Expression and significance of carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 153, and cyclooxygenase-2 in breast cancer

Objective This study aimed to evaluate serum and nipple discharge levels of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and cancer antigen 153(CA153) and tissue cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) expression in breast cancer cases and associations of these proteins with breast cancer metastasis.Methods The immunohistochemical Ultra Sensitive^(TM) S-P method was used to detect COX-2 expression in 77 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Of these cases, 52 exhibited CEA and CA153 in both serum and nipple discharge(electrochemiluminescence method), and associations of these biomarkers with breast cancer prognosis were studied. Sixty cases of benign breast lesion were selected as a control group. Overall survival of breast carcinoma patients was evaluated. COX-2 expression was evaluated relative to clinicopathological features and CEA and CA153 levels, and its role in invasiveness was investigated.Results Among cases of invasive breast cancer, 72.7%(56/77) were COX-2 immunopositive, compared to 16.7% of benign lesions(χ2 = 66.745, P = 0.000) percentage of positive cells. COX-2 overexpression in breast cancer correlated positively with histological grade(II vs III; χ2 = 4.064, P = 0.043), lymph node metastasis(χ2 = 9.135, P = 0.003), and distant metastasis(χ2 = 8.021, P = 0.003). However, COX-2 expression did not correlate with age(≤ 50 vs 50 years) or tumor size(≤ 5 vs > 5 cm)(χ2 = 0.081, P = 0.776 and χ2 = 3.702, P = 0.054, respectively). Among breast cancer patients, COX-2 overexpression in tumors also correlated with shorter overall survival(P < 0.05). In brief, increased COX-2 expression correlates with worse prognosis and shorter overall survival. Malignant lesions were associated with significantly higher serum and nipple discharge levels of biomarkers, relative to benign lesions(P < 0.05). These biomarkers were present at significantly higher levels in nipple discharge than in serum(P < 0.05). Furthermore, significantly higher nipple discharge levels of CEA and CA153 were observed in COX-2-positive breast carcinoma patients, compared to COX-2-negative patients(P <0.05). Shorter overall survival in cancer patients group related to COX-2 overexpression in tumors(P < 0.05).Conclusion The study suggests that COX-2 overexpression correlates with poor clinicopathological parameters in breast cancers and might be an important biological marker of invasion and metastasis. The findings of the present study suggest that combined detection of COX-2 tissue expression and CEA and CA153 in serum and nipple discharge could facilitate clinical monitoring and diagnosis of metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Expression of Mammaglobin and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Breast Cancer Using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is among the most common causes of cancer related mortality in women worldwide. Early detection and prompt diagnosis of tumor is the first step to prevent cancer-related morbidity and mortality, and a comprehensive understanding of the involved molecular mechanisms can greatly help in this respect. Breast cancer, like many other types of cancer, is caused by a combination of genetic and epigenetic changes such as inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 40 breast cancer patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real time qRT-PCR) was used to assess the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mammaglobin mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients and healthy controls. The two groups were compared using t-test. Results: The two groups were not significantly different in terms of the mean age. Twenty-nine out of 40 cancer patients were positive for CEA mRNA and its sensitivity was calculated to be 72.5%. Twelve out of 40 healthy controls were positive for CEA mRNA. Twenty-six out of 40 patients were positive for mammaglobin mRNA indicative of 65% sensitivity while only five out of 40 healthy controls were positive for mammaglobin mRNA. Conclusion: Both CEA and mammaglobin mRNA had high sensitivity in cancer patients;thus, they can be used for screening and early detection of breast cancer patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the current findings.

Cellular metabolic energy modulation by tangeretin in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced breast cancer

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide.Chemoprevention and chemotherapy play beneficial roles in reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer.Epidemiological and experimental studies showed that naturally-occurring antioxidants present in the diet may act as anticancer agents.Identifying the abnormalities of cellular energy metabolism facilitates early detection and management of breast cancer.The present study evaluated the effect of tangeretin on cellular metabolic energy fluxes in 7,12-dimethylbenz（a）anthracene（DMBA）-induced proliferative breast cancer.The results showed that the activities of glycolytic enzymes significantly increased in mammary tissues of DMBA-induced breast cancer bearing rats.The gluconeogenic tricarboxylic acid（TCA） cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities significantly decreased in breast cancer-bearing rats.In addition,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues.However,the activities of glycolytic enzymes were significantly normalized in the tangeretin pre- and post-treated rats and the TCA cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities were significantly increased in tangeretin treated rats.Furthermore,tangeretin down-regulated PCNA expression on breast cancerbearing rats.Our study demonstrates that tangeretin specifically regulates cellular metabolic energy fluxes in DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats.

Improved detection Of the MUC1 cancer antigen CA 15-3 by ALYGNSA fluorimmunoassay

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths in women worldwide;a prime cancer biomarker to aid in the diagnosis, directed treatment, clinical management, and reoccurrence of this cancer is a MUC1 peptide fragment: cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3). Herein, an immuno-fluorescence assay for CA 15-3 was developed;this ALYGNSA system consists of a protein biolinker (Protein G’) adsorbed onto Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The unique interaction of Protein G’ with PMMA, a thermo-plastic polymer has been demonstrated to improve human IgG capture antibody alignment/ orientation and result in greater assay sensitivity. Indeed a previous report (HEALTH 1 325 - 329, 2009) on the shed extracellular domain of HER-2/neu revealed a 10-fold increase in sensitivity of the ALYGSNA assay over a control ELISA assay. Results from this ALYGNSA assay study revealed that a 16-fold increase in detection (≤0.94 U/mL) of CA 15-3 was found in comparison to a commercial control ELISA kit (≤15 U/mL). In conclusion, this enhanced sensitivity of the ALYGNSA assay for CA 15-3, may provide insights into the role/function of this biomarker in normal, as well as, breast cancer and other epithelial cancers.

卡瑞利珠单抗、阿帕替尼联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期三阴性乳腺癌的临床研究

目的探究卡瑞利珠单抗、阿帕替尼联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期三阴性乳腺癌的临床效果。方法前瞻性选取2020年1月至2022年1月郑州大学第二附属医院收治的122例晚期三阴性乳腺癌患者纳入研究,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各61例,对照组患者采用阿帕替尼+卡培他滨二线治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗的基础上联合卡瑞利珠单抗治疗。一个疗程21 d,治疗2个疗程。治疗2个疗程后,比较两组患者的临床疗效,以及治疗前后的肿瘤标志物水平[糖类抗原15-3(CA15-3)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]和免疫功能,同时比较两组患者治疗期间的药物不良反应。随访1年,比较两组患者的生存情况。结果观察组患者的客观缓解率和疾病控制率分别为59.02%、81.97%,明显高于对照组的39.34%、65.57%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,两组患者的血清CA15-3、CEA水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组患者的血清CA15-3、CEA水平均降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者的CD3+、CD8+水平均升高,且观察组明显高于对照组,治疗后,两组患者的CD4+均降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗期间的不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访1年,观察组失访1例,对照组失访2例,观察组患者的中位无进展生存时间为11.55个月,明显长于对照组的6.98个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡瑞利珠单抗、阿帕替尼联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期三阴性乳腺癌,可有效调节患者的肿瘤标志物,提高客观缓解率,促进免疫功能的恢复、延长患者的生存期且安全性良好。

Would cancer stem cells affect the future investment in stem cell therapy?

The common goal within the overwhelming interests in stem cell research is to safely translate the science to patients. Although there are various methods by which this goal can be reached, this editorial emphasizes the safety of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) transplant and possible confounds by the growing information on cancer stem cells(CSCs). There are several ongoing clinical trials with MSCs and their interactions with CSCs need to be examined. The rapid knowledge on MSCs and CSCs has now collided with regards to the safe treatment of MSCs. The information discussed on MSCs can be extrapolated to other stem cells with similar phenotype and functions such as placenta stem cells. MSCs are attractive for cell therapy, mainly due to reduced ethical concerns, ease in expansion and reduced ability to be transformed. Also, MSCs can exert both immune suppressor and tissue regeneration simultaneously. It is expected that any clinical trial with MSCs will take precaution to ensure that the cells are not transformed. However, going forward, the different centers should be aware that MSCs might undergo oncogenic events, especially as undifferentiated cells or early differentiated cells. Another major concern for MSC therapy is their ability to promote tumor growth and perhaps, to protect CSCs by altered immune responses. These issues are discussed in light of a large number of undiagnosed cancers.

IL-35、Beclin-1在乳腺癌患者外周血中的水平及意义

目的探讨白细胞介素(IL)-35、自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1在乳腺癌患者外周血中的水平及意义。方法选取2022年5-10月在上海市嘉定区妇幼保健院诊治的原发性乳腺癌女性患者44例(乳腺癌组)、乳腺良性肿瘤女性患者40例(乳腺良性肿瘤组)及体检的健康者40例(健康对照组)作为研究对象。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测并比较各组外周血中IL-35和Beclin-1水平,同时检测乳腺癌患者糖类抗原15-3(CA15-3),比较不同临床病理特征的乳腺癌患者IL-35、Beclin-1、CA15-3水平;分析乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35、Beclin-1、CA15-3水平之间的相关性。结果乳腺癌组和乳腺良性肿瘤组外周血IL-35水平均高于健康对照组(P<0.05),Beclin-1水平均低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。乳腺癌组外周血IL-35水平高于乳腺良性肿瘤组(P<0.05),Beclin-1水平低于乳腺良性肿瘤组(P<0.05)。不同病理分级、淋巴结转移情况的乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35、Beclin-1水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同雌激素受体(ER)检测结果的乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而Beclin-1水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35水平与Beclin-1水平呈负相关(r=-0.484,P<0.05);IL-35、Beclin-1水平与CA15-3水平均无相关性(均P>0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35水平升高、Beclin-1水平降低。不同病理分级、淋巴结转移情况的乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35、Beclin-1水平有明显差异。乳腺癌患者外周血IL-35水平与Beclin-1水平呈负相关,而IL-35、Beclin-1水平与肿瘤标志物CA15-3水平均无关。

血清CA153,CA125水平与老年Luminal型乳腺癌患者内分泌治疗耐药的关系

目的探究老年Luminal型乳腺癌患者血清糖类抗原153(CA153)、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平与内分泌治疗耐药的相关性。方法选取158例2018年6月至2022年6月于甘肃省肿瘤医院接受乳腺癌内分泌治疗后复查的60岁以上已绝经的Luminal型乳腺癌患者,根据是否出现耐药,分为耐药组(n=104)和敏感组(n=54)。对比两组患者的一般资料,Spearman相关性分析血清CA153、CA125水平与临床病理特征的关系,限制性立方样条模型(RCS)分析血清CA153和CA125水平与内分泌耐药的剂量-反应关系,Logisitic回归分析内分泌治疗耐药的危险因素。以危险因素建立临床预测模型,其中模型一不包含CA153,模型二包含全部因素,对两个预测模型进行ROC分析和Hosmer-Lemeshow检验。结果158例患者内分泌治疗耐药率为65.83%,两组患者的年龄、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、T分期、N分期、组织学分级、血清CA153水平、血清CA125水平的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CA153,CA125水平与年龄、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、T分期、N分期均呈正相关,血清CA153,CA125水平与组织学分级呈负相关。调整混杂因素后,血清CA153水平>171.28 U/mL、CA125水平>186.32 U/mL与内分泌治疗耐药具有强相关性。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄、肿瘤较大、T分期较高、N分期较高、组织学分级G3、血清CA153水较高、血清CA125水较高均是内分泌治疗耐药的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。模型一的ROC曲线下面积为0.823(95%CI:0.702~0.862),模型二的ROC曲线下面积为0.884(95%CI:0.783~0.891)。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示预测模型一P=0.763,预测模型二P=0.975,均提示拟合优度良好。结论血清CA153,CA125水平具有对内分泌治疗耐药的预测价值,血清CA153,CA125水平越高则内分泌治疗耐药风险越高。

钼靶和超声多普勒结合血清肿瘤标志物诊断早期乳腺癌研究

目的:探讨钼靶、超声多普勒和血清肿瘤标志物中血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、血清糖类抗原15-3(CA153)、黏蛋白1(MUC1)、人类生长分化因子3(GDF3)单独及联合检测在早期乳腺癌诊断中的价值。方法:选取2018年1月至2021年12月在唐山市人民医院经病理检查确诊的96例乳腺癌患者(乳腺癌组)和同期在本院接受诊治的70例乳腺良性疾病患者(良性病灶组)以及同时选取在本院体检健康的50名体检者(健康对照组),以术后病理检查为“金标准”,比较钼靶、超声多普勒检查以及血清PSA、CA153、MUC1、GDF3单独及6者联合应用对乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果:乳腺癌组96例乳腺癌患者中有78例乳腺超声诊断为恶性,阳性检出率为81.3%;80例钼靶X射线检查诊断为恶性,阳性检出率为83.1%;乳腺癌组的血清PSA、CA153、MUC1及GDF3的水平明显高于良性病灶组和健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t_(良性病灶组)=8.783、10.361、11.258、18.965;t_(健康对照组)=9.564、12.658、12.688、20.163,P<0.05);以乳腺癌作为因变量,血清PSA、CA153、MUC1及GDF3为自变量,进行Logistic回归分析,血清PSA、CA153、MUC1及GDF3是乳腺癌的重要危险因素(OR=1.165、1.168、1.472、1.248,P<0.05);受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标单独应用时:乳腺超声、钼靶,血清PSA、CA153、MUC1及GDF3的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)(95%CI)、灵敏度和特异度分别为0.723(0.595~0.851)、82.56%和67.32%,0.761(0.636~0.886)、85.79%和65.36%,0.833(0.726~0.941)、81.48%和85.73%,0.837(0.738~0.926)、61.25%和70.17%,0.768(0.648~0.889)、71.49%和80.87%,0.613(0.469~0.758)、52.94%和50.57%;而6项联合应用时AUC(95%CI)、灵敏度和特异度分别为0.958(0.905~0.999)、96.37%和84.83%,其诊断效能更高。结论:钼靶、超声多普勒和血清PSA、CA153、MUC1、GDF3联合检测效能高于单独检测,有助于早期鉴别和诊断乳腺癌。

血清癌胚抗原、糖类抗原125、糖类抗原153单独及联合检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原(CA)125、CA153单独及联合检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法选取172例行乳腺癌手术的乳腺疾病患者,根据术后病理结果分为乳腺癌组(92例)和乳腺良性病变组(80例),另选取80例健康体检者作为健康组。比较3组受试者CEA、CA125、CA153水平和阳性表达情况,以及不同病理特征乳腺癌患者CEA、CA125、CA153的阳性表达情况。以病理检查结果为金标准,比较CEA、CA125、CA153单独及联合检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果乳腺癌组患者CEA、CA125、CA153水平和阳性表达率均高于乳腺良性病变组和健康组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。临床分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、肿瘤大小≥5 cm、有淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者CEA、CA125、CA153的阳性表达率分别高于临床分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、肿瘤大小﹤5 cm、无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。CEA、CA125、CA153联合检测诊断乳腺癌的准确度、灵敏度均高于各指标单独检测。结论CEA、CA125、CA153在乳腺癌患者中的表达水平和阳性表达率较高,与乳腺癌的发生及发展有关,三者联合检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值较高。

Tumor-Specific Histo-Blood Group Antigens: Apropos of Two Cases

Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltransferases may suffer from posttranslation sequence modification. The author describes 2 autopsy cases, where in the background of the unusual metastatic tumor presentation, incompatible blood group antigenic determinants have been demonstrated using blood group specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the first case, reported here, a 10-year-old girl developed an acute myeloid leukemia and died in a septic endotoxin shock after successful cytostatic treatment of a juvenile signet ring cell cancer of her colon. At autopsy there were no signs of tumor except bilateral apple-sized mucinous ovarian (Krukenberg) metastases. While she had erythrocyte phenotype of blood group A, the signet ring adenocarcinoma cells expressed blood group B incompatible antigenic determinants with lectin/mAb. In the second case, the autopsy of a 78-year-old female resulted in no macroscopic tumor sign except a moderately enlarged, ham hard spleen. Light microscopy revealed adenocarcinomatous infiltration in the splenic sinusoids. The patient had blood group O, while the metastatic cells in the spleen reacted with Breast Carcinoma Antigen (BioGenex) and incompatible anti-B Banderiaeasimplicifolia agglutinin I and anti-B mAb. It proved to be a case of an occult, completely regressed breast cancer. Based on these observations the expression of tumor specific incompatible blood group antigens might occur from time to time, mostly in adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, blood group-based specific immuno-oncotherapy could be considered in some cancer cases.

吡咯替尼靶向治疗对不同CA125表达水平的乳腺癌患者的治疗效果

目的:探讨吡咯替尼靶向治疗对不同癌抗原125(CA125)表达水平的乳腺癌患者的治疗效果。方法:选取106例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,将CA125>16 U/mL的52例患者作为对照组;CA125≤31.47 U/mL的54例患者作为研究组,两组患者均采用吡咯替尼靶向治疗4个月。观察两组治疗前及治疗4个月后临床疗效,检测比较两组治疗前后免疫球蛋白、肿瘤血管生长因子、肿瘤标志物、炎症反应水平。结果:与对照组相比,研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、癌抗原153(CA153)、组织多肽特异性抗原(TPS)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-ɑ)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,研究组皮肤破溃缓解、疼痛缓解、乳腺肿块缓解、淋巴结肿大缓解时间均较短(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者采用吡咯替尼靶向治疗后,可抑制肿瘤标志物表达,改善患者免疫功能,且相对于CA125高表达水平的患者,CA125低表达患者治疗效果较好,可改善患者临床症状,促使患者的恢复。

^(99)Tc^(m)-MIBI乳腺癌显像与Ki-67预测新辅助化疗疗效的价值

目的探讨乳腺癌摄取^(99)Tc^(m)-甲氧异腈(MIBI)与Ki-67抗原表达的关系,并验证Ki-67预测新辅助化疗(NAC)疗效的价值。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年3月于宁夏医科大学总医院就诊的47例乳腺癌患者NAC前后双时相^(99)Tc^(m)-MIBI SPECT/CT断层融合显像,分析T/N比值和肿瘤大小在治疗前后的变化及与Ki-67之间的关系。采用两样本t检验、直线相关性及χ^(2)检验分析数据。结果乳腺癌^(99)Tc^(m)-MIBI显像NAC前后20 min T/N比值、2 h T/N比值下降差异有统计意义(P<0.05),肿瘤NAC化疗前后最大径缩小差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ki-67高表达组与低表达组患者NAC后T/N比值下降和肿瘤缩小差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ki-67的表达与20 min和2 h T/N比值有相关性(P<0.05)。结论Ki-67抗原表达和乳腺^(99)Tc^(m)-MIBI显像有助于了解肿瘤增殖,Ki-67抗原表达对NAC疗效有预测价值,可用于指导临床治疗。

三阴性乳腺癌患者血清组织多肽抗原和糖类抗原的表达及其对复发的预测价值

目的探讨三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)患者血清组织多肽抗原(tissue polypeptide antigen,TPA)与糖类抗原(carbohydrate antigen)CA15-3表达的相关性及其对术后复发事件的预测价值。方法对组织多肽抗原TPA和糖类抗原CA15-3在三阴性乳腺癌和非三阴乳腺癌患者血清中的表达水平进行组间比较。三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达的相关性及临床意义进行分析。依据TNBC患者稳定期与术后复发患者检测结果,分析TPA、CA15-3表达对短期复发事件的影响及术后短期复发事件的预测效能。结果三阴性乳腺癌与非三阴乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平及TNBC早期、中期患者组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达相关系数在0.01的水平上呈显著正相关。TNBC患者术后复发事件与稳定期组患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三阴性乳腺癌患者血清TPA、CA15-3表达水平的ROC曲线分析结果显示,预测效能敏感度、特异度有统计学意义。结论组织多肽抗原TPA与糖类抗原CA15-3可能是三阴性乳腺癌患者预后的预测靶基因,作为复发事件的生物学观察指标,具有重要的临床意义。

血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA对乳腺癌的诊断及预测术后复发的价值

目的 探讨血清C角蛋白19片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原153(CA153)、癌胚抗原(CEA)对乳腺癌的诊断及预测术后复发的价值。方法 选取2019年9月至2020年8月在平顶山市第一人民医院诊治的97例乳腺癌患者作为研究组,随访3 a,按照术后有无复发分为复发组19例和未复发组78例,并选取同期健康体检者50例作为对照组,比较研究组与对照组、复发组与未复发组血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA水平,并分析血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA对乳腺癌的诊断价值,以及对乳腺癌术后复发的预测价值。结果 研究组血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA、四者联合诊断乳腺癌的AUC分别为0.784、0.722、0.754、0.821、0.888,在最佳临界值对应的敏感度、特异度CA125为59.8%、100.0%,CA153为55.7%、100.0%,CEA为58.8%、100.0%,四者联合为70.4%、100.0%。复发组血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA水平高于未复发组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA预测乳腺癌术后复发的AUC分别0.843、0.862、0.825、0.731、0.914,在最佳临界值对应的敏感度、特异度CA125为68.4%、100%,CA153为73.7%、74.4%,CEA为57.9%、88.5%,四者联合为78.9%、96.2%。结论 血清CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA153、CEA四者联合对乳腺癌诊断和预测术后复发均具有较高的价值。

乳腺癌患者血清CEA、AFp、CA125联合检测的临床意义及应用价值分析

目的分析乳腺癌患者血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFp)、糖类抗原125(CA125)联合检测的临床意义及应用价值。方法在漯河市舞阳县人民医院选取27例乳腺癌患者作为试验A组研究对象,选取28例良性乳腺疾病患者作为试验B组研究对象,再选取27例参与健康体检的女性作为对照组研究对象。采用分层整群抽样法纳入样本,纳入时间为2020年6月至2023年6月。对比三组研究对象的CEA、AFp、CA125检查结果。对比各检测指标单项检测与三项联合检测诊断特异度、敏感度、准确度。结果试验A组CEA、AFp、CA125水平高于试验B组、对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);金标准(病理检查)检查发现阳性27例,阴性55例;CEA检查诊断阳性20例,阴性62例;AFp检查诊断阳性18例,阴性64例;CA125检查诊断阳性21例,阴性61例,联合检查诊断阳性26例,阴性56例;三项指标联合诊断准确度、灵敏度及特异度(96.34%、92.59%、98.18%)相较于单独CEA检查(71.95%、44.44%、85.45%)、单独AFp检查(71.95%、40.74%、87.27%)、单独CA125检查(73.17%、48.15%、85.45%)高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论联合检测血清CEA、AFp、CA125可用于乳腺癌诊断,值得应用。

乳腺癌患者血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP与骨密度的关系及对骨质疏松症的预测价值

目的分析乳腺癌患者血清癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1(CEACAM1)、骨标志物硬化蛋白(SOST)、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端延长肽(P1NP)与骨密度的关系及对骨质疏松症的预测价值。方法选定52例乳腺癌患者进行回顾性研究,将其设为乳腺癌组,另选取同期本院乳腺专科接诊的50例乳腺良性增生患者,将其设为乳腺良性增生组,选取同期本院体检中心53例单纯绝经者,将其设为对照组;乳腺癌患者入院时均采用双能X线骨密度测量仪测量腰椎骨密度,依据骨密度将患者分为骨质疏松组(n=10)、骨密度低下组(n=36)、骨密度正常组(n=6);采用免疫发光法检测研究对象血清CEACAM1、P1NP水平,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测SOST水平;比较乳腺癌患者化疗前后血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平及腰椎骨密度,比较乳腺癌患者中不同骨密度组血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平;采用Pearson分析血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平与腰椎骨密度的关系,ROC曲线分析血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平对骨质疏松症的预测价值。结果乳腺癌组患者化疗前后血清CEACAM1水平、腰椎骨密度均低于乳腺良性增生组和对照组,而SOST、P1NP水平高于乳腺良性增生组和对照组(P<0.05);乳腺癌患者化疗后血清CEACAM1水平、腰椎骨密度值均低于化疗前,而血清SOST、P1NP水平均高于化疗前(P<0.05);乳腺癌骨质疏松组患者血清CEACAM1水平低于骨密度低下组和骨密度正常组(P<0.05),而血清SOST、P1NP水平高于骨密度低下组和骨密度正常组(P<0.05);血清CEACAM1水平与腰椎骨密度呈正相关性(r=0.405,P<0.05),血清SOST、P1NP水平与腰椎骨密度均呈负相关性(r=-0.399、-0.412,P<0.05);血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平联合检测预测骨质疏松症的AUC是0.799,(95%CI为0.721~0.957),灵敏度、特异度均高于单独检测(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平与骨密度存在一定的相关性,血清CEACAM1、SOST、P1NP水平联合检测可提高对骨质疏松症的预测灵敏度及特异度。

乳腺癌超声多模态成像参数与CA153、CA125表达相关性及诊断价值研究

目的 探讨乳腺癌超声多模态成像参数与糖类抗原153(CA153)、125(CA125)表达相关性及诊断价值。方法 选取我院收治的女性乳腺单发结节患者260例,根据术后病理结果分为恶性组和良性组,其中乳腺癌患者109例为恶性组,乳腺良性肿瘤151例为良性组,分析应用超声多模态成像参数联合血清肿瘤标志物对乳腺肿瘤良恶性的鉴别诊断价值。结果 恶性组肿块的最大血流速度、血流阻力指数及搏动指数均高于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);恶性组肿块超声造影时间-强度曲线的峰值强度、上升支斜率及梯度均高于良性组,而达峰时间则短于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);恶性组CA153及CA125水平均高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);恶性组患者除达峰时间与血清CA153及CA125均呈负相关外,其余超声指标均与血清CA153及CA125呈正相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析,结果发现最大血流速度、血流阻力、搏动指数、峰值强度、上升支斜率、达峰时间、梯度、CA153、CA125是乳腺恶性结节独立危险因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线结果显示超声血流参数、超声造影、CA153、CA125及联合应用的AUC分别为0.812、0.890,0.712、0.634及0.953;联合应用的诊断效能明显高于超声血流参数、超声造影、 CA153、CA125(P<0.05)。结论 超声多模态成像参数联合血清肿瘤标志物对乳腺肿瘤良恶性的鉴别诊断性能较高,具有很好的临床应用价值。

多模式MRI联合CA125、CA153、CA199预测乳腺癌术后复发转移的临床价值研究

目的探讨多模式MRI联合血清糖类抗原CA125、CA153、CA199预测乳腺癌术后复发转移的临床价值。方法分析2018年6月至2021年6月在我院行乳腺癌根治术的486例患者临床资料,按术后复发转移情况分为复发转移组(65例)和未复发转移组(421例),比较两组多模式MRI检查相关参数[转移常数(K^(trans))、速率常数(K_(ep))、表观弥散系数(ADC)]以及血清CA125、CA153、CA199水平差异,ROC曲线分析多模式MRI联合血清肿瘤标志物检查对乳腺癌术后复发转移的预测价值。结果与未复发转移组比较,复发转移组绝经情况、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分期差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);复发转移组K^(trans)、K_(ep)均高于未复发转移组(P<0.05),ADC值低于未复发转移组(P<0.05);复发转移组血清CA125、CA153、CA199水平均高于未复发转移组(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,K^(trans)、K_(ep)、ADC值、血清CA125、CA153、CA199单独诊断乳腺癌术后复发转移的AUC分别为0.768、0.852、0.735、0.914、0.927、0.859(P<0.05),联合诊断的AUC为0.978(P<0.05)。结论多模式MRI联合CA125、CA153、CA199对乳腺癌术后复发转移具有较好的预测价值,值得推广应用。