Cancer is intimately related to the accumulation of DNA damage,and repair failures(including mutation prone repair and hyperactive repair systems).This article relates current clinical categories for breast cancer and...Cancer is intimately related to the accumulation of DNA damage,and repair failures(including mutation prone repair and hyperactive repair systems).This article relates current clinical categories for breast cancer and their common DNA damage repair defects.Information is included on the potential for accumulation of DNA damage in the breast tissue of a woman during her lifetime and the role of DNA damage in breast cancer development.We then cover endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage,types of DNA damage repair and basic signal transduction pathways for three gene products involved in the DNA damage response system;namely BRCA1,BRIT1 and PARP-1.These genes are often considered tumor suppressors because of their roles in DNA damage response and some are under clinical investigation as likely sources for effective new drugs to treat breast cancers.Finally we discuss some of the problems of DNA damage repair systems in cancer and the conundrum of hyper-active repair systems which can introduce mutations and confer a survival advantage to certain types of cancer cells.展开更多
This paper conducted a pilot study by interviewing five Chinese students who study at a British university to see how they have adapted to British culture.This paper mainly found that the'curve'theory couldn&#...This paper conducted a pilot study by interviewing five Chinese students who study at a British university to see how they have adapted to British culture.This paper mainly found that the'curve'theory couldn't fully reflect students'intercultural adaptation,students'failure in becoming intercultural and the language pressure they suffer.At the end of the study,some possible measurements limitations are discussed.展开更多
The GREAT British Brands Exhibition openedin Qinghao,Shandong Province on March 11.The exhibition showcased some of the UK’s most fashionable new labels as well as much-loved traditional brands,according to the Briti...The GREAT British Brands Exhibition openedin Qinghao,Shandong Province on March 11.The exhibition showcased some of the UK’s most fashionable new labels as well as much-loved traditional brands,according to the British Embassy in China.The exhibition ran through March 16 at the popular Licang Wanda Plaza.展开更多
目的研究BRIT1(BRCT-repeat inhibitorof h TER expression)基因对鼻咽癌HNE-1细胞凋亡的影响,并初步探讨其相关的分子机制。方法利用免疫组织化学法检测30份鼻咽癌组织及30份鼻咽正常组织中BRIT1蛋白的表达;利用质粒pc DNA3.1(-)/BRIT1...目的研究BRIT1(BRCT-repeat inhibitorof h TER expression)基因对鼻咽癌HNE-1细胞凋亡的影响,并初步探讨其相关的分子机制。方法利用免疫组织化学法检测30份鼻咽癌组织及30份鼻咽正常组织中BRIT1蛋白的表达;利用质粒pc DNA3.1(-)/BRIT1及pc DNA3.1转染HNE-1细胞,TUNEL法、Hoechst33342染色法及流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡情况,Western blot法检测转染细胞中BRIT1蛋白及caspase-3、active caspase-3、Bax、bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果 BRIT1在鼻咽癌组织中的BRIT1蛋白表达水平低于鼻咽正常组织(P<0.05);转染质粒pc DNA3.1(-)/BRIT1的HNE-1细胞中,BRIT1蛋白水平明显上调(P<0.05);过表达BRIT1明显促进HNE-1细胞的凋亡,并导致抗凋亡蛋白caspase-3、bcl-2表达下调(P<0.05),促凋亡蛋白active caspase-3、Bax表达上调(P<0.05)。结论BRIT1基因通过调控线粒体凋亡途径相关基因的表达,促进鼻咽癌细胞HNE-1凋亡的发生。展开更多
文摘Cancer is intimately related to the accumulation of DNA damage,and repair failures(including mutation prone repair and hyperactive repair systems).This article relates current clinical categories for breast cancer and their common DNA damage repair defects.Information is included on the potential for accumulation of DNA damage in the breast tissue of a woman during her lifetime and the role of DNA damage in breast cancer development.We then cover endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage,types of DNA damage repair and basic signal transduction pathways for three gene products involved in the DNA damage response system;namely BRCA1,BRIT1 and PARP-1.These genes are often considered tumor suppressors because of their roles in DNA damage response and some are under clinical investigation as likely sources for effective new drugs to treat breast cancers.Finally we discuss some of the problems of DNA damage repair systems in cancer and the conundrum of hyper-active repair systems which can introduce mutations and confer a survival advantage to certain types of cancer cells.
文摘This paper conducted a pilot study by interviewing five Chinese students who study at a British university to see how they have adapted to British culture.This paper mainly found that the'curve'theory couldn't fully reflect students'intercultural adaptation,students'failure in becoming intercultural and the language pressure they suffer.At the end of the study,some possible measurements limitations are discussed.
文摘The GREAT British Brands Exhibition openedin Qinghao,Shandong Province on March 11.The exhibition showcased some of the UK’s most fashionable new labels as well as much-loved traditional brands,according to the British Embassy in China.The exhibition ran through March 16 at the popular Licang Wanda Plaza.
