The State of Burgundy from Charles the Bold included in 1477 the Low Countries （comprising large parts of present-day Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France） as well as the counties of Nev...The State of Burgundy from Charles the Bold included in 1477 the Low Countries （comprising large parts of present-day Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France） as well as the counties of Nevers, Burgundy and the duchy of Burgundy. From 44 towns in the State of Burgundy, their pharmacists have been identified and based on studies on the population in European mediaeval towns, the number of inhabitants per apothecary could be established for the years 1400, 1440, 1480, 1520, 1560 and 1600. A distinction among small towns, medium sized and big towns has been made. In towns with less than 2,500 inhabitants usually .just one pharmacist is present. Because of the limited number of potential clients, it concerns often a town-pharmacist （partly） paid by the magistrate and with additional privileges or a monopolized position. A client-potential of 3,500-4,000 or higher allowed the pharmacist in the territory of the State of Burgundy to be commercially successful in the 15th and 16th century.展开更多
文摘The State of Burgundy from Charles the Bold included in 1477 the Low Countries （comprising large parts of present-day Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France） as well as the counties of Nevers, Burgundy and the duchy of Burgundy. From 44 towns in the State of Burgundy, their pharmacists have been identified and based on studies on the population in European mediaeval towns, the number of inhabitants per apothecary could be established for the years 1400, 1440, 1480, 1520, 1560 and 1600. A distinction among small towns, medium sized and big towns has been made. In towns with less than 2,500 inhabitants usually .just one pharmacist is present. Because of the limited number of potential clients, it concerns often a town-pharmacist （partly） paid by the magistrate and with additional privileges or a monopolized position. A client-potential of 3,500-4,000 or higher allowed the pharmacist in the territory of the State of Burgundy to be commercially successful in the 15th and 16th century.
