院收治的97例大隐静脉曲张患者作为研究对象,所有患者均接受大隐静脉高位结扎+静脉曲张剥脱术进行手术治疗,根据患者术后是否出现DVT将其分为研究组(n=14)和对照组(n=83)。统计患者术后出现DVT的发生率,收集患者的一般资料并进行logistic回归分析,探寻影响患者出现DVT的危险因素。结果:术后97例患者中发生DVT的共14例,发生率为14.43%;单因素分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、术前1个月使用过激素类药物、静脉曲张病程≥5年、D-二聚体(D-Dminer)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.634、4.318、6.251、4.430;t=11.545,P<0.05);logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、术前1个月使用过激素类药物、静脉曲张病程≥5年、D-Dimer水平是大隐静脉患者术后发生DVT的危险因素(OR=2.303、3.618、2.347、2.435、2.866,P<0.05)。结论:大隐静脉患者术后DVT发生率为14.43%,年龄、合并糖尿病、术前1个月使用过激素类药物≥5年、静脉曲张病程、D-Dimer水平是导致患者术后发生DVT的危险因素。

Endovenous laser ablation of great saphenous vein with ultrasound-guided perivenous tumescence： early and midterm results

Background Endovenous laser ablation （EVLA） is an improved method to treat varicose great saphenous veins （GSV） with a high satisfactory rate. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and safety of treatment by EVLA procedures with ultrasound-guided perivenous tumescence. Methods Thirty-one patients （31 limbs） with symptomatic varicose vein primary to chronic venous insufficiency （CVI） treated with EVLA were prospectively studied. The entire procedure was performed under ultrasound-guided tumescent local anesthesia. The patients were evaluated with a 18 month follow-up postoperation using clinical examination and venous duplex ultrasonography. Pain scores and quality of life （QOL） were recorded using visual analog scale （VAS） and the chronic venous insufficiency questionnaire （CIVIQ） at 1 week, 1 month, and 12 months after operation. Results All patients tolerated EVLA procedure well. The overall success occlusion rates of GSV were 92%, 94%, and 94% at 1, 12, and 18 months follow-up, respectively. The score of CIVIQ one week preoperation was 69.14±11.44 while that of CIVIQ one month postoperation was 85.32±4.89. The life quality has significantly improved after the operation of EVLA （t=12.71, P 〈0.05）. The VAS one month after treatment was lower than 1 week before therapy （t=8.048, P 〈0.05）. Major complications such as deep vein thrombosis and skin burns were not found. Most of the complications were minor and improved quickly. Conclusions This refinement type of EVLA procedure is a safe and effective treatment with a high satisfaction rate; it displayed noteworthy features including shortening hospitalization, early ambulant activity, and preferable occlusion rates.

Quantitative Analysis of Microstructural Components of Human Coronary Arteries

The anterior interventricular branch and circumflex of the left coronary artery,the right coronary artery,the internal thoracic artery,and the great saphenous vein were excisedfrom 7 human adult autopsy subjects.Paraffin slices of these specimens were prepared and stainedwith different dyes in order to reveal the elastin,collagen and smooth muscle in the walls of thesevessels.The slices were scanned with a microspectrophotometer and the relative contents of thecomponents mentioned above were represented with the mean absorbance respectively.It was found that no significant difference existed in the contents of the above mentioned com-ponents between the left and right coronary arteries(P】0.05).The internal thoracic artery con-tains relatively higher elastin than the others(P【0.01).The contain a highcollagen/elastin ratio(P【0.01),which makes the coronary arteries be suitable to carry out thespecial functional needs of the heart.

预防性抗凝对大隐静脉射频闭合术后症状性静脉血栓栓塞的影响

目的探讨大隐静脉射频闭合术后使用预防性抗凝药物对症状性静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)的影响。方法回顾性选取2022年1至12月在浙江省人民医院血管外科行大隐静脉射频闭合术的1074例患者为研究对象,其中未接受口服预防性抗凝药物组(未接受抗凝治疗组)106例、接受利伐沙班10 mg抗凝治疗5 d组(预防性抗凝5 d组)762例、接受利伐沙班10 mg抗凝治疗10 d组(预防性抗凝10 d组)206例。比较3组患者术后1个月内VTE发生率和出血性事件发生率。结果未接受抗凝治疗组术后1个月内未发生VTE,预防性抗凝5 d组和预防性抗凝10 d组术后1个月内VTE发生率分别为0.52%(4/762)和0.49%(1/206),3组患者术后1个月内VTE发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.593)。未接受抗凝治疗组和预防性抗凝5 d组术后1个月内未发生出血性事件;预防性抗凝10 d组术后出现血尿1例,发生率为0.49%(1/206),3组患者术后1个月内出血性事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.191)。结论大隐静脉射频闭合术后预防性抗凝使用利伐沙班未能明显降低VTE发生率,但也不会增加出血风险。

膈下逐瘀汤联合地奥司明对大隐静脉曲张术后凝血机制的影响

目的探讨大隐静脉曲张手术患者应用膈下逐瘀汤联合地奥司明治疗对凝血机制的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年4月于绍兴市中医院接受大隐静脉曲张手术的60例患者,根据随机数字表法将纳入患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例,对照组患者予地奥司明治疗,观察组患者予地奥司明+膈下逐瘀汤治疗。比较两组患者的凝血指标、血管内皮功能、炎症因子水平。结果治疗后,观察组患者的Krüppel样转录因子、活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间、一氧化氮、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-10均显著高于对照组,纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1型、血管性血友病因子、内皮素-1、超敏C反应蛋白、IL-2、IL-6均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论膈下逐瘀汤联合地奥司明用于大隐静脉曲张术后患者可改善机体高凝状态和血管内皮功能,降低机体炎症因子水平,值得临床推广应用。

射频及激光消融术治疗大隐静脉曲张的疗效研究

目的探讨射频及激光消融术治疗大隐静脉曲张的疗效。方法选取2018年1月至2021年1月就诊于北京中医药大学附属护国寺中医医院血管外科行手术治疗的大隐静脉曲张患者280例为研究对象,根据手术方法不同分为射频组及激光组,射频组采用大隐静脉射频消融术(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)+泡沫硬化剂注射术+点式剥脱术,共140例患者,140条患肢;激光组采用大隐静脉高位结扎+主干激光消融术+泡沫硬化剂注射术+点式剥脱术,共140例患者,140条患肢。对比2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、血小板(platelet,PLT)、D⁃二聚体(D⁃dimer,D⁃D)、视觉模拟量表(visual ana⁃logue scale,VAS)评分、静脉临床严重程度量表(venous clinical severity scale,VCSS)评分、并发症发生率、大隐静脉闭合及复发情况。结果射频组患者手术时间、住院时间短于激光组患者,术中出血量少于激光组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗后D⁃D水平均低于治疗前,射频组治疗后PLT水平降低,激光组治疗后PLT水平升高,射频组治疗后PLT和D⁃D水平低于激光组治疗后,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。射频组患者术后6 h及48 h VAS评分均低于激光组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术前VCSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);射频组患者术后1个月VCSS评分低于激光组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后闭合及复发情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后射频组患者并发症发生率低于激光组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用RFA治疗大隐静脉曲张,能降低患者术后PLT、D⁃D水平,有效控制静脉严重程度,减少并发症发生率,且无需高位结扎大隐静脉,更具微创性。

经内窥镜大隐静脉获取术在冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用的学习曲线

【目的】探讨内窥镜获取大隐静脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用并探讨学习曲线,重点关注初学者易发生的问题及对早期临床结果的影响。【方法】回顾性分析2013年7月至2014年4月在郑州大学第一附属医院心外科接受不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术并使用内窥镜技术获取大隐静脉的83例患者的临床资料,按照手术时间的先后顺序分为A组(初学组20例)、B组(熟悉组20例)、C组(进步组20例)、D组(成熟组23例),分析各组之间患者围术期及随访结果差异,明确学习曲线周期。【结果】该组患者年龄为(60.22±8.06)岁,体质量为(69.77±11.66)kg,其中合并高血压24例、糖尿病26例、亚急性脑梗14例。A组相对于后三组获取大隐静脉长度与时间比值明显较小(P<0.001),静脉主干损伤数量明显较多(P=0.006),并且随访1年时静脉桥通畅率较低,但差异无统计学意义。【结论】内窥镜获取大隐静脉之前技术操作培训是必要的,能有效规避初学者造成的血管损伤,实际获取的过程中大概需要亲自操作20例,并认真总结技术技巧就可以较为熟练地进行相关操作。

经同侧大隐静脉入路髂静脉成型及支架植入术在日间治疗模式中的应用

目的:探讨髂静脉狭窄患者经同侧大隐静脉入路髂静脉成型及支架植入术在日间治疗模式中应用的可行性和近期疗效。方法:回顾性分析2017年2月至2022年3月经同侧大隐静脉入路实施髂静脉成型及支架植入术日间模式治疗的病例,共21例,男6例,女15例,年龄37~79岁[(62.5±10.2)岁]。髂静脉狭窄中单纯累及髂总静脉16例,单纯累及髂外静脉2例,同时累及髂总及髂外静脉3例,均通过同侧大隐静脉入路行髂静脉成型及髂静脉支架植入术,同时存在大隐静脉瓣膜功能不全的单纯髂静脉狭窄患者同期行大隐静脉射频闭合及曲张静脉硬化治疗术。术后规律直接口服抗凝药治疗及压力治疗,所有患者住院时间均于小于24 h。结果:所有21例患者手术均成功(手术成功率100%),术中无并发症,术后即刻并发症中穿刺点出血1例,加压包扎纱布被完全浸湿,经再次压迫止血5 min后渗血停止,所有患者住院时间均于小于24 h。随访结果:术后3个月随访率100%,其中绝对有效18例(18/21,85.7%),相对有效(术后仍有色素沉着,但范围减小)3例(3/21,14.3%)。髂静脉支架均通畅,同期行大隐静脉射频治疗患者射频治疗段大隐静脉主干均闭合良好。术后6个月随访率71.4%(15/21),其中绝对有效14例(14/15,93.3%),相对有效(术后仍有色素沉着,但范围减小)1例(1/15,6.7%)。髂静脉支架均通畅,同期行大隐静脉射频治疗患者射频治疗段大隐静脉主干均闭合良好。结论:经大隐静脉入路髂静脉狭窄的介入治疗技术在日间治疗模式中可行,有明确优势,近期疗效满意。

正念减压疗法在大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者围术期中的应用效果

目的探究正念减压疗法在大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者围术期中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月—2022年6月收治的90例大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍,采用随机数字表法随机将其分为试验组和对照组2组各45例。试验组围术期在常规治疗基础上给予正念减压疗法,对照组围术期给予常规治疗。比较2组入院当天和出院当天应对方式(采用简易应对方式问卷评估)、心理状态[采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估]和睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估],以及出院当天住院满意度。结果出院当天,2组积极应对评分、消极应对评分、SAS评分、SDS评分和PSQI评分均优于入院当天;试验组积极应对评分、消极应对评分、SAS评分、SDS评分、PSQI评分和住院满意度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论围术期实施正念减压疗法有助于改善大隐静脉曲张伴睡眠障碍患者应对方式、心理状态、睡眠质量,且患者住院满意度较高。

射频消融术、改良大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术分别联合泡沫硬化剂治疗大隐静脉曲张的效果比较

目的探讨射频消融术、改良大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术分别联合泡沫硬化剂治疗对大隐静脉曲张患者的治疗效果。方法收集2021年3月至2022年6月北京中医药大学附属护国寺中医医院收治的88例大隐静脉曲张患者的临床资料,按照治疗方式的不同将其分为射频消融组(n=45,采用射频消融联合泡沫硬化剂治疗)和改良高位结扎剥脱术组(n=43,采用改良下隐静脉高位结扎点式剥脱术联合泡沫硬化剂治疗)。比较两组患者手术情况、术后并发症和复发情况、炎症因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、静脉临床严重程度评分(VCSS)。结果射频消融组患者术中出血量低于改良高位结扎剥脱组患者,手术时间、术后住院时间均短于改良高位结扎剥脱术组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。改良高位结扎剥脱术组患者复发率为4.65%(2/43),与射频消融组患者的2.22%(1/45)比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。改良高位结扎剥脱术组患者皮下血肿、切口愈合不良发生率均高于射频消融组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者各炎症因子水平均高于本组术前,但射频消融组患者的各炎症因子水平均低于改良高位结扎剥脱术组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者VCSS、VAS评分均低于本组术前,且射频消融组患者VCSS、VAS评分均低于改良高位结扎剥脱术组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论射频消融术、改良高位结扎剥脱术分别联合泡沫硬化剂对大隐静脉曲张均具有一定的治疗效果,其中射频消融术联合泡沫硬化剂能减少患者术中出血量,缩短患者的手术时间、住院时间,减轻疼痛,并发症少且静脉曲张患者的术后炎症反应较轻,更利于恢复。

碳酸氢钠在大隐静脉曲张射频消融术中的应用价值

目的探讨碳酸氢钠(NaHCO_(3))在大隐静脉曲张射频消融术中的应用价值。方法收集2022年1―12月于首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院接受射频消融术治疗的290例大隐静脉曲张患者的临床资料,按照术中是否使用了NaHCO_(3)将患者分为NaHCO_(3)组(n=139)和对照组(n=151)。比较两组患者的大隐静脉曲张专科信息[病程、临床表现-病因学-解剖学-病理生理学(CEAP)分级]、手术相关指标(手术时间、术中出血量)、围手术期手术部位视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和住院期间手术相关并发症发生情况。结果两组患者的病程、CEAP分级、手术时间和术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。NaHCO_(3)组患者注射麻醉肿胀液时、射频治疗时、术后1 h、术后6 h的VAS评分均明显低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);两组患者术后24 h的VAS评分,住院期间局部血肿、隐神经损伤、皮肤灼伤的发生率,以及术前、术后次日的尿液酸碱值(pH)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论在采用射频消融术治疗大隐静脉曲张时,在麻醉肿胀液中加入NaHCO_(3)有利于减轻患者围手术期手术部位的疼痛感,同时没有增加住院期间手术相关并发症的发生风险。

超声引导下股神经阻滞联合硬膜外麻醉在大隐静脉激光闭合术中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下股神经阻滞联合硬膜外麻醉在大隐静脉激光闭合术中的应用效果。方法收集2020年5月至2023年7月于铜陵市人民医院接受大隐静脉激光闭合术治疗的120例大隐静脉曲张患者的临床资料,根据麻醉方式的不同将患者分为联合组(n=57)和对照组(n=63)。联合组患者在手术过程中采用超声引导下股神经阻滞联合硬膜外麻醉,对照组仅采用硬膜外麻醉。比较两组患者的手术指标、麻醉相关指标、术后不同时间(术后1、6、12、24 h)的疼痛感[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]、术后首次下床活动时间及术后并发症的发生情况。结果联合组患者的手术时间短于对照组患者(P﹤0.05);两组患者的术中输液量比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。在首次穿刺大隐静脉时和手术完成即刻两个时间点,联合组患者的心率和平均动脉压均低于对照组患者(P﹤0.05)。联合组患者术后各时间点的VAS评分均明显低于对照组患者,术后首次下床活动时间明显短于对照组患者(P﹤0.01)。两组患者术后并发症发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论对于行大隐静脉激光闭合术的大隐静脉曲张患者,超声引导下股神经阻滞联合硬膜外麻醉可以安全、显著地改善其术后疼痛感,同时改善患者围手术期心率、血压,缩短手术时间,且不会增加术后并发症。

大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+低分子肝素或利伐沙班治疗股腘深静脉反流的疗效对比

目的探讨大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+低分子肝素或利伐沙班治疗股腘深静脉反流的临床疗效和安全性。方法收集2020年1月至2022年1月承德医学院附属医院收治的200例股腘深静脉反流患者的临床资料。按照治疗方法的不同将其分为对照组(n=100,采用大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+低分子肝素治疗)和观察组(n=100,采用大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+利伐沙班治疗)。比较两组患者静脉临床严重程度(VCSS)、手术前后劳动能力丧失程度、生活质量及术后和随访期间并发症发生情况。结果术后,观察组患者静脉临床严重程度评分(VCSS)、劳动能力丢失评分(VDS)均低于对照组患者,下肢慢性静脉功能不全问卷(CIVIQ)评分高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+利伐沙班治疗股腘深静脉反流的临床疗效优于大隐静脉高位结扎联合静脉腔内激光术+低分子肝素,安全性较高,可显著改善患者治疗后劳动力、生活质量,有较高的临床应用价值。