SR-DCSK Cooperative Communication System with Code Index Modulation:A New Design for 6G New Radios

This paper proposes a high-throughput short reference differential chaos shift keying cooperative communication system with the aid of code index modulation,referred to as CIM-SR-DCSK-CC system.In the proposed CIM-SR-DCSK-CC system,the source transmits information bits to both the relay and destination in the first time slot,while the relay not only forwards the source information bits but also sends new information bits to the destination in the second time slot.To be specific,the relay employs an N-order Walsh code to carry additional log_(2)N information bits,which are superimposed onto the SRDCSK signal carrying the decoded source information bits.Subsequently,the superimposed signal carrying both the source and relay information bits is transmitted to the destination.Moreover,the theoretical bit error rate(BER)expressions of the proposed CIMSR-DCSK-CC system are derived over additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN)and multipath Rayleigh fading channels.Compared with the conventional DCSKCC system and SR-DCSK-CC system,the proposed CIM-SR-DCSK-CC system can significantly improve the throughput without deteriorating any BER performance.As a consequence,the proposed system is very promising for the applications of the 6G-enabled lowpower and high-rate communication.

RIS Assisted Dual-Function Radar and Secure Communications Based on Frequency-Shifted Chirp Spread Spectrum Index Modulation

Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)assisted dual-function radar communications(DFRC)system is a promising integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)technology for future 6G.In this paper,we propose a scheme of RIS-assisted DFRC system based on frequency shifted chirp spread spectrum index modulation(RDFI)for secure communications.The proposed RDFI achieves the sensing and transmission of target location information in its radar and communication modes,respectively.In both modes,the frequency-shifted chirp spread spectrum index modulation(FSCSS-IM)signal is used as the baseband signal for radar and communications,so that the signal sent by the radar also carries information.This scheme implements the RIS-assisted beamforming in the communication mode through the azimuth information of the target acquired in the radar mode,so that the signal received from the eavesdropper is distorted in amplitude and phase.In addition,this paper analyzes the radar measurement accuracy and communication security of the FSCSS-IM signal using ambiguity function and secrecy rate(SR)analysis,respectively.Simulation results show that RDFI achieves both excellent bit error rate(BER)performance and physical layer security of communications.

A NEW ALGORITHM FOR MAIN CARRIER ACQUISITION IN DEEP SPACE COMMUNICATIONS

Compared with common near space satellite Telemetry,Telecommand,and Communication(TT&C),deep space TT&C presents a more challenging environment such as long distance,very low Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR).How to acquire main carrier exactly becomes a hot focus for deep space communications.Already there emerged some main carrier acquisition algorithms,but they all require high SNR and small modulation index.In this paper,we develop a new acquire algorithm.First we use the spectral energy center algorithm to shorten the original sequence,filter out some noise and make the spectral more symmetric.Then we adopt the spectral symmetry algorithm to make full use of the whole spectrum information,and utilize FFT to reduce computation complexity.Simulation results show that our algorithm can acquire main carrier successfully under large modulation index and get good performance with low Carrier to Noise Ratio(CNR).

STUDY ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSPORT CONTROL POLICY IN COMMUNICATION NETWORK

In communication networks with policy-based Transport Control on-Demand (TCoD) function,the transport control policies play a great impact on the network effectiveness. To evaluate and optimize the transport policies in communication network,a policy-based TCoD network model is given and a comprehensive evaluation index system of the network effectiveness is put forward from both network application and handling mechanism perspectives. A TCoD network prototype system based on Asynchronous Transfer Mode/Multi-Protocol Label Switching (ATM/MPLS) is introduced and some experiments are performed on it. The prototype system is evaluated and analyzed with the comprehensive evaluation index system. The results show that the index system can be used to judge whether the communication network can meet the application requirements or not,and can provide references for the optimization of the transport policies so as to improve the communication network effectiveness.

A Statistical Theory of Language Translation Based on Communication Theory

We propose the first statistical theory of language translation based on communication theory. The theory is based on New Testament translations from Greek to Latin and to other 35 modern languages. In a text translated into another language, all linguistic variables do numerically change. To study the chaotic data that emerge, we model any translation as a complex communication channel affected by “noise”, studied according to Communication Theory applied for the first time to this channel. This theory deals with aspects of languages more complex than those currently considered in machine translations. The input language is the “signal”, the output language is a “replica” of the input language, but largely perturbed by noise, indispensable, however, for conveying the meaning of the input language to its readers. We have defined a noise-to-signal power ratio and found that channels are differently affected by translation noise. Communication channels are also characterized by channel capacity. The translation of novels has more constraints than the New Testament translations. We propose a global readability formula for alphabetical languages, not available for most of them, and conclude with a general theory of language translation which shows that direct and reverse channels are not symmetric. The general theory can also be applied to channels of texts belonging to the same language both to study how texts of the same author may have changed over time, or to compare texts of different authors. In conclusion, a common underlying mathematical structure governing human textual/verbal communication channels seems to emerge. Language does not play the only role in translation;this role is shared with reader’s reading ability and short-term memory capacity. Different versions of New Testament within the same language can even seem, mathematically, to belong to different languages. These conclusions are everlasting because valid also for ancient Roman and Greek readers.

Bilateral Coupled Epsilon Negative Metamaterial for Dual Band Wireless Communications

This work presents a dual band epsilon negative(ENG)metamaterial with a bilateral coupled split ring resonator(SRR)for use in C and X band wireless communication systems.The traditional split-ring resonator(SRR)has been amended with this engineered structure.The proposed metamaterial unit cell is realized on the 1.6 mm thick FR-4 printed media with a dimension of 10×10 mm2.The resonating patch built with a square split outer ring.Two interlinked inner rings are coupled vertically to the outer ring to extend its electrical length as well as to tune the resonance frequency.Numerical simulation is performed using CST studio suite 2019 to design and performance analysis.The transmission coefficient(S21)of the proposed unit cell and array configuration exhibits two resonances at 6.7 and 10.5 GHz with wide bandwidth extended from 4.86 to 8.06 GHz and 10.1 to 11.2 GHz,respectively.Negative permittivity is noted at frequencies between 6.76–9.5 GHz and 10.5–12 GHz,consecutively,with near-zero refractive index and permeability.The optimal EMR value depicts the compactness of the proposed structure.The 1×2,2×2 and 4×4 arrays are analyzed that shows similar response compared to the unit cell.Measured results of the 2×2 array shows the close similarity of S21 response as compared to simulation.The observed properties of the proposed unit cell ascertain its suitability for wireless communications by enhancing the gain and directivity of the antenna system.

Relay Selection Strategy in the Secure Cooperative Communications System

With the low cost and low hardware complex considerations,cooperative systems are a tendency in the future communications.This work considers the secure cooperative communications systems.For a practical situation in the system,the scenario includes multiple source stations,multiple relay stations,multiple destination stations,and eavesdroppers.To analyze the optimal relay selection in the system,we begin with the performance analysis for a single source station and a single destination station.By applying two cooperative models,the amplify-andforward（AF） mode and decode-and-forward（DF）mode,the secrecy capacity is derived.Then,we apply the derived results to the considered environment to find the optimal relay assignment.By the way,the relay selection can be obtained by the exhaustive search algorithm.However,there are a lot of steps needed if the number of source stations is large.Hence,applying the characters of the cooperative modes in the relay selection,the pre-selection step is proposed with a mathematical derivation.It could be used for the practical situation without a long-time calculation.

Multiple Communication Channels in Literary Texts

The statistical theory of language translation is used to compare how a literary character speaks to different audiences by diversifying two important linguistic communication channels: the “sentences channel” and the “interpunctions channel”. The theory can “measure” how the author shapes a character speaking to different audiences, by modulating deep-language parameters. To show its power, we have applied the theory to the literary corpus of Maria Valtorta, an Italian mystic of the XX-century. The likeness index , ranging from 0 to 1, allows to “measure” how two linguistic channels are similar, therefore implying that a character speaks to different audiences in the same way. A 6-dB difference between the signal-to-noise ratios of two channels already gives IL ≈ 0.5, a threshold below which the two channels depend very little on each other, therefore implying that the character addresses different audiences differently. In conclusion, multiple linguistic channels can describe the “fine tuning” that a literary author uses to diversify characters or distinguish the behavior of the same character in different situations. The theory can be applied to literary corpora written in any alphabetical language.

Fractional Chaos Based Communication Systems——An Introduction

As one of secure communication means, chaotic communication systems has been well-developed during the past three decades. Technical papers, both for theoretical and practical investigations, have reached a huge amount in number. On the other hand, fractional chaos, as a parallel ongoing research topic, also attracts many researchers to investigate. As far as the IT field is concerned, the research on control systems by using fractional chaos known as FOC （fractional order control） has been a hot issue for quite a long time. As a comparison, interesting enough, up to now we have not found any research result related to Fractional Chaos Communi- cation （FCC） system, i.e., a system based on fractional chaos. The motivation of the present article is to reveal the feasibility of realizing communication systems based upon FCC and their superiority over the conventional integer chaotic communication systems. Principles of FCC and its advantages over integer chaotic communication systems are also discussed.

高校国际中文教育新媒体传播力研究

作为新媒体形式之一的微信公众平台近年来日益获得受众青睐,其在国际中文教育宣传与推广方面具有重要作用。本文采用定量和定性的混合研究方法,通过对软科大学排名的198所开设国际中文教育专业高校的相关微信公众平台2022年10月1日至2023年9月30日一整年4万余条推文进行收集与整理,运用清博指数(WCI)测算出微信公众平台的影响力,同时对微信公众平台的推文进行特征类型和呈现形式分类,并通过SPSS进行分析统计,比较了不同类型高校的差异,分析了高传播力和低传播力推文特征,以及对不同类型推文WCI进行比较。根据研究结果及分析,总结出国际中文教育微信公众平台传播力提升的具体策略。

上海市北蔡镇老年人体质量指数与社区常见慢性病的关系探讨

目的了解上海市北蔡镇老年人群体质量指数(BMI)与社区常见慢性病患病率的关系,为慢性病的预防提供参考依据。方法采用问卷方式调查常见慢性病患病及治疗,通过研究对象回忆25岁时的身高、体重,计算出25岁时BMI,分为低体重组、体重正常组与超重组。测量老年人目前的身高、体重,计算出目前BMI,分为体重正常组、超重组、肥胖组。使用美国GE公司双能X线骨密度仪对腰椎和左股骨近端进行骨密度测定。结果 25岁时BMI分组,骨质疏松症和糖尿病的患病率3组具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。目前BMI分组,骨质疏松症和高血压的患病率3组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上海市北蔡镇老年人骨质疏松症、高血压和糖尿病的患病率与BMI关系密切,建议从青少年至老年人均应合理营养,合理控制体重,坚持适当的体育活动,保持良好的BMI。

2008年北京市顺义区成人慢病及相关危险因素监测

目的了解北京市顺义区成人慢病及吸烟、饮酒等危险因素的分布情况,分析相关危险因素对高血压、糖尿病等慢病的影响。方法采用等比例多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,调查了3个乡镇11个调查点的18岁及以上常住居民827人。结果顺义区18岁及以上人群中高血压患病率为36.52%(标化率为35.06%),糖尿病患病率为9.92%(标化率为9.43%),超重和肥胖率分别为43.41%、23.82%,血脂异常率高达50.91%(标化率为43.18%);男性吸烟、饮酒率分别为56.10%和42.28%。结论糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和肥胖严重危害着该区居民健康,吸烟、饮酒等慢病危险因素水平居高不下,控制慢病危害已成为公共卫生面临的巨大挑战。

关于巴基球文献标引衍变过程的分析

本文通过对美国《化学文摘》（ＣＡ）中关于巴基球（富勒烯）文献标引的衍变过程所进行的个案分析，揭示当代科学技术中的新概念、新发现在一次期刊和二次期刊中的传播规律。

The Establishment of a New Air Health Index Integrating the Mortality Risks Due to Ambient Air Pollution and Non-Optimum Temperature

A composite Air Health Index(AHI)is helpful for separately emphasizing the health risks of multiple stimuli and communicating the overall risks of an adverse atmospheric environment to the public.We aimed to establish a new AHI by integrating daily mortality risks due to air pollution with those due to non-optimum temperature in China.Based on the exposure-response(E-R)coefficients obtained from time-series models,the new AHI was constructed as the sum of excess mortality risk associated with air pollutants and non-optimum temperature in 272 Chinese cities from 2013 to 2015.We examined the association between the“total AHI”(based on total mortality)and total mortality,and further compared the ability of the“total AHI”to predict specific cardiopulmonary mortality with that of“specific AHIs”(based on specific mortalities).On average,air pollution and non-optimum temperature were associated with 28.23%of daily excess mortality,of which 23.47%was associated with non-optimum temperature while the remainder was associated with fine particulate matter(PM2.5)(1.12%),NO2(2.29%,),and O3(2.29%).The new AHI uses a 10-point scale and shows an average across all 272 cities of 6 points.The E-R curve for AHI and mortality is approximately linear,without any thresholds.Each one unit increase in“total AHI”is associated with a 0.84%increase in all-cause mortality and 1.01%,0.98%,1.02%,1.66%,and 1.71%increases in cardiovascular disease,coronary heart disease,stroke,respiratory diseases,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality,respectively.Cause-specific mortality risk estimates using the“total AHI”are similar to those predicted by“specific AHIs.”In conclusion,the“total AHI”proposed herein could be a promising tool for communicating health risks related to exposure to the ambient environment to the public.

Measuring Spatial Differences of Informatization in China

As the wide application of new Information and Communication Technologies （ICTs） shows, the world is moving fast to- wards an information age. Since China was first connected to the Internet in 1994, the development of ICTs in China and around the world has been astonishingly fast, and yet there is a clear ＇digital divide＇ among different regions in China. Although Chinese geogra- phers have paid attention to regional differences in informatization, they usually employ a limited number of indicators, mainly focusing on the Intemet. In fact, infi^rmatization is a much broader concept, covering not only the lntemet, but also mobile phones as well as user ability. In the light of these considerations, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the development of informatization and its spatial differences in China. First, based on a literature review, the paper identifies 29 preliminary indicators for measuring informa- tization, and employs prin,-ipal components analysis and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to streamline them into 12 indicators to form an ICTs Developmen： Index （ID1）. Second, by using the data from provincial statistical yearbooks and the China Internet Network Information Center, the paper calculates the 1191 of each mega-region and each province in 2000-2010, and measures the changing spa- tial differences in the development of informatization in China. Lastly, the paper quantifies the relationship between informatization and economic growth. The empirical results show that the IDI of the western and central China has been increasing faster than that of the coastal region, indicating that the digital divide in China has been narrowing.

Aperture-averaged scintillation index and fade statistics in weak oceanic turbulence

With the rapid demand for underwater optical communication(UOC), studies of UOC degradation by oceanic turbulence have attached increasing attention worldwide and become a research hot-spot in recent years. Previous studies used a simplified and inaccurate oceanic turbulence spectrum, in which the eddy diffusivity ratio between temperature and salinity is assumed to be unity and the outer scale of turbulence is assumed to be infinite. However, both assumptions are not true in most of the actual marine environments. In this paper, based on the Rytov theory in weak turbulence, we derive analytical expressions of "the aperture-averaged scintillation index"(SI) for both plane and spherical waves, which can clearly demonstrate how SI is influenced by several key factors in UOC. Then, typical fade statistics of the UOC system in weak turbulence is discussed including the probability of fade, the expected number of fades per time, the mean fade time,signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate. Our results show that spherical wave is preferable in the UOC system in weak turbulence compared to plane wave, and the aperture-averaged effect has a significant impact on UOC system's performance.Our results can be used to determine those key parameters for designing the UOC system over reasonable ranges.

Design of Photonic Crystal Fiber Capable of Carrying Multiple Orbital Angular Momentum Modes Transmission

For the traditional photonic crystal fibers with circular air holes, rectangular air holes are added to the fiber cladding. The periodic arrangement of the inner rectangular air holes allows the fiber structure to better match the annular mode field distribution of the vortex beam. The fiber structure was analyzed and calculated by COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 finite element software, and the characteristics of fiber were analyzed, such as the dispersion, confinement loss, effective mode area and nonlinear coefficient. The results reveal that the photonic crystal fiber structure capable of carrying 50 orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes at the wavelength of 1.15 to 2.0 μm (850 nm). The effective refractive index difference Δneff between vector modes can reach 1 × 10-3, and larger difference can effectively separate the vector modes and improve the transmission performance of OAM modes. Moreover, the fiber has good performance, such as flat dispersion distribution of the low-order modes, low confinement loss below 10-9 dB·m-1, large effective mode field area and small nonlinear coefficient in the 850 nm wavelength range. Therefore, this fiber structure can be applied to the high-capacity communication system of fiber multiplexing OAM. In addition, the good characteristics of this fiber structure are of great significance for the transmission of vortex beam in fiber.

语言国际传播力指数研制与中文传播力评价研究

本研究依据语言传播理论,构建语言国际传播力评价指标体系。包含语言相似度、语言互通度、语言选择度和语言使用度4个一级指标,8个二级指标和11个三级指标。经德尔菲法和熵权法检验显示,指标体系信效度较高,赋权合理。依据该指标体系对中文在“一带一路”沿线56国的国际传播力指数评级显示,中文在“一带一路”沿线不同国家间的传播力差异较大,在部分国家的传播力仍需加强。基于此,本研究提出加强“一带一路”中文国际传播力的三点建议。

定期健康管理在有不良生活习惯的慢性非传染性疾病患者中的应用效果

目的探讨定期健康管理在有不良生活习惯的慢性非传染性疾病患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月~2019年4月于本门诊部进行体检的150例有不良生活习惯的慢性非传染性疾病患者作为研究对象。检测患者的体重指数(BMI)、腰围、平均血压(MBP)、血糖、血脂等指标,依据检测结果对患者进行定期个性化的生活方式健康管理。比较患者定期健康管理前后的检测异常指标、健康行为情况和健康知识评分。结果患者定期健康管理后的腰围、BMI、MBP、空腹血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均低于定期健康管理前,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)高于定期健康管理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者定期健康管理后健康行为中饮酒、吸烟的比例低于定期健康管理前,低盐低脂饮食、锻炼身体、参加健康教育的比例高于定期健康管理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者定期健康管理后的健康知识评分高于定期健康管理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论定期健康管理可明显改善患者的不良生活习惯,提高预防与治疗慢性非传染性疾病的自主意识,从而减缓慢性非传染性疾病的发展。

Simulation Evaluation of Filtering Method for Improving Pedestrian Positioning Accuracy Using Signal Strengths

In recent years, we have been able to use various services using the position information of smartphones and tablets. In addition, research on intelligent transport systems (ITS) has been actively conducted. To consider reducing traffic accidents by exchanging position information between pedestrians and vehicles by vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, we require accurate position information for pedestrians and vehicles. The GPS (global positioning system) is the most widely used method for acquiring position information. However, in urban areas, the GPS signal is affected by the surrounding buildings, which increases the positioning error. In this study, a method to improve the positioning accuracy of pedestrians using the signal strengths from vehicles and beacons was proposed. First, a Kalman filter was applied to the signal strength. Then, the path loss index was dynamically calculated using vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Finally, the position of a pedestrian was obtained using weighted centroid localization (WCL) after filtering the nodes. The positioning accuracy was evaluated using a simulator and demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method.