Broadcast gymnastics,which was initiated in 1951,is one of the most widely adopted and popular mass sports activities in China,embodying the country's commitment to shaping the right to health of its citizens.The ...Broadcast gymnastics,which was initiated in 1951,is one of the most widely adopted and popular mass sports activities in China,embodying the country's commitment to shaping the right to health of its citizens.The history and development of broadcast gymnastics are closely tied to the destiny of the nation,reflecting clear national will,and aiming to achieve the goal of“shaping new individuals”.The institutional forms of broadcast gymnastics can be categorized into three stages:“military simulation”,“administrative reinforcement”and“market competition”,each of which aligns with the objectives and needs of different periods.Taking the establishment and promotion of broadcast gymnastics in China as a focal point helps construct a doctrinal framework for the right to health.Based on the purposes and means of health shaping,the implementation of the right to health can be divided into four types:national health projects,citizens'health rights,the social health industry,and civic health consumption.National health projects,facilitated by legislative mechanisms,provide institutional support and supply for citizens'health rights.The right to health,as a social right,has both a subjective rights orientation and an objective value order orientation,thus establishing the individual's subject status in terms of their right to health.Its defense aspect is oriented toward rejecting excessive state intervention,while the benefit aspect directly links to the state's payment measures.The boundaries of state power also need to be defined in the social health industry and civic health consumption.Hence,developing broadcast gymnastics involves adjusting its relationship with the overall objectives of the state and individual citizens'needs.It involves balancing the use of administrative and market methods,continually innovating sports programs that better suit diverse needs,and actively participating in the competition of the fitness market.展开更多
As the 2nd generation digital terrestrial television broadcasting(DTTB)standard,digital terrestrial/television multimedia broadcasting-advanced(DTMB-A)can provide higher spectrum efficiency and transmission reliabilit...As the 2nd generation digital terrestrial television broadcasting(DTTB)standard,digital terrestrial/television multimedia broadcasting-advanced(DTMB-A)can provide higher spectrum efficiency and transmission reliability by adopting flexible frame structure and advanced forward error correction coding compared with the 1 st generation DTTB systems.In order to increase the flexibility and robustness of the DTTB network,the frequency reuse scheme of factor one(reuse-1)is proposed,where the same RF channel is used by different stations covering the adjacent service areas.However,it demands a very low carrier-tonoise ratio(C/N)threshold below 0 dB at the DTTB physical layer.In this paper,a robust broadcasting technique is proposed based on DTMB-A with newly designed low-rate low density parity check(LDPC)codes.By adopting quasi-cyclic(QC)Raptor-like structure and progressive lifting method,the high performance low-rate LDPC codes are designed supporting multiple code lengths.Both density-evolution analyses and laboratory measurements demonstrate that DTMB-A with low-rate coding can complete the demodulation reliably with the C/N threshold below0 d B,which is one important necessary condition to support frequency reuse-1 scheme.展开更多
Abnormal effects in GPS broadcast ephemerides can have a significant effect on real-time navigation and positioning solutions that use the orbit and clock error data provided by GPS broadcast ephemerides.This paper de...Abnormal effects in GPS broadcast ephemerides can have a significant effect on real-time navigation and positioning solutions that use the orbit and clock error data provided by GPS broadcast ephemerides.This paper describes three types of non-integerhour navigation data in GPS broadcast ephemeris data.Compared with GPST integer hour data,we find that there are two types of data blocks for non-integer-hour navigation containing gross errors with different levels of precision,which is reflected in the user range accuracy(URA)of the broadcast ephemeris.These gross errors can cause large deviations when using the GPS broadcast ephemeris for orbit calculation and lead to a decrease in the kinematic positioning accuracy.An improved weighting method which is based on the consistency relationship between the URA value and the orbital precision is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy by controlling the effect of gross errors in the broadcast ephemerides.The correction algorithm proposed in this paper was applied to real-time kinematic positioning with shipborne GPS data over the South China Sea.The results showed that the proposed positioning algorithm can effectively reduce the effects of gross errors in the broadcast ephemeris,and significantly improve the accuracy of the navigation and positioning.展开更多
Broadcasting is a fundamental operation in any wireless networks, more so in wireless ad hoc sensor networks, where each sensor node has limited transmission range as well as battery power. Although broadcasting in wi...Broadcasting is a fundamental operation in any wireless networks, more so in wireless ad hoc sensor networks, where each sensor node has limited transmission range as well as battery power. Although broadcasting in wireless ad hoc sensor networks has many advantages but it can cause serious problems like-broadcast storm, which could cause a lot of contention, redundant retransmission, collision and most importantly, drain immense amount of energy from limited battery powered sensor nodes. In this work, our objective is to reduce the number of retransmission and energy consumption of sensor nodes by using the duty cycle property of wireless ad hoc sensor networks. We propose a preamble-based broadcasting technique for wireless ad hoc sensor networks. We show that in dense wireless ad hoc sensor networks a small size preamble can give maximum network-wide data dissemination rather than using the large preamble, which will only consume immense amount of energy during packet reception.展开更多
Based on the neologism in the broadcast news reporting, this paper will introduce different kinds of the most frequently used words today, including the extended meanings of the conventional words and new words create...Based on the neologism in the broadcast news reporting, this paper will introduce different kinds of the most frequently used words today, including the extended meanings of the conventional words and new words created by word formation.展开更多
A quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad based on the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state is proposed. A binary string is used to express the identity of the receiver, ...A quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad based on the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state is proposed. A binary string is used to express the identity of the receiver, which is encoded as a single sequence of photons. The encoded photon sequence acts as a detection sequence and implements authentication. An XOR operation serves as a one-time pad and is used to ensure the security of the protocol. The binary string is reused even in a noisy channel and proves to be unconditionally secure. In contrast with the protocols proposed by Wang et al. [Chin. Phys. 16 1868(2007)] and Yang et al. [Chin. Phys. B 19 070304(2010)], the protocol in this study implements the identity authentication with a reusable binary string; no hash function or local unitary operation is used. The protocol in this study is also easier to implement and highly efficient without losing security.展开更多
The attenuation of electrical field intensity , E , from an electromagnetic source , with the reciprocalof distance, 1/r, was studied using a theoretical calculation method and field simulation measurements. For a10 k...The attenuation of electrical field intensity , E , from an electromagnetic source , with the reciprocalof distance, 1/r, was studied using a theoretical calculation method and field simulation measurements. For a10 kW medium wave length transmitter , the展开更多
In this paper,we introduce a novel way to solve thetradeoff problem about communication,storage,computation overhead of broadcast encryptionscheme.We construct a new scheme based on SubsetDifference(SD)scheme,use the ...In this paper,we introduce a novel way to solve thetradeoff problem about communication,storage,computation overhead of broadcast encryptionscheme.We construct a new scheme based on SubsetDifference(SD)scheme,use the concept of RSAaccumulator and the idea of separating the user-sidedevice into different function parts,take advantageof the public device’s functionality,minimize thestorage and computation overhead of the privatedevice,and make the broadcast encryption schememore implementation-oriented.展开更多
We put forth a project, that is: using the backscatter technique to realize adaptive long-distanceHF broadcasting system in order to improve tke quality of HF broadcasting. Then, we analyze errors of thesystem due to ...We put forth a project, that is: using the backscatter technique to realize adaptive long-distanceHF broadcasting system in order to improve tke quality of HF broadcasting. Then, we analyze errors of thesystem due to the deviation of the ionospheric parameters’ prediction From the analysis, we draw the conciusion that our project is feasible. In addition, we point out that we can use frequency-spreading and information-coding technique to acquire more c1ear lonograms. We als0 offer a judgment on how to choose the control propagation mode on condition of multihop and the existence of more than one propagation mode on thesignals’ path.展开更多
Chang et al.[Chin.Phys.623 010305(2014)]have proposed a quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol.However,we find that an intercept-resend attack can be preformed successfully by a potential eavesdro...Chang et al.[Chin.Phys.623 010305(2014)]have proposed a quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol.However,we find that an intercept-resend attack can be preformed successfully by a potential eavesdropper,who will be able to destroy the authentication function.Afterwards,he or she can acquire the secret transmitted message or even modify it while escaping detection,by implementing an efficient man-in-the-middle attack.Furthermore,we show a simple scheme to defend this attack,that is,applying non-reusable identity strings.展开更多
To enhance encoding efficiency,an unequal error protection(UEP)broadcast scheme based on one additional feedback is proposed.Different from the equal probability selection for source packets in traditional fountain en...To enhance encoding efficiency,an unequal error protection(UEP)broadcast scheme based on one additional feedback is proposed.Different from the equal probability selection for source packets in traditional fountain encoding,the proposed scheme calculates the packet loss ratio(PLR)according to the feedback results in systematic broadcast phase(SBP)and then optimizes the selection probability for source packets to guarantee higher level error protection for those source packets with larger PLRs.Thus the amount of unnecessarily redundant encoded packets during encoding broadcast phase(EBP)is decreased significantly.Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can recover 60% more packets than the traditional non-feedback broadcast scheme at the expense of tolerably only one feedback procedure.展开更多
Problems of the current IGMP mechanism were identified, such as unnecessary periodic probing of hosts and leave latency, which wastes bandwidth and cause more traffic and overhead. Alternative mechanism that preserve ...Problems of the current IGMP mechanism were identified, such as unnecessary periodic probing of hosts and leave latency, which wastes bandwidth and cause more traffic and overhead. Alternative mechanism that preserve the IP multicast model but employ join/leave messages to track local group membership for broadcast LANs (shared medium LANs) was proposed in this paper. We describe the implementation requirements of the new mechanism and compare it to existing one, demonstrating that join/leave approach is uniformly superior for the environment of broadcast LANs.展开更多
Network coding has been proved to be an effective technique in improving the performance of data broadcast systems because clients requesting different data items can be served simultaneously in one broadcast. Previou...Network coding has been proved to be an effective technique in improving the performance of data broadcast systems because clients requesting different data items can be served simultaneously in one broadcast. Previous studies showed that its efficiency is highly related to the content of clients' cache. However, existing data broadcast systems do not take network coding information into account when making cache replacement decisions. In this paper, we propose two networks coding-aware cache replacement policies called DLRU and DLRU-CP to supplement network coding assisted data broadcast in on-demand broadcast environments. In DLRU, both data access and decoding contribution are taken into account to make replacement decisions. DLRU-CP is based on DLRU but allows clients to retrieve decodable data items that have not been requested yet. The performance gain of our proposed cache replacement policies over traditional cache replacement policy is shown in the simulation results, which demonstrate conclusively that the proposed policies can effectively reduce the overall response time.展开更多
基金the stage achievement of the National Social Science Foundation’s key project“Research on the New Forms of Human Rights Civilization in China”(Project No.21AZD095)the major project“Research on General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Important Expositions on Human Rights”(Project No.20JJD820002)of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China。
文摘Broadcast gymnastics,which was initiated in 1951,is one of the most widely adopted and popular mass sports activities in China,embodying the country's commitment to shaping the right to health of its citizens.The history and development of broadcast gymnastics are closely tied to the destiny of the nation,reflecting clear national will,and aiming to achieve the goal of“shaping new individuals”.The institutional forms of broadcast gymnastics can be categorized into three stages:“military simulation”,“administrative reinforcement”and“market competition”,each of which aligns with the objectives and needs of different periods.Taking the establishment and promotion of broadcast gymnastics in China as a focal point helps construct a doctrinal framework for the right to health.Based on the purposes and means of health shaping,the implementation of the right to health can be divided into four types:national health projects,citizens'health rights,the social health industry,and civic health consumption.National health projects,facilitated by legislative mechanisms,provide institutional support and supply for citizens'health rights.The right to health,as a social right,has both a subjective rights orientation and an objective value order orientation,thus establishing the individual's subject status in terms of their right to health.Its defense aspect is oriented toward rejecting excessive state intervention,while the benefit aspect directly links to the state's payment measures.The boundaries of state power also need to be defined in the social health industry and civic health consumption.Hence,developing broadcast gymnastics involves adjusting its relationship with the overall objectives of the state and individual citizens'needs.It involves balancing the use of administrative and market methods,continually innovating sports programs that better suit diverse needs,and actively participating in the competition of the fitness market.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant 61931015the Peng Cheng Laboratory under Grant PCL2021A10+1 种基金the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(No.JSGG20201103095805015)sponsored by Tsinghua University-Yunnan Mobile Digital TV Company Ltd.,Joint Research Center(JCICBN)。
文摘As the 2nd generation digital terrestrial television broadcasting(DTTB)standard,digital terrestrial/television multimedia broadcasting-advanced(DTMB-A)can provide higher spectrum efficiency and transmission reliability by adopting flexible frame structure and advanced forward error correction coding compared with the 1 st generation DTTB systems.In order to increase the flexibility and robustness of the DTTB network,the frequency reuse scheme of factor one(reuse-1)is proposed,where the same RF channel is used by different stations covering the adjacent service areas.However,it demands a very low carrier-tonoise ratio(C/N)threshold below 0 dB at the DTTB physical layer.In this paper,a robust broadcasting technique is proposed based on DTMB-A with newly designed low-rate low density parity check(LDPC)codes.By adopting quasi-cyclic(QC)Raptor-like structure and progressive lifting method,the high performance low-rate LDPC codes are designed supporting multiple code lengths.Both density-evolution analyses and laboratory measurements demonstrate that DTMB-A with low-rate coding can complete the demodulation reliably with the C/N threshold below0 d B,which is one important necessary condition to support frequency reuse-1 scheme.
基金The authors would like to thank to Second Institute of Oceanography for the marine GPS data in the South China Sea.And this study is under the support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0501701 and 2016YFB0501900).National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41574013 and 41874032)and the Funded by the State Key Laboratory of Geo-information Engineering(SKLGIE2016-M-1-1).
文摘Abnormal effects in GPS broadcast ephemerides can have a significant effect on real-time navigation and positioning solutions that use the orbit and clock error data provided by GPS broadcast ephemerides.This paper describes three types of non-integerhour navigation data in GPS broadcast ephemeris data.Compared with GPST integer hour data,we find that there are two types of data blocks for non-integer-hour navigation containing gross errors with different levels of precision,which is reflected in the user range accuracy(URA)of the broadcast ephemeris.These gross errors can cause large deviations when using the GPS broadcast ephemeris for orbit calculation and lead to a decrease in the kinematic positioning accuracy.An improved weighting method which is based on the consistency relationship between the URA value and the orbital precision is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy by controlling the effect of gross errors in the broadcast ephemerides.The correction algorithm proposed in this paper was applied to real-time kinematic positioning with shipborne GPS data over the South China Sea.The results showed that the proposed positioning algorithm can effectively reduce the effects of gross errors in the broadcast ephemeris,and significantly improve the accuracy of the navigation and positioning.
文摘Broadcasting is a fundamental operation in any wireless networks, more so in wireless ad hoc sensor networks, where each sensor node has limited transmission range as well as battery power. Although broadcasting in wireless ad hoc sensor networks has many advantages but it can cause serious problems like-broadcast storm, which could cause a lot of contention, redundant retransmission, collision and most importantly, drain immense amount of energy from limited battery powered sensor nodes. In this work, our objective is to reduce the number of retransmission and energy consumption of sensor nodes by using the duty cycle property of wireless ad hoc sensor networks. We propose a preamble-based broadcasting technique for wireless ad hoc sensor networks. We show that in dense wireless ad hoc sensor networks a small size preamble can give maximum network-wide data dissemination rather than using the large preamble, which will only consume immense amount of energy during packet reception.
文摘Based on the neologism in the broadcast news reporting, this paper will introduce different kinds of the most frequently used words today, including the extended meanings of the conventional words and new words created by word formation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61370203)the Science and Technology Support Project of Sichuan Province,China(Grant No.13ZC2138)the Fund for Young Persons Project of Sichuan Province,China(Grant No.12ZB017)
文摘A quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad based on the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state is proposed. A binary string is used to express the identity of the receiver, which is encoded as a single sequence of photons. The encoded photon sequence acts as a detection sequence and implements authentication. An XOR operation serves as a one-time pad and is used to ensure the security of the protocol. The binary string is reused even in a noisy channel and proves to be unconditionally secure. In contrast with the protocols proposed by Wang et al. [Chin. Phys. 16 1868(2007)] and Yang et al. [Chin. Phys. B 19 070304(2010)], the protocol in this study implements the identity authentication with a reusable binary string; no hash function or local unitary operation is used. The protocol in this study is also easier to implement and highly efficient without losing security.
文摘The attenuation of electrical field intensity , E , from an electromagnetic source , with the reciprocalof distance, 1/r, was studied using a theoretical calculation method and field simulation measurements. For a10 kW medium wave length transmitter , the
基金support from Asia Media Research Center Foundation (AM0551)Foundation of the State Administration of Radio Film and Television (SARFT) (NO.2005-02-1 and NO.2005-02-2).
文摘In this paper,we introduce a novel way to solve thetradeoff problem about communication,storage,computation overhead of broadcast encryptionscheme.We construct a new scheme based on SubsetDifference(SD)scheme,use the concept of RSAaccumulator and the idea of separating the user-sidedevice into different function parts,take advantageof the public device’s functionality,minimize thestorage and computation overhead of the privatedevice,and make the broadcast encryption schememore implementation-oriented.
文摘We put forth a project, that is: using the backscatter technique to realize adaptive long-distanceHF broadcasting system in order to improve tke quality of HF broadcasting. Then, we analyze errors of thesystem due to the deviation of the ionospheric parameters’ prediction From the analysis, we draw the conciusion that our project is feasible. In addition, we point out that we can use frequency-spreading and information-coding technique to acquire more c1ear lonograms. We als0 offer a judgment on how to choose the control propagation mode on condition of multihop and the existence of more than one propagation mode on thesignals’ path.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61272057 and 61170270)
文摘Chang et al.[Chin.Phys.623 010305(2014)]have proposed a quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol.However,we find that an intercept-resend attack can be preformed successfully by a potential eavesdropper,who will be able to destroy the authentication function.Afterwards,he or she can acquire the secret transmitted message or even modify it while escaping detection,by implementing an efficient man-in-the-middle attack.Furthermore,we show a simple scheme to defend this attack,that is,applying non-reusable identity strings.
基金Supported by China National S&T Major Project(2013ZX03003002003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61371075)"111"Project of China(B14010)
文摘To enhance encoding efficiency,an unequal error protection(UEP)broadcast scheme based on one additional feedback is proposed.Different from the equal probability selection for source packets in traditional fountain encoding,the proposed scheme calculates the packet loss ratio(PLR)according to the feedback results in systematic broadcast phase(SBP)and then optimizes the selection probability for source packets to guarantee higher level error protection for those source packets with larger PLRs.Thus the amount of unnecessarily redundant encoded packets during encoding broadcast phase(EBP)is decreased significantly.Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can recover 60% more packets than the traditional non-feedback broadcast scheme at the expense of tolerably only one feedback procedure.
文摘Problems of the current IGMP mechanism were identified, such as unnecessary periodic probing of hosts and leave latency, which wastes bandwidth and cause more traffic and overhead. Alternative mechanism that preserve the IP multicast model but employ join/leave messages to track local group membership for broadcast LANs (shared medium LANs) was proposed in this paper. We describe the implementation requirements of the new mechanism and compare it to existing one, demonstrating that join/leave approach is uniformly superior for the environment of broadcast LANs.
基金Sponsored by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China ( Grant No. CityU 7002702)the Social Science Foundation from the Ministry of Education,China ( Grant No. 10YJC630021 )the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Grant No.71202120)
文摘Network coding has been proved to be an effective technique in improving the performance of data broadcast systems because clients requesting different data items can be served simultaneously in one broadcast. Previous studies showed that its efficiency is highly related to the content of clients' cache. However, existing data broadcast systems do not take network coding information into account when making cache replacement decisions. In this paper, we propose two networks coding-aware cache replacement policies called DLRU and DLRU-CP to supplement network coding assisted data broadcast in on-demand broadcast environments. In DLRU, both data access and decoding contribution are taken into account to make replacement decisions. DLRU-CP is based on DLRU but allows clients to retrieve decodable data items that have not been requested yet. The performance gain of our proposed cache replacement policies over traditional cache replacement policy is shown in the simulation results, which demonstrate conclusively that the proposed policies can effectively reduce the overall response time.