Operational optimization of a building-level integrated energy system considering additional potential benefits of energy storage

As a key component of an integrated energy system(IES),energy storage can effectively alleviate the problem of the times between energy production and consumption.Exploiting the benefits of energy storage can improve the competitiveness of multi-energy systems.This paper proposes a method for day-ahead operation optimization of a building-level integrated energy system(BIES)considering additional potential benefits of energy storage.Based on the characteristics of peak-shaving and valley-filling of energy storage,and further consideration of the changes in the system’s load and real-time electricity price,a model of additional potential benefits of energy storage is developed.Aiming at the lowest total operating cost,a bi-level optimal operational model for day-ahead operation of BIES is developed.A case analysis of different dispatch strategies verifies that the addition of the proposed battery scheduling strategy improves economic operation.The results demonstrate that the model can exploit energy storage’s potential,further optimize the power output of BIES and reduce the economic cost.

Using Multidisciplinary Analysis to Develop Adaptation Options against Extreme Coastal Floods

Long-term flood risk adaptation and decision making are complex because the future is full of deep uncertainties.Flexibility and robustness can be used to deal with future uncertainty.This study developed an integrated modeling framework that extends previous studies to the spatial domain to assess the future flood risks and the cost and benefit of three adaptation measures for four types of buildings in Shanghai.Real options analysis(ROA)and dynamic adaptive policy pathways(DAPP)were integrated to develop a dynamic adaptation pathway and identify robust adaptation options.The results show that:(1)Sea level rise and land subsidence will significantly exacerbate the flood risks in Shanghai;(2)Among the three flood control measures,wet-floodproofing has the best economic performance in terms of both the net present value and the benefit/cost ratio,followed by dry-floodproofing,and elevation;(3)Dryfloodproofing can be used at the beginning of the future period(2030–2100),and it can be replaced by wet-floodproofing in 2035–2042;the elevation measure also shows good performance at the beginning of implementation,but its performance will decline after 2041–2045;(4)The combined strategy of dry-and wet-floodproofing in 2044–2046and a hybrid strategy combining the three measures should be the optimal solution for reducing the flood risks in 2047–2051.The methodology developed in this study can provide insights for coastal cities to formulate cost-effective and feasible adaptation strategies in a deeply uncertain future.