Therapeutic effect and mechanism of breviscapine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice

Objective:To observe the protective effect of breviscapineon mice with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.Methods:Mice were given a single injection of cisplalin(8 mg/kg,up.);then,breviscapine was given to mice at 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg doses,respectively,once a day for seven days.Renal tissue structure was observed after animals were sacrificed.Blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(Scr),lipid peroxide(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) serum levels were detected;and MDA,glutathione peroxidase,and SOD levels in the renal cortex were detected.Results:Compared with the blank control group(BCG),the kidney pathological damage of mice in the model control group(MCG) was more severe.After applying different doses of breviscapine,different degrees of renal injury improvement appeared.Compared with the BCG,the serum levels of Scr and BUN in the MCG increased to(89.92±6.78) μmoL/L and(15.32±4.53) mmoL/L.The differences were statistical significant(P<0.01).Compared with the MCG,the serum levels of Scr and BUN in the Bre low-dose groups and Bre high-dose groups decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the BCG,the MDA levels in serum and in the renal cortex in the MCG significantly increased,while the SOD levels significantly decreased.Both the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).In the Bre low-dose groups and Bre high-dose groups,MDA levels in serum and in the renal cortex significantly decreased,while SOD and glutathione peroxidase levels in the renal cortex significantly increased,compared with the MCG;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Breviscapine can reduce cisplatin induced renal toxicity in mice and it's possible through inhibition of renal tubule cell lipid peroxidation and reduces the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin.

Breviscapine alleviates hepatic injury and inhibits PKC-mRNA and its protein expression in brain-dead BA-Ma mini pigs

BACKGROUND: Brain-dead donors are the main sources for organ transplantation, but many studies show that brain-death affects the organ's function after transplantation. This study was undertaken to investigate liver injury after brain-death in BA-Ma mini pigs and the protective effects of breviscapine on hepatic function and on PKC-alpha mRNA and its protein expression. METHODS: Fifteen BA-Ma mini pigs were equally divided into 3 groups at random: brain-dead (group B), breviscapine pretreated (group P), and control (group Q. The brain-dead model was established by increasing intracranial pressure in a modified, slow and intermittent way. At 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after the initial brain-death, the levels of serum AST, ALT, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were determined. The changes in hepatic tissues were assessed, and the expression of PKC-alpha and PKC-alpha mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and RTPCR, respectively. RESULTS: The levels of AST and ALT in groups B and P began to increase 12 hours after brain-death, while the values in group P were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in groups B and P at 3, 6, 12 and 18 hours were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). At 6, 12 and 24 hours, the expressions of PKC-a mRNA and PKC-a protein in group P were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The degree of injury to hepatic cells in group P was milder than that in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Breviscapine inhibits the degree of PKC-alpha mRNA transcription and its protein translation, decreases the release of inflammatory factors, and thus alleviates hepatic injury during brain-death.

Clinical Observation on Breviscapine in Treating Hypertension Patients Complicated with Micro-albuminuria of Renal Impairment

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Breviscapine on essential hypertension (EH) patients complicated with micro-albuminuria of renal impairment. Methods: Seventy-six EH patients were randomly assigned to the control group and the treated group, the former was given amlodipine, captopril/uropidil and the latter was given in addition Breviscapine intravenously dripped for 2 treatment courses. The indexes of serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood and urinary β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG), and quantitative determination of 24 hrs urinary protein were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: In the control group, compared with before treatment, the quantitative determination of 24 hrs urinary protein got reduced significantly ( P <0.05), while in the treated group, both urinary β 2-MG and quantitative determination of 24 hrs urinary protein got lowered significantly ( P <0.05 and P <0.01). But after treatment, compared with the control group, urinary β 2-MG and quantitative determination of 24 hrs urinary protein in the treated group were obviously reduced ( P <0.05). Conclusion: Besides lowering blood pressure effectively, Breviscapine could improve the renal function significantly and reduce the urinary micro-albuminuria, hence showing promising effect on renal protection.

Breviscapine reduces neuronal injury caused by traumatic brain injury insult:partly associated with suppression of interleukin-6 expression

Breviscapine,extracted from the herb Erigeron breviscapus,is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,cerebral infarct,and stroke,but its mechanism of action remains unclear.This study established a rat model of traumatic brain injury induced by controlled cortical impact,and injected 75 μg breviscapine via the right lateral ventricle.We found that breviscapine significantly improved neurobehavioral dysfunction at 6 and 9 days after injection.Meanwhile,interleukin-6 expression was markedly down-regulated following breviscapine treatment.Our results suggest that breviscapine is effective in promoting neurological behavior after traumatic brain injury and the underlying molecular mechanism may be associated with the suppression of interleukin-6.

THE EFFECTS OF BREVISCAPIN ON AT－Ⅲ ACTIVITY， tPA AND PAI IN DOGS DURING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＢＲＥＶＩＳＣＡＰＩＮＯＮＡＴ－ⅢＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＹ，ｔＰＡＡＮＤＰＡＩＩＮＤＯＧＳＤＵＲＩＮＧＡＣＵＴＥＭＹＯＣＡＲＤＩＡＬＩＳＣＨＥＭＩＡＳｈｅｎｇＪｉｎｇ（盛净），ＸｕＪｉｍｉｎ（徐济民），ＹａｎｇＪｕｘｉａｎ（杨菊贤），...

Effects of Breviscapine on the Changes in Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Induced by Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion in Rats

本文研究了灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注引起抗氧化酶活性改变的影响，结果表明，灯盏花素明显提高脑缺血再灌注引起的脑组织超氧歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ）和过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ）的活性，减少脑组织丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量。这些作用有利于减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。

EFFECTS OF BREVISCAPIN ON MYOCARDIAL REOXYGENATION DAMAGE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

By means of Langendor ff isolated-heart perfusion technique, a model of cardiac global hypoxia/reoxygenation was prepared. Breviscapin (100mg/L in perfusate) effectively reduced the myocardial hypoxic perfusion and reoxygenation damage with respect to lowering myocardial CPK release, indicating a membrane-protective effect of the drug. After 50min hypoxic perfusion. Breviscapin-treated grup showed relatively higher myocardial activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase comparing to the control group. After 5min reoxygenation, the level of myocardial malondialdehyde-like substance in the treated group was lower than that in the control group indicating less free radical accumulated in the myocardium of treated group.

Analysis on Common Compatibility Contraindications of Breviscapine for Injection

[Objectives]To analyze the common compatibility contraindications of breviscapine for injection,and to provide references for clinical rational drug use.[Methods]The pH distribution of the combined drugs in the report on the compatibility contraindications of breviscapine for injection and was analyzed.[Results]Breviscapine for injection may become turbid or precipitated when mixed with drugs whose pH are lower;it can make the liquid discoloration in a strong alkaline solution.[Conclusions]Breviscapine for injection should not be combined with drugs whose pH are lower,especially drugs with pH lower than 4.2.Breviscapine for injection should not be used with drugs with strong alkaline.It is recommended to use Breviscapine for injection separately.

Analysis of 8611 Cases of Adverse Reaction Reports of Breviscapine for Injection

[Objectives]To analyze the occurrence rules and factors influencing adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection,explore potential drug risks,and guide the clinical rational medication.[Methods]The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the case reports of adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection,and analyze the gender and age distribution of the cases,the patient's medication status,the adverse reactions involving organ/system damage and clinical manifestations,the occurrence time,duration,and outcome of the adverse reactions.[Results]Adverse reactions of breviscapine for injection were mainly concentrated in middle-aged and elderly patients aged 45 and above,accounting for 85.35%;in the gender distribution,females were higher than males;adverse reactions involved multiple organ/system damages.Among them,75.86%of patients had adverse reactions after the first medication,and 11.77%of reported patients had concomitant medications.[Conclusions]The adverse reactions caused by breviscapine for injection may be related to the patient's age,gender and irrational medication.

Mechanisms of Inhibitory Effects of Breviscapine on Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Brain Mitochondria

本文研究了灯盏花素抑制脂质过氧化的作用机制。大鼠脑线粒体脂质过氧化物用硫代巴比妥酸比色法测定。灯盏花素与铁的螯合活性用差示光谱法测定。黄嘌呤黄嘌呤氧化酶（ＸａｎＸＯ）体系产生的超氧阴离子自由基（Ｏ２）及ＦｅＳＯ４Ｈ２Ｏ２体系产生的羟自由基（·ＯＨ）用比色法测定。结果表明：灯盏花素能有效地抑制ＸａｎＸＯ和ＦｅＳＯ４Ｈ２Ｏ２诱导的脑线粒体脂质过氧化反应，其ＩＣ５０分别为９３０１和６２１８μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。灯盏花素也能清除ＸａｎＸＯ体系产生的Ｏ２和ＦｅＳＯ４Ｈ２Ｏ２体系产生的·ＯＨ，其ＩＣ５０分别为３２６３和２０２２μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。灯盏花素还具有螯合Ｆｅ２＋的活性。由此可见，灯盏花素是在氧自由基与线粒体膜的反应中（１）·ＯＨ的形成（通过与Ｆｅ２＋螯合）（２）脂质过氧化的启动（通过清除Ｏ２和·ＯＨ）两个环节抑制脂质过氧化反应的。

Breviscapine attenuates acute pancreatitis by inhibiting expression of PKCα and NF-κB in pancreas

AIM:To study the effect of breviscapine (Bre) on activity of protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in pancreas,and the mechanism of Bre attenuating acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS:One hundred and eight rats were randomly divided into acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) group,Bre group (ANP + Bre group) and sham operation (SO) group,36 rats in each group. ANP model was induced by a retrograde injection of 4% sodium deoxycholate into the bilio-pancreatic duct. Fifteen minutes after the ANP model was induced,the rats in Bre group were intraperitoneally injected with Bre (0.4 mg/100 g body weight or 0.1 mL/100 g body weight). Survival time and mortality of rats were calculated. Serum amylase and malondialdehyde levels were measured,volume of ascites was recorded and morphology of pancreas and lung was evaluated at 1,5 and 10 h,after the ANP model was induced,respectively. Expressions of PKCα and subunit p65 of NF-κB in pancreas were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS:The life span of rats was longer and the mortality was lower in Bre group than in ANP group 13.51 ± 5.46 vs 25.36 ± 8.11 (P < 0.05). The amylase and MDA levels as well as the volume of ascites were lower and the pathological changes in pancreas and lung were less in Bre group than ANP group (P < 0.05),indicating that the pancreatitis is less severe in Bre group than ANP group. The activation of PKCα and NF-κB p65 in pancreas was induced rapidly and reached their peak at 1 h or 5 h after ANP,but their activity in Bre group was significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION:Bre exerts its therapeutic effect on AP by inhibiting the activation of PKCα and NF-κB p65 in pancreas.

灯盏花素对肝纤维化大鼠的干预作用及机制

目的基于转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)/Smad2/胞外信号调节激酶1(ERK1)通路和Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1)/核转录因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)通路,探讨灯盏花素对肝纤维化(HF)大鼠的干预作用及潜在机制。方法将60只大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型组,灯盏花素低、中、高剂量组(5.4、10.8、21.6 mg/kg)和秋水仙碱组(阳性对照,0.45 mg/kg),每组10只,雌雄各半。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠均以四氯化碳诱导构建HF模型。随后,各药物组大鼠灌胃相应药液,每天1次,连续28 d。观察各组大鼠的肝脏外观并计算其肝脏系数,检测其血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平和肝组织中ALT、AST、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平,观察其肝组织炎症和纤维化情况,检测肝组织中TGF-β1、Smad、ERK1、Nrf2、Keap1、HO-1蛋白及mRNA的表达情况。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏可见大面积的白色结节灶、明显的炎症细胞浸润和胶原纤维沉积;其体重,肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px水平和Nrf2、HO-1蛋白及mRNA的表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);肝脏系数,Masson染色阳性面积百分比,血清及肝组织中ALT、AST水平,肝组织中MDA水平和TGF-β1、Smad2、ERK1、Keap1蛋白及mRNA的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,各药物组大鼠肝组织病变均有所改善,上述定量指标普遍逆转(P<0.05)。结论灯盏花素对大鼠HF有较好的干预作用,其作用可能与抑制TGF-β1/Smad2/ERK1通路来抗纤维化,调控Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1通路来抑制氧化应激有关。

灯盏花素对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的心肌保护作用

目的观察灯盏花素对心肌缺血再灌注损伤(myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,MIRI)大鼠的心肌保护作用,并探讨其可能的机制。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为健康组、模型组、灯盏花素低剂量和灯盏花素高剂量组,各15只;灯盏花素低剂量、灯盏花素高剂量组大鼠腹腔注射灯盏花素(50、100 mg·kg^(−1));健康组、模型组大鼠腹腔注射等体积生理盐水。每日1次,干预5 d。模型组、灯盏花素低剂量组、灯盏花素高剂量组最终均纳入10只大鼠。检测心电图指标;2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮(2,3,5-tri⁃phenyltetrazolium chlorid,TTC)染色检测心肌梗死面积;检测血清心肌损伤指标;检测血清氧化应激指标;检测血清炎性因子水平;蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)检测心肌组织白细胞介素-23(interleukin-23,IL-23)、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)蛋白的表达水平。结果与模型组比较,灯盏花素低剂量组大鼠室颤(ventricular fibrillation,VF)和室性心动过速(ventricular tachycardia,VT)发生次数、血清肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase isoenzyme,CK-MB)活性、心肌肌钙蛋白T(cardiac troponin T,cTnT)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、心肌组织IL-23及IL-17蛋白的表达水平降低,VF、VT持续时间缩短,血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性升高(P<0.05);灯盏花素低剂量组和灯盏花素高剂量组各指标水平变化规律相同,灯盏花素变化高剂量组变化更显著(P<0.05)。结论灯盏花素可缓解MIRI大鼠心律失常、减轻心肌损伤及氧化应激反应和炎症反应。推测其作用机制可能与抑制IL-23/IL-17轴活性有关。

灯盏花素对普伐他汀大鼠体内转运过程影响的机制研究

目的:探究灯盏花素对大鼠体内普伐他汀转运过程影响的作用机制,为临床合理用药提供数据支撑。方法:正常SD大鼠24只,随机分为生理盐水组、普伐他汀组、灯盏花素组和普伐他汀+灯盏花素组,每组6只。正常KM小鼠60只,随机分为普伐他汀组和普伐他汀+灯盏花素组,每组30只。按照不同剂量给药后采集大鼠胆汁样品和小鼠组织样品处理,采用高效液相色谱法测定样品中普伐他汀的药物浓度;采用RT-PCR和WB技术检测单独及联合给药对大鼠肝脏中Mrp2转运体基因表达和蛋白表达水平的影响。结果:与普伐他汀组比较,普伐他汀+灯盏花素组中除脑组织以外各组织内普伐他汀的药物浓度显著增加(P<0.05);普伐他汀的胆汁分泌量明显降低(P<0.01);与生理盐水组比较,普伐他汀组Mrp2基因和蛋白表达均无明显变化(P>0.05),灯盏花素组及普伐他汀+灯盏花素组中Mrp2转运体基因表达量明显下降(P<0.05),蛋白含量略有减少,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:联用后,灯盏花素可能通过竞争抑制Mrp2转运体功能,使普伐他汀外排转运减慢,体内药物浓度增加,进而提高普伐他汀的临床疗效。

Effect of breviscapine on fractalkine expression in chronic hypoxic rats

Fractalkine （FKN） is the only known chemokine that fulfils the dual functions of an adhesive molecule and a soluble chemoattractant.1 FKN expression was reported increase in lungs of patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension,2 suggesting that FKN may participate in pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Breviscapine is a flavonoid extracted from Erigeron breviscapus （Vant.） Hand. Mazz. Breviscapine can prevent the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension^3 but the mechanism is unknown. This study evaluated the role of FKN in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and the effect of breviscapine on FKN in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

灯盏花素穴位注射联合针灸对腰椎间盘突出症患者腰背伸肌群表面肌电指标及血清MMP3、PGE_(2)、IL-1β表达的作用

目的探讨灯盏花素穴位注射联合针灸对腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar disc herniation,LDH)患者腰背伸肌群表面肌电指标及血清基质金属蛋白酶3(Matrix metalloproteinase 3,MMP3)、前列腺素E2(Prostaglandin E_(2),PGE_(2))、白细胞介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)表达的作用。方法应用前瞻性随机对照研究方法选取2020年3月—2022年5月收治的LDH患者186例,以随机数字表法分为观察组(62例)、对照A组(62例)、对照B组(62例)。对照A组予以灯盏花素穴位注射,对照B组予以针灸,观察组予以灯盏花素穴位注射联合针灸,均治疗1个月。比较3组疗效、不良反应与治疗前、治疗1个月后疼痛程度评分(Visual Analogue Scale/Score,VAS)、日本骨科协会下腰痛功能评价表评分(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)、日常生活能力评分(Barthel,BI)、腰背伸肌群表面肌电指标(积分肌电值、平均功率频率)、血液流变学指标、血清免疫功能指标[免疫球蛋白G(Immunoglobulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(Immunoglobulin M,IgM)、补体C_(3)]、MMP3、PGE_(2)、IL-1β水平。结果观察组治疗1个月后总有效率93.55%(58/62)高于对照A组7742%(48/62)、对照B组80.65%(50/62)(P<0.05);3组治疗1个月后VAS评分较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照A组、对照B组,JOA、BI评分与积分肌电值、平均功率频率较治疗前增高,且观察组高于对照A组、对照B组(P<0.05);3组治疗1个月后全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照A组、对照B组(P<0.05);3组治疗1个月后血清IgG、IgM、补体C_(3)、MMP3、PGE_(2)、IL-1β水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照A组、对照B组(P<0.05);3组治疗期间不良反应发生率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用灯盏花素穴位注射联合针灸治疗LDH可缓解疼痛程度与腰背伸肌群疲劳程度,提升腰背伸肌群肌肉收缩性,改善腰椎功能及日常生活能力,改善血液流变学、免疫功能,下调血清MMP3、PGE_(2)、IL-1β表达,疗效显著,且安全性好。

加贝酯联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果

目的:探究加贝酯联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年1月湖北科技学院附属第二医院收治的急性胰腺炎患者80例,以随机数字表法分为两组,对照组(加贝酯)及观察组(加贝酯联合灯盏花素注射液),各40例。对比两组临床症状改善时间(腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间、排便正常时间、排气正常时间)、肠黏膜功能[D-乳酸、内毒素、尿乳果糖(L)/甘露醇(M)]、炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]、肝功能[天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)]、肾功能[肌酐(Cr)、尿素]、心肌酶[乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)]、Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA、核因子κB(NF-κB)mRNA表达量。结果:观察组腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间、排便正常时间、排气正常时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组D-乳酸、内毒素、尿L/M水平对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组D-乳酸、内毒素、尿L/M水平均下降,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均降低,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组AST、ALT、Cr、尿素对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组AST、ALT、Cr、尿素均下降,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组心肌酶指标、TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB mRNA水平对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组LDH、CK、TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB mRNA水平均下降,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:急性胰腺炎患者采用加贝酯联合灯盏花素注射液治疗效果显著,可降低炎症因子,改善肠黏膜功能,抑制TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB mRNA通路及有关因子表达,保护肝、肾、心功能。

灯盏乙素通过细胞转运途径对阿尔茨海默病大鼠β-淀粉样蛋白跨血脑屏障的影响

目的:探讨灯盏乙素对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)跨血脑屏障(BBB)的影响及其机制。方法:无特定病原体(SPF)级SD大鼠70只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、灯盏乙素低剂量组、灯盏乙素高剂量组以及阳性对照组,除假手术组大鼠外,其余组大鼠侧脑室注射Aβ_(1-42)氯化钠溶液建立AD大鼠模型,灯盏乙素低剂量和高剂量组大鼠分别灌胃灯盏乙素5 mg/kg和10 mg/kg,阳性对照组灌胃盐酸多奈哌齐0.9 mg/kg,持续30 d,观察大鼠行为能力以及血脑屏障通透性,进行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和免疫组化染色,蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、闭合蛋白-5(Claudin-5)、咬合蛋白(Occludin)、低密度脂蛋白相关蛋白(LRP-1)以及p糖蛋白(P-gp)表达情况。结果:模型组神经元细胞排列疏松、紊乱,细胞数量减少,可见明显空泡化,灯盏乙素低剂量组、灯盏乙素高剂量组及阳性对照组神经元细胞数量增多,空泡化细胞减少,细胞排列稍整齐致密。灯盏乙素低剂量组、灯盏乙素高剂量组及阳性对照组大鼠逃避潜伏期、伊文思蓝含量、Aβ斑块面积以及MMP-9蛋白相对表达量均低于模型组,穿过平台的次数以及LRP-1、P-gp、Claudin-5、Occludin蛋白相对表达量高于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:灯盏乙素可减轻AD大鼠神经元病理损伤,保护血脑屏障。

灯盏花素对牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖诱导的人牙龈成纤维细胞损伤的影响

目的探讨灯盏花素(breviscapine,BVP)对牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg-LPS,简称LPS)诱导的人牙龈成纤维细胞(human gingival fibroblasts,HGFs)损伤的影响。方法体外培养HGFs细胞,分为对照组、LPS组、LPS+BVP低、中、高剂量组。CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;ELISA法检测细胞上清液中IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、IL-6水平及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性;蛋白质印迹法检测细胞中细胞周期素D1(Cyclin D1)、细胞周期素B1(Cyclin B1)及凋亡相关B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、BCL-2相关X蛋白(BCL-2-associated X protein,Bax)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)蛋白表达水平;TBA比色法检测细胞丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)水平;二氢荧光素二乙酸酯(dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate,DCFH-DA)法测定细胞中活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平。结果与对照组比较,LPS组HGFs细胞存活率、细胞迁移率、Cyclin B1、Cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平及SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达水平、炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平及MDA、ROS水平显著升高(P<0.05);与LPS组比较,LPS+BVP低、中、高剂量组细胞存活率、细胞迁移率、Cyclin B1、Cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平及SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达、炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平及MDA、ROS水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论BVP可通过抗炎、抗氧化作用减轻LPS诱导的HGFs细胞损伤。

灯盏花素调节lncRNA NEAT1/miR-9-5p/SLC26A2轴抑制哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症

目的探究灯盏花素通过长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)NEAT1/microRNA(miR)-9-5p/SLC26A2轴对哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症的抑制作用及分子机制。方法15只6~8周雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,按照随机数字表法分为三组,即对照组、哮喘模型组和灯盏花素组。灯盏花素组小鼠在哮喘模型构建完成后每天1次灌胃10 mg/kg灯盏花素,连续7 d;对照组及哮喘模型组则使用等体积0.9%生理盐水进行灌胃处理。采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色和过碘酸雪夫(PAS)染色对小鼠肺组织进行组织病理学观察。采用Wright-Giemsa对支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)进行染色及细胞学检测。酶联免疫吸附实验检测BALF及血清中炎性因子的水平。荧光原位杂交检测NEAT1的表达。实时荧光定量PCR检测lncRNA-NEAT1、miR-9-5p和SLC26A2 mRNA的表达。蛋白免疫印迹检测SLC26A2的蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,哮喘模型组小鼠的BALF炎性细胞总数[(68.32±7.25)×10^(4)/mL比(17.71±3.14)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、中性粒细胞数[(5.50±0.58)×10^(4)/mL比(0.72±0.15)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、巨噬细胞数[(13.02±1.04)×10^(4)/mL比(2.70±0.61)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、淋巴细胞数[(23.07±2.90)×10^(4)/mL比(4.13±0.53)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、嗜酸性粒细胞数[(22.13±2.21)×10^(4)/mL比(1.63±0.22)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]增加;肺组织炎性细胞浸润水平增加[(2.49±0.25)分比(0.26±0.04)分,P<0.01],PAS评分升高[(2.24±0.16)分比(0.26±0.08)分,P<0.01];血清IgE[(3.52±0.32)IU/mL比(1.02±0.08)IU/mL,P<0.01]及BALF中白细胞介素-5(IL-5)[(154.48±9.27)pg/mL比(54.56±3.35)pg/mL,P<0.01]、白细胞介素-13(IL-13)[(96.86±6.45)pg/mL比(79.18±3.34)pg/mL,P<0.05]、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)[(185.24±7.24)pg/mL比(73.32±4.15)pg/mL,P<0.01]表达上升,干扰素-γ(INF-γ)表达下降[(48.46±3.81)pg/mL比(84.76±2.91)pg/mL,P<0.01]。与哮喘模型组比较,灯盏花素组小鼠BALF炎性细胞总数[(52.10±7.59)×10^(4)/mL比(68.32±7.25)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.05]、中性粒细胞数[(4.21±0.54)×10^(4)/mL比(5.50±0.58)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.05]、巨噬细胞数[(3.61±0.28)×10^(4)/mL比(13.02±1.04)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、淋巴细胞数[(9.52±1.23)×10^(4)/mL比(23.07±2.90)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]、嗜酸性粒细胞数[(8.87±1.33)×10^(4)/mL比(22.13±2.21)×10^(4)/mL,P<0.01]降低;肺组织炎性细胞浸润水平[(1.46±0.15)分比(2.49±0.25)分,P<0.01]及PAS评分降低[(0.58±0.07)分比(2.24±0.16)分,P<0.01];血清IgE[(1.83±0.14)IU/mL比(3.52±0.32)IU/mL,P<0.01]及BALF中IL-5[(78.25±4.44)pg/mL比(154.48±9.27)pg/mL,P<0.01]、IL-13[(59.34±5.32)pg/mL比(96.86±6.45)pg/mL,P<0.01]、IL-17[(125.60±5.88)pg/mL比(185.24±7.24)pg/mL,P<0.01]表达下降,INF-γ[(65.48±4.49)pg/mL比(48.46±3.81)pg/mL,P<0.05]表达上升。与对照组比较,哮喘模型组小鼠肺组织中NEAT1[(3.96±0.32)比(1.00±0.15),P<0.01]、SLC26A2相对表达上升[(3.91±0.32)比(1.00±0.08),P<0.01],miR-9-5p相对表达量显著下降[(0.48±0.07)比(1.00±0.09),P<0.01]。与哮喘模型组比较,灯盏花素组小鼠NEAT1[(1.82±0.28)比(3.96±0.32),P<0.01]、SLC26A2相对表达降低[(2.00±0.23)比(3.91±0.32),P<0.01],miR-9-5p相对表达增加[(0.67±0.06)比(0.48±0.07),P<0.05]。结论灯盏花素可能通过调节lncRNA NEAT1/miR-9-5p/SLC26A2轴抑制哮喘小鼠的气道炎症。