Whole-Process Project Cost Management Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM)

The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the application of BIM technology.This paper summarizes and analyzes the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,aiming to explore its application and development prospects in the construction industry.Firstly,this paper introduces the role and advantages of BIM technology in engineering cost management,including information integration,data sharing,and collaborative work.Secondly,the paper analyzes the key technologies and methods of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,including model construction,data management,and cost control.In addition,the paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the whole-process BIM project cost management,such as the inconsistency of technical standards,personnel training,and consciousness change.Finally,the paper summarizes the advantages and development prospects of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM and puts forward the direction and suggestions for future research.Through the research of this paper,it can provide a reference for construction cost management and promote innovation and development in the construction industry.

A Building Information Modeling-Life Cycle Cost Analysis Integrated Model to Enhance Decisions Related to the Selection of Construction Methods at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.

Integration of Building Maintenance Data in Application of Building Information Modeling (BIM)

A typical building project has a long life in the maintenance stage. Also, the cost at this stage is enormously huge compared to planning, design and construction phases. In the earlier stage, which is planning or design phase, however, many project participants put little emphasis on the maintenance information. As a result, important maintenance data is missing and erroneously feedback to the 3D/BIM model. This research provides a generic process model for maintenance information management for building facilities. The authors have identified that there exist most-frequently used information areas: checking information, material information, equipment information, supplier information, and maintenance history information. Each information area should be embedded in the BIM model in order to effectively feedback to the operation and maintenance stage in the project. Thus, the study has proposed a novel data format structure which can effectively link the 3D/BIM object with the maintenance data. The demonstration project shows how the data format structure is used. The contribution of this study is to provide guidance to a project practitioner by step-by-step approach in dealing with the significant maintenance information in the earlier stage of the construction project.

Integrating Virtual Reality and Energy Analysis with BIM to Optimize Window-to-Wall Ratio and Building’s Orientation for Age-in-Place Design at the Conceptual Stage

This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approximately 30% of total energy consumed worldwide. The greatest contributors to energy expenditure in buildings are internal artificial lighting and heating and cooling systems. The WWR, determined by the proportion of the building’s glazed area to its wall area, is a significant factor influencing energy efficiency and minimizing energy load. This study introduces the development of a semi-automated computer model designed to offer a real-time, interactive simulation environment, fostering improving communication and engagement between designers and owners. The said model serves to optimize both the WWR and building orientation to align with occupants’ needs and expectations, subsequently reducing annual energy consumption and enhancing the overall building energy performance. The integrated model incorporates Building Information Modeling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR), and Energy Analysis tools deployed at the conceptual design stage, allowing for the amalgamation of owners’ inputs in the design process and facilitating the creation of more realistic and effective design strategies.

Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Materials in the Building Envelope Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)—A Case Study Approach

Building envelope is a fence that controls heat exchange between interior and exterior and plays an essential role in providing thermal comfort conditions of residents. In recent years, due to the necessity of conserving energy and also preventing increased environmental pollution, the importance of sustainable construction has been doubled. Checking the problems of thermal behavior of the building envelope materials, and what influences in the heating and cooling loads exerted and energy consumption of buildings, are the questions that this research seeks to answer. In this regard, building information modelling analysis (BIM) has worthy contribution in the completion process of sustainable design;thus using software Design Builder, it is paid attention to simulation of the thermal behavior of two types of defined materials for the building envelope that was designed as a Research Institute of Renewable Energy of Yazd University. For Type 1 materials, two layers of brick have been selected, and for Type 2 a thermal insulation layer also added it. Results of the analysis showed that the use of materials Type 2 in the cooling load %4.8 and in the thermal load %62.5 reduction can be achieved which means reducing the load on active system and thus reducing the initial cost of building. Also reduction in annual energy consumption by almost %2.4 for cooling and %62.9 for heating buildings have been achieved, which makes saving non-renewable energy consumption, and consequently reducing environmental pollution as well as reducing current costs will be established.

基于BIM的公路工程标准化EBS分解方法

工程结构分解(EBS)是公路工程全寿命周期信息化管理的基础。为了提高公路工程建设期信息化水平,基于BIM技术应用,提出了公路工程标准化EBS分解方法。标准化分解方法根据工程中不同路段,梳理专业划分以及空间位置划分原则,并依据行业标准,确定标准化EBS结构的叶子节点,提供公路工程EBS结构树模板示例。研究结果旨在提高高速公路数字化交付中的数据处理标准建设,为实施公路工程数字化提供基础支持。

基于工业基础类标准的钢结构BIM全数据交互技术

研究了适用于各类钢结构的基于工业基础类标准(IFC)的全数据交互技术,可以导出钢结构模型完整的几何信息与附加属性,使通用建筑BIM软件能够进行模型信息读取并编辑其中的参数化构件;可以将模型全信息导入钢结构主流详图设计软件Tekla进行解析并重生成结构模型,实现模型二次编辑与施工出图。经工程实例验证,该成果应用于钢结构建筑信息模型(BIM)数据交互时信息传递完整、模型转换质量高,避免了钢结构不同设计阶段的重复建模,极大提升了设计效率。

基于BIM技术的福州市连江县仁坂黄家祖厝建模研究

文章运用三维激光技术对福州市连江县仁坂黄家祖厝进行数据收集,对建筑要素进行系统性梳理,利用BIM技术的“族嵌套”方式构建“族”库以及可视化建筑信息模型。将BIM技术与福州古厝结合,为福州古厝保护研究工作提供了新的方式。仁坂黄家祖厝模型建立对福州其余古厝保护研究工作有着巨大的参考价值。

基于BIM和语义网的轨道智能运维管理方法

建筑信息模型(BIM)技术对提高轨道运维管理效率具有重要的推进作用。然而,不同的检查和维护活动产生的数据异构性高、时空关系复杂,阻碍了BIM解释和整合数据的进程。为此,开发了一个基于工业基础类(IFC)和语义Web技术的轨道运维本体(TOMO),其具有3个功能:①基于轨道运维生命周期的应用需求,简化BIM模型信息;②引入映射规则,建立数据提取与转换模块,集成多源异构数据,结构化定义数据之间复杂的时空关系;③结合数据驱动技术,研究轨道精调智能优化的方法,提供弹性决策支持。最后,以某高速铁路静检数据为例,验证了该框架的有效性与实用性,对于促进领域数据互操作性、降低运维人员劳动强度和提高运维管理智能化程度具有实际的工程指导意义。

重型施工机械安拆吊装作业视觉可达性BIM仿真分析

为提高重型施工机械安拆吊装作业安全工效,改善安拆作业过程中人员的可视性,提出基于可视锥法的多主体视觉可达性建筑信息模型(BIM)仿真方法。首先,通过重型施工机械视觉任务分解,得到重型施工机械多主体视觉任务;其次,以wk-35型电铲安拆作业为研究对象,分析起重驾驶司机-信号工-司索工多主体视觉任务,运用计算机辅助三维交互应用(CATIA)人因仿真模块,构建安拆吊装作业多主体视觉的BIM仿真场景;然后,采用可视锥法,计算安拆吊装作业过程多主体视觉可达性量值,测度多主体视觉可达性水平,构建重型机械施工机械多主体视觉评价模型;最后,调节BIM模型的过程参数,推演多主体视觉变化趋势,评价安拆吊装作业多主体视觉可达性。结果表明:安拆作业中起重司机在起升下降过程中视觉可达性较差,在平移过程中视觉可达性较好;信号工和司索工的位置与其视觉可达性联系紧密,当信号工处于视野刚好覆盖起重司机和司索工的位置时,其视觉可达性最好,而司索工需不断调整位置,使其视觉可达性达到最佳。

基于BIM 5D的项目安全与质量协同管理研究

为解决项目质量和安全管理无法直观表达、提前预防、及时整改等问题,本研究将BIM技术引入项目安全与质量管理工作中,验证了基于BIM 5D的工程安全与质量协同管理的可行性。通过研究得出:通过“事前预防”的BIM技术(建立Revit模型、深化设计、施工模拟、可视化技术交底),将项目质量和安全问题提前暴露,减少返工造成的不必要麻烦,保证物资的有序进场和合理堆放,为安全文明施工提供基础;通过“事中控制”的BIM 5D+智慧工地决策系统,将质量、安全问题进行归集、分析,将分析结果以图表呈现,对关键问题进行预警,及时发现问题并整改。上述方法保证了项目安全,提升了工程质量,为施工企业应用BIM 5D提供了参考。

面向全生命期贯通应用的BIM技术与管理需求

建筑信息模型(BIM)技术被提出时,存在一个“初心”,即BIM技术支撑包括规划、设计、施工、运行维护等各阶段的建筑工程全生命期跨阶段贯通应用。虽已经过20年,BIM技术在大量建筑工程中得到应用,但实现“初心”的应用仍然凤毛麟角,而且BIM应用发展当前遭遇瓶颈。为此,基于笔者研究和实践,提出突破瓶颈的关键,即实现面向全生命期贯通应用的BIM技术与管理突破。为此,从技术和管理层面系统分析相应需求,包括技术标准、应用软件、管理标准突破,并阐述其可行性,为我国BIM技术进一步发展和应用提供助力。

BIM技术的创新发展与大场景应用

BIM技术的广泛应用推动了建筑业从“数字化”到“可视化”的转变,显著提高了设计与施工的效率和质量。然而,国外BIM软件存在水土不服、迭代困难、信息安全等问题。我国自主研发的C⁃BIMBase平台以BIM模型为核心,具备高效的大场景建模能力和自主可控的技术特点,为BIM核心软件提供了国产化替代方案,确保了重要工程的数字安全,促进建筑业数字化水平提升。通过建立国产化的IFC标准体系,实现国外软件的国产化替代,国产BIM软件在大场景应用中展现出显著优势。展望未来,应加快推进国产化BIM软件及平台替代,开发自主知识产权的仿真求解器,掌握关键核心技术自主权。通过在大场景工程中的广泛应用和迭代升级,我国BIM技术有望实现从跟跑到领跑的转变,为建筑行业数字化转型和高质量发展做出贡献。

亭子口灌区一期工程第Ⅳ标段BIM正向设计优化与应用

灌区工程线路长、范围广、渠系建筑物众多,随着BIM技术在工程建设领域应用越来越广,在灌区设计中利用BIM进行三维正向设计与优化,有助于提高灌区设计质量,提升灌区整体管理水平。结合亭子口灌区一期工程第Ⅳ标段,介绍了利用水工建筑物三维参数化正向设计、BIM技术进行隧洞进出口三维开挖正向设计、深挖方暗渠优化设计、主支洞交叉段三维正向设计、BIM模型在运维阶段的应用等应用点,为类似工程设计提供了经验。

BIM下的高层建筑平面凹凸不规则识别方法

在高层建筑平面审查过程中,主要通过基于ResNET(残差学习网络)的图片分类模型进行平面凹凸不规则识别,存在数据样本不均衡的问题,使得最终识别结果曲线下面积(AUC)值较低。针对此类问题,提出建筑信息模型(BIM)下的高层建筑平面凹凸不规则识别方法。利用布尔交运算方法,分析高层BIM模型中所有结合对象之间的关系,获取建筑平面信息。通过无人机搭载图像采集系统获取建筑实景图像,并应用多尺度局部直方图均衡化算法实现图像增强。建立以最大类间方差法为基础的图像分割方案,结合多策略融合未来搜索算法确定最优分割阈值,得到高层建筑图像目标前景区域。最后,运用深度学习网络构建基于潜在特征空间的图片异常检测模型,将分割后图像输入训练好的模型中自动学习,即可得到建筑平面凹凸不规则识别结果。实验结果表明:该方法识别结果的AUC值为0.9,更符合高层建筑平面审查工程的要求。

基于BIM的公路边坡可视化管理方法研究

山地、丘陵地区的公路建设和运营中常伴有大量边坡,边坡的灾害问题已成为制约我国公路、铁路建设与运营发展的主要因素。目前,主流边坡信息化管理系统在信息集成领域存在缺陷,难以满足对各类复杂边坡科学监测与精细化管理的需求。为此,将BIM可视化技术引入到边坡监测与管理中,利用可视化模型“所见即所得”的优势与强大的数据集成能力改善沟通环境、提高管理效率。首先,通过地质钻孔数据解译结合地层层序优化逻辑确定地层层序、地层边界与分布范围,利用Dynamo节点开发基于钻孔数据的自动化建模程序,提出基于Revit+Dynamo的边坡地质BIM精细化建模方法。然后,提出联合OBJ-JSON格式储存模型关键属性信息的边坡模型轻量化导出方案,实现模型与地质信息的集成以及大体量边坡地质模型与Web的端互通,基于Three.js框架扩展WebGL原生代码优化BIM模型并开发了边坡BIM模型的Web端交互应用。最后,全方位分析涵盖项目全生命周期管理的内需并借助MySQL数据库技术将上述成果进行整合,开发了基于BIM的高速公路边坡的可视化监测管理平台并运用于实际工程。实例结果表明,基于平台建立的边坡可视化管理方案能够大幅提升案例公路边坡项目在运用阶段的管理水平与管理效率。研究为边坡信息化、可视化管理流程的制定和实施提供了参考。

基于GIS+BIM的山区铁路施工进度管理系统研究

针对传统山区铁路施工进度采用电子表格管理所导致的标准化低、直观化差等问题,设计基于GIS+BIM的铁路施工进度管理系统。通过设计图形化的进度数据采集方式,为不同施工单位进度填报提供了统一的数据入口;对进度数据进行统计分析,融合工程进度计划数据,动态展示工程进展与计划情况,驱动工点BIM模型在三维场景中展示三维进度。应用表明,该系统能够提高进度数据的统一性和进度展示的直观性,为铁路施工管理数字化提供支撑。

基于建筑信息模型(BIM)的余泥渣土源头减量管理信息系统研究

日益增长的建筑废弃物已成为中国大中城市可持续发展面临的棘手问题。国际上已有不少先进的建筑废弃物处理技术,但国外建筑废弃物的成分与中国的有很大不同,目前并没有一套符合中国国情的建筑废弃物回收利用技术与方案可以借鉴。因此,为解决中国建筑产业发展中余泥渣土所带来的诸多问题,综合考虑余泥渣土挖掘、运输、回收利用3个环节的协同管理,结合国际上有关标准制定出以黏粒含量与砂粒含量为判断基准的余泥渣土综合利用分类标准,基于建筑信息模型(BIM)技术,运用计算机图形技术、数据库技术、物联网技术等,开发一套过程、对象、平台都协同的余泥渣土源头减量管理信息系统。该系统包含访问层、业务应用层、应用支撑层、数据层和基础设施层5个层次,具有综合管理应用与项目管理应用两大部分6个功能模块,在实际工程应用中可以有效解决余泥渣土“挖掘—运输—回收利用”过程中的信息不对称问题,既可以在基坑开挖施工过程中指导渣土分类,又可以为建筑废弃物的源头减量制定方案,为中国建筑废弃物智能化管理提供技术支撑参考。

基于BIM的超高层地标综合体全生命周期建设

结合青岛海天中心项目,分阶段详细阐述BIM技术在超高层地标综合体全生命周期建设中的应用。在规划阶段建立各项BIM标准及组织制度,在设计阶段通过仿真模拟分析、BIM全专业模型深化,有效解决超高层综合体业态多、设计标准高,导致机电系统及管线布置错综复杂等问题,并实现设计施工信息传递。施工阶段基于BIM专业深化、三维激光扫描等应用,为异形外立面、钢结构和装配式机房等提供保障施工精度和进度的方法,并通过施工协同平台紧密结合虚拟建造与实体工程。在运维阶段搭建运维平台,实现提高运行管理效率、降低运维成本、提升建筑性能三位一体的目标。通过全生命周期BIM应用,实现全生命周期信息有效传递,为工程提质增效。

BIM技术加速建筑业数字化转型的思考与实践

国家“3060”“双碳”目标的提出对建筑业绿色改造升级形成了强大的倒逼力量,也为建筑业转型升级提供了战略机遇和发展方向。在数字经济的快速发展引领下,数字化成为传统产业转型的必然选择。数字建筑、智慧建筑、智慧工地均与“碳达峰”“碳中和”所指向的智慧、高效、高质量、低排放目标高度一致。基于“碳达峰”“碳中和”目标的大时代背景,分析了建筑业企业数字化转型立足于BIM技术,探讨了将BIM技术驱动的数字化转型作为推进建筑业企业服务创新实现的引擎的可行性。以某企业为实践案例,总结其利用BIM技术开发应用的成果,探索BIM技术在驱动数字化转型过程中发挥的作用,以期为大型国有建筑企业的转型升级提供借鉴。