Histochemical Patterns of Collagenic Fibers in the Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. An increased incidence of different types of breast cancer has been reported. This study was designed to evaluate the different types of breast cancer and its possible risk of neoplasmic transformation to an advanced malignant stage from a benign tumor. The histochemical patterns of collagen fibers in the benign and malignant breast lesions were evaluated. From the 50 tissue samples, 25 were malignant breast lesions and 25 were benign breast tumor. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Van Gieson staining were performed to detect a benign and malignant tumor as well as collagen fibers. We found that significant cases after age of 35 were associated with ductal carcinoma while most of the cases within the age of 25 years were associated with fibrocystic changes. The intensity of collagen fiber was higher to Ductal Carcinoma while negative and less intense for Fibroblastic changes. Furthermore, a consistent association of other lesions, such as Lobular Carcinoma, Fibroadenoma, Papilloma and Fat necrosis and noticeable staining for collagen was observed for the different lesion. Our study suggested that women with age of 25 with benign lesion of fibrocystic change and ductal carcinoma are highly susceptible to develop advanced malignant tumor with age. Therefore, quantitative measurement of collagen fiber and regular follow-up are recommended to avoid the possible risk of developing advanced malignant lesions.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions

Objectives:To investigate diagnostic value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for malignant and benign breast lesions.Methods:Retrospective analysis of treatment data of 48 patients diagnosed with malignant and benign breast lesions in our hospital,collected from December 2017 to November 2018.A total number of 56 breast masses were examined by both ultrasound and MRI,and were compared with postoperative pathological biopsy results.Results:Postoperative pathological biopsy results showed that there were 26 and 30 malignant and benign lesions respectively.Comparison of MRI curve type of malignant and benign lesions showed statistical significance(P<0.05).By comparison with pathological biopsy results,specificity and sensitivity of ultrasound diagnosis were 83.33%(25/30)and 84.61%(22/26)respectively;specificity and sensitivity of MRI diagnosis were 96.66%(29/30)and 92.30%(24/26)respectively.Conclusions:Ultrasonographic examination of malignant and benign breast lesions is straight-forward,simple and inexpensive.Accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of MRI are significantly higher than ultrasound in examining malignant and benign breast lesions,this can reduce misdiagnosis.

R2^(*) value derived from multi-echo Dixon technique can aid discrimination between benign and malignant focal liver lesions

BACKGROUND R2^(*)estimation reflects the paramagnetism of the tumor tissue,which may be used to differentiate between benign and malignant liver lesions when contrast agents are contraindicated.AIM To investigate whether R2^(*)derived from multi-echo Dixon imaging can aid differentiating benign from malignant focal liver lesions(FLLs)and the impact of 2D region of interest(2D-ROI)and volume of interest(VOI)on the outcomes.METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 73 patients with 108 benign or malignant FLLs.All patients underwent conventional abdominal magnetic resonance imaging and multi-echo Dixon imaging.Two radiologists independently measured the mean R2^(*)values of lesions using 2D-ROI and VOI approaches.The Bland-Altman plot was used to determine the interobserver agreement between R2^(*)measurements.Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was used to determine the reliability between the two readers.Mean R2^(*)values were compared between benign and malignant FFLs using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic performance of R2^(*)in differentiation between benign and malignant FFLs.We compared the diagnostic performance of R2^(*)measured by 2D-ROI and VOI approaches.RESULTS This study included 30 benign and 78 malignant FLLs.The interobserver reproducibility of R2^(*)measurements was excellent for the 2D-ROI(ICC=0.994)and VOI(ICC=0.998)methods.Bland-Altman analysis also demonstrated excellent agreement.Mean R2^(*)was significantly higher for malignant than benign FFLs as measured by 2D-ROI(P<0.001)and VOI(P<0.001).The area under the curve(AUC)of R2^(*)measured by 2D-ROI was 0.884 at a cut-off of 25.2/s,with a sensitivity of 84.6%and specificity of 80.0%for differentiating benign from malignant FFLs.R2^(*)measured by VOI yielded an AUC of 0.875 at a cut-off of 26.7/s in distinguishing benign from malignant FFLs,with a sensitivity of 85.9%and specificity of 76.7%.The AUCs of R2^(*)were not significantly different between the 2D-ROI and VOI methods.CONCLUSION R2^(*)derived from multi-echo Dixon imaging whether by 2D-ROI or VOI can aid in differentiation between benign and malignant FLLs.

Monoexponential, biexponential and stretched-exponential models based diffusion weighted imaging: a comparative study in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions

Objective To investgate the value of various parameters obtained from monoexponential,biexponential,and stretched exponential diffusion-weighted imaging models in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 54 patients with pathologically confirmed malignant tumors(n=30),benign lesions(n=34)and normal fibroglandular

Percutaneous Removal of Benign Breast Lesions with an Ultrasound-guided Vacuum-assisted System:Influence Factors in the Hematoma Formation

Objective To explore the influence factors in hematoma formation after removing benign breast lesions with an ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted system.Methods A total of 232 females with 312 benign breast masses received excisional biopsy with ultrasoundguided vacuum-assisted system.The pathology of patients,results of hematoma development and outcome,influence factors for hematoma occurrence(nodule size,nodule location,number of nodule,breast shape,menstrual period,efficacy time of bandage,and application of hemostatic agents during the procedure) were recorded.Results Pathologic examination revealed fibroadenomas in 138 lesions,fibroadenosis in 127 lesions,intraductal papillomas in 39 lesions,inflammatory change in 4 lesions,retention cyst of the breast in 3 lesions,and benign phyllodes tumor in 1 lesion.Thirty hematomas were observed in patients(9.6%).Finally,97.0%hematomas were absorbed completely within 6 months follow-up.The incidence rates of hematoma were increased by 24.7%,10.0%,63.2%,13.9%in the nodule diameter larger or equal to 25 mm group,removal of larger or equal to two nodules once time from one patient group,menstrual period group,and larger and loose breast group,respectively(all P<0.05).However,the incidences were decreased by 60.6%in the bandage performed for 12-24 hours or beyond 24 hours group(P<0.05).The multiple logistic regression models revealed that nodule size(x^2=15.227,P<0.001),number of nodule(x^2=7.767,P=0.005),menstrual period(x^2=24.530,P<0.001),and breast shape(x^2=9.559,P=0.002) were independent risk factors associated with hematoma occurrence,but efficacy time of bandage was a protective factor associated with hematoma occurrence.Conclusion The occurrence of hematoma after the minimally invasive operation was associated with nodule size,number of nodule,menstrual period,breast shape,and efficacy time of bandage.

Morphological Patterns of Elastic and Reticulum Fibers in Breast Lesions

Background: The difficulty with histopathology diagnosis is the presence of numerous benign reactive breast lesions with morphological features mimic malignant lesions. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the merit of morphological patterns of elastic and reticular fibers in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. Methodology: Fifty biopsies were obtained from females with breast Lesions (25 breast carcinoma and 25 benign lesions), their ages ranging from 17 to 85 years with mean age of 39 years old. Morphologic demonstrations of elastic and reticular fibers were performed using conventional histochemical procedures. Results: Intense grades of elastic fiber staining were achieved with carcinoma tissues. Dwindled grades of elastic fiber staining were detected with fibrocystic changes. Elastic fibers in breast carcinoma are significantly increased compared to benign breast lesions P Conclusion: Histochemical quantifications of elastic and reticular fibers can assist in routine diagnosis of breast lesions. Elastic fibers significantly increase in breast carcinoma compared to benign breast lesions.

DIFFERENTIAL ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSES OF PULMONARY BENIGN AND MALIGNANT SPACE-OCCUPIED LESIONS OF THE PERIPHERAL TYPE

87 patients with pulmonary space-occupied lesions of the peripheral type which were either adhesive of close to pleura were examined using ultuasonography.Of them,64 cases of lung cancers and 23 of bening lesions were then confirmed by

Excision of malignant and pre-malignant rectal lesions by transanal endoscopic microsurgery in patients under 50 years of age

BACKGROUND The most common technique for treating benign and early malignant rectal lesions is transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM).Local excision is an acceptable technique for high-risk and elderly patients,but there are hardly any data regarding young patients.AIM To describe TEM outcomes in patients under 50 years of age.METHODS We collected demographic,clinical,and pathological data from all patients under the age of 50 years who underwent the TEM procedure at Hasharon Rabin Medical Center from January 2005 to December 2018.RESULTS During the study period,a total of 26 patients under the age of 50 years underwent TEM procedures.Their mean age was 43.3 years.Eleven(42.0%)were male.The mean operative time was 67 min,and the mean tumor size was 2.39 cm,with a mean anal verge distance of 8.50 cm.No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were recorded.The median length of stay was 2 d.Seven(26.9%)lesions were adenomas with low-grade dysplasia,four(15.4%)were high-grade dysplasia adenomas,two were T1 carcinomas(7.8%),and three were T2 carcinomas(11.5%).No residual disease was found following endoscopic polypectomy in two patients(7.8%),but four(15.4%)had other pathologies.Surgical margins were negative in all cases.Local recurrence was detected in one patient 33 mo following surgery.CONCLUSION Among young adult patients,TEM for benign rectal lesions has excellent outcomes.It may also offer a balance between the efficacy of complete oncologic resection and postoperative quality of life in the treatment of rectal cancer.In some cases,it may be considered an alternative to radical surgery.

Comparative FTIR spectroscopic analysis of human breast benign and malignant tissues

Some remarkable FTIR spectral differences are observed and the differences at the molecular level are extracted between benign and malignant breast tissue samples. For the malignant tissue, the relative content of nucleic acids is increased whereas the collagen is decreased. The proteins are phosphorylated and become more flexible and disordered. And these significant differences have important implications not only for probing the process of the breast lesion at the molecular level, but also for evaluating the histological types and grades of breast diseases.

FTIR assessment of the secondary structure of proteins in human breast benign and malignant tissues

The compositions of the secondary structures of protein in the human breast normal, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma and invasive ductal carcinoma tissues have been estimated from the Fourier self deconvolved spectra, the second derivative spectra and the curve-fitting analysis of the amide I bands in their spectra. Some parameters of the secondary structures of proteins in these 4 types of tissues are significantly different and located in separate ranges.

Combination of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging, serological indexes and contrast-enhanced ultrasound for diagnosis of liver lesions

AIM To assess the value of combined acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) imaging, serological indexes and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in distinguishing between benign and malignant liver lesions. METHODS Patients with liver lesions treated at our hospital were included in this study. The lesions were divided into either a malignant tumor group or a benign tumor group according to pathological or radiological findings. ARFI quantitative detection, serological testing and CEUS quantitative detection were performed and compared. A comparative analysis of the measured indexes was performed between these groups. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were constructed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ARFI imaging, serological indexes and CEUS, alone or in different combinations, in identifying benign and malignant liver lesions. RESULTS A total of 112 liver lesions in 43 patients were included, of which 78 were malignant and 34 were benign. Shear wave velocity(SWV) value, serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) content and enhancement rate were significantly higher in the malignant tumor group than in the benign tumor group(2.39 ± 1.20 m/s vs 1.50 ± 0.49 m/s, 18.02 ± 5.01 ng/m L vs 15.96 ± 4.33 ng/m L, 2.14 ± 0.21 d B/s vs 2.01 ± 0.31 d B/s; P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis revealed that the areas under the curves(AUCs) of SWV value alone, AFP content alone, enhancement rate alone, SWV value + AFP content, SWV value + enhancement rate, AFP content + enhancement rate and SWV value + AFP content + enhancement rate were 85.1%, 72.1%, 74.5%, 88.3%, 90.4%, 82.0% and 92.3%, respectively. The AUC of SWV value + AFP content + enhancement rate was higher than those of SWV value + AFP content and SWV value + enhancement rate, and significantly higher than those of any single parameter or the combination of any two of parameters.CONCLUSION The combination of SWV, AFP and enhancement rate had better diagnostic performance in distinguishing between benign and malignant liver lesions than the use of any single parameter or the combination of any two of parameters. It is expected that this would provide a tool for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant liver lesions.

基于瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI对乳腺病变良恶性诊断列线图预测模型的构建与评价

目的:建立基于瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI的乳腺病变良恶性鉴别诊断的列线图模型,并验证其预测效能。方法:纳入经病理学检查明确乳腺病变性质的100例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行核磁共振(MRI)检查和病理检查,根据病理检查结果分为乳腺良性病变组(n=62)和乳腺恶性病变组(n=38)。收集患者临床资料、瘤体各参数、瘤周各参数以及乳腺病变良恶性情况。多因素Logistic回归分析筛选乳腺恶性病变的危险因素并构建列线图预测模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验验证模型的预测效能及拟合优度;内部验证采用Bootstrap。结果:乳腺恶性病变组病灶直径、平均扩散峰度(MK)、MDp/t、瘤周与瘤体MKp/n高于乳腺良性病变组(均P<0.05);乳腺恶性病变组表观扩散系数(ADC)值、平均扩散率(MD)、非对称磁化转移率(MTRasym)、MKp/t、MDp/n低于乳腺良性病变组(均P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,病灶直径、MK、MDp/t、MKp/n升高,ADC值、MD、MTRasym、MKp/t、MDp/n降低是乳腺恶性病变的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。基于上述独立影响因素构建乳腺恶性病变的列线图预测模型,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.827。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示P值为0.004。采用Bootstrap法,生成的校准曲线拟合良好。结论:瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI对乳腺病变良恶性鉴别诊断具有重要预测价值,基于乳腺恶性病变的独立影响因素构建的列线图预测效果良好,能直观预测乳腺发生恶性病变的概率。

乳腺超声BI-RADS 4类在乳腺癌患者良恶性鉴别中的应用

目的:探讨乳腺超声BI-RADS 4类在乳腺癌患者良恶性鉴别中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2023年1月—10月在盐城市妇幼保健院治疗的50例乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)4类乳腺结节患者的临床资料,均实施乳腺超声检查,以病理检查结果为金标准,分析乳腺超声对乳腺结节良恶性的诊断效能,对比良恶性结节的超声征象。结果:病理结果显示,恶性14例,良性36例;乳腺超声检查显示,恶性15例,良性35例,乳腺超声检查的灵敏度为85.71%、特异度为91.67%、准确率为90.00%,Kappa值=0.849,与病理检查结果一致性良好;恶性结节与良性结节在年龄、单发或多发、内部回声、后方回声方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但恶性结节直径大于良性结节,且形态、边缘、高回声声晕、微钙化、汇聚征、弹性评分、血流分布等与良性结节相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺超声BI-RADS 4类在乳腺良恶性鉴别中的应用效果显著,良恶性病灶具有不同的超声影像特征,能提高对乳腺癌的诊断效能。

导声垫在提高乳腺病变剪切波弹性成像测值稳定性的效果观察

目的 比较导声垫与耦合剂辅助剪切波弹性成像(SWE)测量乳腺良恶性病变弹性测值的差异,探讨导声垫在提高乳腺病变SWE测值稳定性的效果观察。方法 选取经病理确诊的147例乳腺病变患者,均为单发病变,其中良性91例,恶性56例,由同一操作者分别借助耦合剂(耦合剂组)和导声垫(导声垫组)对乳腺病变进行SWE测量,比较两组杨氏模量最大值(Emax)、平均值(Emean)、最小值(Emin)及标准差(Esd)的差异;分析两组操作者内重复性测量的一致性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析两组SWE参数鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的诊断效能;分析两种方法获取测值的诊断结果与病理结果的一致性。结果 导声垫组Emax、Emean、Emin、Esd均较耦合剂组减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。导声垫组Emax、Emean、Esd操作者内重复性测量的一致性均非常好(ICC=0.886、0.825、0.774,均P<0.001),Emin操作者内重复性测量的一致性好(ICC=0.613,P<0.001)。耦合剂组Emax、Emean、Emin、Esd操作者内重复性测量的一致性均好(ICC=0.733、0.405、0.578、0.728,均P<0.001)。耦合剂组和导声垫组乳腺恶性病变Emax、Emean、Esd均较良性病变增大,Emin均较良性病变减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,耦合剂组中以Emax鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的曲线下面积(AUC)最高(0.774),其对应的灵敏度、特异度分别为82.14%、68.13%;导声垫组中以Emax鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的AUC最高(0.910),其对应的灵敏度、特异度分别为87.50%、86.81%。导声垫组Emax鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的AUC、灵敏度、特异度均较耦合剂组高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。导声垫组Emax鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的诊断结果与病理结果的一致性较高(Kappa=0.717,P<0.05);耦合剂组Emax鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的诊断结果与病理结果的一致性一般(Kappa=0.460,P<0.05)。结论 使用导声垫可提高SWE测值的稳定性,在辅助鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变方面有一定的临床应用价值。

DWI、DCE联合APT成像在鉴别乳腺良恶性病变中的价值研究

目的对比磁共振酰胺质子转移(Amide Proton Transfer,APT)成像、扩散加权成像(Diffusion Weighted Imaging,DWI)和动态增强(Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced,DCE)成像以及3者联合应用在鉴别乳腺良恶性病变中的诊断价值。方法纳入55例乳腺疾病患者,均进行APT、DWI以及DCE扫描,测量非对称磁化转移(Magnetization Transfer Asymmetry,MTRasym)率和表观扩散系数(Apparent Diffusion Coefficient,ADC)值,并记录乳腺影像报告和数据系统的分类。分析乳腺良恶性病变各参数之间的差异,使用Logistic回归建立联合诊断模型,采用受试者工作特征曲线(Receive Operating Characteristic,ROC)计算各诊断模型在乳腺良恶性病变中的诊断价值,并比较恶性病变中不同病理因素组间的差异以及各病理因素与APT之间的相关性。结果恶性组中MTRasym和ADC值均小于良性组,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),DWI、APT、DCE以及APT+DCE、APT+DWI、DCE+DWI、DWI+APT+DCE联合模型鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的曲线下面积(Area Under Curve,AUC)分别为0.804、0.723、0.741以及0.782、0.895、0.897、0.970;DWI+APT+DCE联合诊断模型的AUC显著大于DWI、APT、DCE以及任意两者联合诊断模型(均P<0.05)。Ki-67高表达组的MTRasym值较低表达组高[(3.934%±0.883%)v s.(3.192%±0.949%)],乳腺癌浸润程度组织学分级Ⅲ级组的M T R a s y m值较Ⅱ级组高[(4.225%±0.932%)vs.(3.451%±0.873%)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),并且APT与两者均呈中度正相关(r=0.627、0.537,均P<0.05)。结论APT成像技术在乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别中具有较好的诊断价值,与常规DWI、DCE成像无显著差异,并且三者联合应用的诊断价值更高。

超快速动态对比增强磁共振成像在乳腺病变诊断中的研究进展

超快速动态对比增强磁共振成像(UF-DCE MRI)技术相较于传统动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI),在保持合理空间分辨率的前提下,拥有更高的时间分辨率,并可在对比剂注射后的超早期时段捕获病灶内部的血流动力学信息。鉴于这些优势,UF-DCE MRI技术在近些年被广泛应用于临床,并且在乳腺病变的良恶性区分、预后预测以及乳腺癌亚型鉴别等方面具有突出表现。UF-DCE MRI所提供的动力学参数,如增强时间(time to enhancement,TTE)、最大斜率(maximum slope,MS)以及推注到达时间(bolus arrival time,BAT)等不仅能定量反映乳腺病变的病理特征,而且具有较高的可重复性。此外,相比传统DCE-MRI,UF-DCE MRI能在乳腺背景实质强化(background parenchymal enhancement,BPE)影响较大的情况下,更有效地识别富血供病灶。因此,本文全面、系统地阐述了UF-DCE MRI在乳腺病变诊断中的应用和研究进展,以及该技术的局限性和未来发展趋势。

基于磁共振快速自旋回波弥散加权成像序列对鼻腔鼻窦病变的诊断价值

目的 前瞻性比较快速自旋回波弥散加权成像(TSE-DWI)与平面回波弥散加权成像(EP-DWI)对鼻腔鼻窦病变图像质量差异,探讨TSE-DWI及EP-DWI的表观扩散系数(ADC)值鉴别鼻腔鼻窦良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法 前瞻性选取2022年10月~2023年8月在我院诊治鼻腔鼻窦病变的93例患者作为研究对象,采用Philips 1.5T磁共振扫描仪进行扫描,所有患者行常规鼻腔鼻窦磁共振平扫后均行TSE-DWI及EP-DWI成像,通过2位医师对TSE-DWI与EP-DWI图像进行主观评价及客观评价来对比图像质量,评价2位医师间的一致性、两种DWI序列ADC值一致性及Pearson相关系数,比较鼻腔鼻窦良恶性病变ADC值的差异并使用ROC曲线计算ADC值鉴别鼻腔鼻窦良恶性病变的诊断效能。结果 TSE-DWI图像的各项主观评分值、信噪比均值和对比噪声比均值均高于EP-DWI(P<0.05),TSE-DWI图像的变形率较EP-DWI降低(P<0.05);对于图像主观评分,两医师间的一致性较好(Kappa>0.4);对于ADC值测量,两医师间的一致性极好(ICC>0.74);两种DWI序列ADC值一致性极好(ICC>0.74)并且呈极强正相关(Pearson相关系数>0.8);良恶性病变的ADC值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两种DWI序列的ADC值鉴别鼻腔鼻窦良恶性病变的敏感度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率相同,分别为90.1%、90.9%、97.0%、74.1%、90.3%。结论 磁共振TSE-DWI序列可有效提高鼻腔鼻窦部位图像质量,适用于临床广泛应用;ADC值在鉴别鼻腔鼻窦良恶性病变中具有很高的诊断效能。

CT增强扫描结合后处理技术对良恶性甲状腺病变的诊断价值

目的观察CT增强扫描结合后处理技术对良恶性甲状腺病变的诊断价值。方法将本院2018年9月到2022年9月期间收集的134例经病理证实的甲状腺结节患者作为研究对象,所有患者均接受了CT增强扫描结合后处理技术,探讨该技术在甲状腺良恶性病变诊断中的价值,并比较不同患者间图像特征、平扫期CT值、动脉期CT值和静脉期CT值差异,同时关注病灶内钙化情况。结果134例甲状腺结节患者中,病理检测恶性74例,良性60例,螺旋CT增强诊断恶性76例,良性58例,以病理学检测为金标准,螺旋CT增强扫描诊断甲状腺良恶性结节敏感度为97.30%,特异性为93.33%,准确率为95.52%;恶性组甲状腺结节不规则形态、边界模糊及肿大淋巴结比例显著高于良性组(P<0.05);两组间平扫期CT值、动脉期CT值以及静脉期CT值差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);恶性组有钙化点比例显著高于良性组(P<0.05)。结论螺旋CT增强扫描及后处理技术在甲状腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断中具有重要意义,图像特征及钙化特征显示较为明显,为临床诊治提供重要参考依据。

基于磁共振多模态成像定量参数鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变及与临床病理特征的关系探究

目的 分析磁共振多模态成像定量参数鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变的价值,并探究乳腺病变性质与临床病理特征的关系。方法 纳入2015年1月-2022年12月医院120例乳腺占位性病变患者,所有患者入院时均接受磁共振多模态成像检查,包括弥散加权(DWI)、磁共振波谱成像(MRS)与磁共振动态增强(DCE-MRI),以病理检查结果为“金标准”,分析该检查方式鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变的价值。依据乳腺占位性病变性质将患者分为恶性组与良性组,对比两组临床病理特征,分析乳腺病变性质与临床病理特征的关系。结果 120例乳腺占位性病变患者经病理检查结果显示,乳腺癌98例(81.67%),乳腺良性病变22例(18.33%);以病理检查结果为“金标准”,DCE-MRI及联合诊断乳腺病变性质的灵敏度、准确度高于DWI(P<0.05);乳腺癌组表观扩散系数(ADC)、rADC值低于乳腺良性病变组,Ⅰ型TIC曲线占比低于乳腺良性病变组,Ⅲ型TIC曲线占比高于乳腺良性病变组(P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线,结果显示,ADC、rADC及TIC曲线类型诊断乳腺病变性质具有一定价值(AUC=0.815、0.850、0.911);乳腺癌组肿瘤形态不规则、边缘毛刺/不规则、强化不均匀占比高于乳腺良性病变组(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析,结果显示,肿瘤临床病理特征与乳腺占位性病变密切相关,形态不规则、边缘毛刺/不规则、强化不均匀是乳腺癌的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论磁共振多模态成像定量参数对乳腺良恶性病变具有一定鉴别诊断价值,乳腺癌的发生与肿瘤形态不规则、边缘毛刺/不规则、强化不均匀等临床病理特征密切相关。

基于DCE-MRI表现的logistic回归分析模型在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用

目的 分析基于动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-M RI)表现的logistic回归分析模型在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月~2023年10月来我院进行乳腺检查患者161例临床资料。其中良性病变60例、恶性病变101例,分别纳入良性组(n=60)及恶性组(n=101)。分析两组DCE-MRI表现差异,进行单因素分析,利用二元Logistic回归分析构建乳腺良恶性病变诊断模型。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析乳腺良恶性病变诊断模型的效能。结果 单因素分析显示,良性组与恶性组TIC曲线、BI-RADS分级、早期强化率、边缘形态及病灶大小比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析结果显示, TIC曲线、BI-RADS分级、早期强化率、边缘形态及病灶大小是乳腺良恶性病变危险征像;构建logistic乳腺癌良恶性病变诊断模型Y=-0.633+0.645TIC曲线+2.112×BI-RADS分级+1.142×早期强化率+1.136×边缘形态+1.136×病灶大小;ROC曲线分析显示该模型诊断效能,AUC为0.944,敏感度为83.33%,特异度为85.15%,提示该模型具有较高的诊断效能。结论 基于乳腺病变早期DCE-MRI表现的logistic诊断模型,能够筛选出对乳腺恶性病变鉴别诊断有意义的特征变量,对乳腺良恶性病变具有较高的诊断效能。