AN APPLICATION OF EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING IN FIR FILTER DESIGN WITH FREQUENCY SAMPLING METHOD

Frequency sampling is one of the popular methods in FIR digital filter design. In the frequency sampling method the value of transition band samples, which are usually obtained by consulting a table, must be determined in order to make the attenuation within the stopband maximal. However, the value obtained by searching for table can not be ensured to be optimal. Evolutionary programming (EP), a multi agent stochastic optimization technique, can lead to global optimal solutions for complex problems. In this paper a new application of EP to frequency sampling method is introduced. Two examples of lowpass and bandpass FIR filters are presented, and the steps of EP realization and experimental results are given. Experimental results show that the value of transition band samples obtained by EP can be ensured to be optimal and the performance of the filter is improved.

基于FIR-Stacking的刀具磨损预测

针对铣刀加工工件时传感器信号存在噪声、单一传统机器学习模型预测效果不理想的问题,提出一种基于自适应FIR滤波器和Stacking集成模型的刀具磨损预测方法。首先,采用自适应FIR滤波器去噪,计算时域、频域和时频域常用统计量作为信号特征,并对同一信号的多源信号特征进行拼接,经Pearson相关系数筛选保留相关系数大于0.2的特征;最后,以LightGBM、支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)、多层感知机(multilayer perceptron,MLP)作为基模型,Lasso作为元模型,构建Stacking集成模型进行刀具磨损预测。使用铣削加工数据集进行验证,结果表明该方法可有效提高预测准确性。

Indoor INS/UWB-based Human Localization With Missing Data Utilizing Predictive UFIR Filtering

A combined algorithm for the loosely fused ultra wide band(UWB)and inertial navigation system(INS)-based measurements is designed under the indoor human navigation conditions with missing data.The scheme proposed fuses the INS-and UWB-derived positions via a data fusion filter.Since the UWB signal is prone to drift in indoor environments and its outage highly affects the integrated scheme reliability,we also consider the missing data problem in UWB measurements.To overcome this problem,the loosely-coupled INS/UWB-integrated scheme is augmented with a prediction option based on the predictive unbiased finite impulse response(UFIR)fusion filter.We show experimentally that,the standard UFIR fusion filter has higher robustness than the Kalman filter.It is also shown that the predictive UFIR fusion filter is able to produce an acceptable navigation accuracy under temporary missing UWB-data.

A Fusion Kalman Filter and UFIR Estimator Using the Influence Function Method

In this paper,the Kalman filter(KF)and the unbiased finite impulse response(UFIR)filter are fused in the discrete-time state-space to improve robustness against uncertainties.To avoid the problem where fusion filters may give up some advantages of UFIR filters by fusing based on noise statistics,we attempt to find a way to fuse without using noise statistics.The fusion filtering algorithm is derived using the influence function that provides a quantified measure for disturbances on the resulting filtering outputs and is termed as an influence finite impulse response(IFIR)filter.The main advantage of the proposed method is that the noise statistics of process noise and measurement noise are no longer required in the fusion process,showing that a critical feature of the UFIR filter is inherited.One numerical example and a practice-oriented case are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.It is shown that the IFIR filter has adaptive performance and can automatically switch from the Kalman estimate to the UFIR estimates according to operating conditions.Moreover,the proposed method can reduce the effects of optimal horizon length on the UFIR estimate and can give the state estimates of best accuracy among all the compared methods.

FPGA-Based Efficient Programmable Polyphase FIR Filter

The modelling, design and implementation of a high-speed programmable polyphase finite impulse response (FIR) filter with field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology are described. This FIR filter can run automatically according to the programmable configuration word including symmetry/asymmetry, odd/even taps, from 32 taps up to 256 taps. The filter with 12 bit signal and 12 bit coefficient word-length has been realized on a Xilinx VirtexⅡ-v1500 device and operates at the maximum sampling frequency of (160 MHz.)

Optimal design study of high order FIR digital filters based on neural network algorithm

An optimal design approach of high order FIR digital filter is developed based on the algorithm of neural networks with cosine basis function . The main idea is to minimize the sum of the square errors between the amplitude response of the desired FIR filter and that of the designed by training the weights of neural networks, then obtains the impulse response of FIR digital filter . The convergence theorem of the neural networks algorithm is presented and proved, and the optimal design method is introduced by designing four kinds of FIR digital filters , i.e., low-pass, high-pass, bandpass , and band-stop FIR digital filter. The results of the amplitude responses show that attenuation in stop-bands is more than 60 dB with no ripple and pulse existing in pass-bands, and cutoff frequency of passband and stop-band is easily controlled precisely .The presented optimal design approach of high order FIR digital filter is significantly effective.

带FIR滤波的非线性滑动平均动态软测量模型

非线性滑动平均(NMA)模型能有效描述工业过程的动态特性,是一种典型的动态软测量模型.而受限于模型复杂度,NMA模型的输入时序边界相对较窄,难以适应带有大滞后或强测量噪声的动态工业过程.针对该问题,本文将NMA模型与结构简单、输入时序边界宽的FIR滤波器相结合,构造一种非线性、强抗干扰的软测量建模策略.并设计层白化结构来避免二者间的参数耦合现象,采用Adam算法进行同步优化,提高模型的预测精度及训练效率.最后,利用数值仿真和硫回收过程建模实验,验证所提模型的预测精度以及模型设计的合理性.

Performance Analysis of Analog Butterworth Low Pass Filter as Compared to Chebyshev Type-I Filter, Chebyshev Type-II Filter and Elliptical Filter

A signal is the entity that carries information. In the field of communication signal is the time varying quantity or functions of time and they are interrelated by a set of different equations, but some times processing of signal is corrupted due to adding some noise in the information signal and the information signal become noisy. It is very important to get the information from corrupted signal as we use filters. In this paper, Butterworth filter is designed for the signal analysis and also compared with other filters. It has maximally flat response in the pass band otherwise no ripples in the pass band. To meet the specification, 6th order Butterworth filter was chosen because it is flat in the pass band and has no amount of ripples in the stop band.

Implementing method of optimum front-end conditioner based on Butterworth filter

The front-end conditioner is an essential part of digital systems of nuclear spectrometer, which functions in two ways: (1) prevents saturation of the subsequent ADC; (2) limits the bandwidth of frequency to realize anti-aliasing. To realize the above-mentioned functions, an optimum front-end conditioner for a resistive feedback charge-sensitive preamplifier is designed. In the conditioner, the pole-zero compensation (P/Z compensation) tech- nique was used to effectively filter signals from the preamplifier. The Butterworth filter was improved after the pole-zero position was optimally set up to shape the wave of output, which tallied with the whole system. The front-end conditioner can resolve the aberration of waveform of nuclear signals in a regular Butterworth filter. Com- pared with the traditional triple-pole filtering circuitry, the circuitry of this conditioner is more compact and flexible. Moreover, its output waveform is more symmetrical and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is higher. The improvement in the resolution of spectrometer is also significant.

Design and Implementation of Low-Pass, High-Pass and Band-Pass Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters Using FPGA

This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-pass, high-pass and a hand-pass Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filter using SPARTAN-6 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. The filter performance is tested using Filter Design and Analysis (FDA) and FIR tools from Mathworks. The FDA Tool is used to define the filter order and coefficients, and the FIR tool is used for Simulink simulation. The FPGA implementation is carried out using Spartan-6 LX75T-3FGG676C for different filter specifications and simulated with the help of Xilinx ISE (Integrated Software Environment). System Generator ISE design suit 14.6i is used in synthesizing and co-simulation for FPGA filter output verification. Finally, comparison is done between the results obtained from the software simulations and those from FPGA using hardware co-simulation. The simulation waveforms and synthesis reports verify the parallel implementation of FPGA which proves its effectiveness in terms of speed, resource usage and power consumption.

AN ITERATIVE ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMAL DESIGN OF NON-FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE FIR DIGITAL FILTERS

This paper proposes a novel iterative algorithm for optimal design of non-frequency-selective Finite Impulse Response(FIR) digital filters based on the windowing method.Different from the traditional optimization concept of adjusting the window or the filter order in the windowing design of an FIR digital filter,the key idea of the algorithm is minimizing the approximation error by succes-sively modifying the design result through an iterative procedure under the condition of a fixed window length.In the iterative procedure,the known deviation of the designed frequency response in each iteration from the ideal frequency response is used as a reference for the next iteration.Because the approximation error can be specified variably,the algorithm is applicable for the design of FIR digital filters with different technical requirements in the frequency domain.A design example is employed to illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.

一种基于优化分布式算法的FIR滤波器设计

本文针对采用分布式算法设计实现高阶FIR滤波器时,RAM资源占用较多的问题,提出了一种分布式算法的优化方法。讨论了分布式算法的基本原理,给出了分布式算法的优化方法并进行FPGA设计。结果表明,优化分布式算法相比于传统分布式算法,RAM资源占用量减少50%,具有良好的工程应用价值。

Area and Speed Efficient Implementation of Symmetric FIR Digital Filter through Reduced Parallel LUT Decomposed DA Approach

This brief proposes an area and speed efficient implementation of symmetric finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter using reduced parallel look-up table (LUT) distributed arithmetic (DA) based approach. The complexity lying in the realization of FIR filter is dominated by the multiplier structure. This complexity grows further with filter order, which results in increased area, power, and reduced speed of operation. The speed of operation is improved over multiply-accumulate approach using multiplier less conventional DA based design and decomposed DA based design. Both the structure requires B clock cycles to get the filter output for the input width of B, which limits the speed of DA structure. This limitation is addressed using parallel LUTs, called high speed DA FIR, at the expense of additional hardware cost. With large number of taps, the number of LUTs and its size also becomes large. In the proposed method, by exploiting coefficient symmetry property, the number of LUTs in the decomposed DA form is reduced by a factor of about 2. This proposed approach is applied in high speed DA based FIR design, to obtain area and speed efficient structure. The proposed design offers around 40% less area and 53.98% less slice-delay product (SDP) than the high throughput DA based structure when it’s implemented over Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA device-XC5VSX95T-1FF1136 for 16-tap symmetric FIR filter. The proposed design on the same FPGA device, supports up to 607 MHz input sampling frequency, and offers 60.5% more speed and 67.71% less SDP than the systolic DA based design.

SIMPLIFIED LATTICE REALIZAT ION OF FIR DIGITAL FILTERS

This paper suggests a simplified lattice structure for implementing FIR digital filters,which halvesthe hardware requirements of a conventional lattice realization.The conversion algorithms between directrealizations and the simplified lattice forms are given.Furthermore,the algorithms for linear phase FIR fil-ters are simplified.The principal results are illustrated by a practical example.

An Efficient Method of N-D FIR Digital Filter Designs and Implementation

All efficient method of N-D FIR digital filter designs and implementation is presented in the peper.The most interesting aspects of the work in the paper are divided into three parts:First,an efficient transformation functions which have good properties are proposed.Second,the essential properties for spherically or hyperspherically symmetric filters are given.Finally,the most efficient implementatiou which exploits the structure inherent in the design is discussed.

DAPSO and PSO-VAF in Linear Phase Digital Low Pass FIR Filter Design

Digital filters play a key role in the field of digital signal processing. This paper presents a linear phase digital low pass finite impulse response (FIR) filter design using particle swarm optimization and its two new variants, dynamic and adjustable particle swarm optimization (DAPSO) and particle swarm optimization with variable acceleration factor (PSO-VAF) and illustrates the superiority of the PSO-VAF method over PSO based methods. Two fitness functions are considered. The fitness1 is used to find the possible minimum ripples in pass band and stop band in case of PSO, DAPSO and PSO-VAF. Fitness2 is able to control the ripples in both bands separately. A comparison of simulation results demonstrates the performance of PSO and its methods in designing digital low pass FIR filters.

Digital FIR filter design for bio-signal processing system

Recently,real-time processing systems for bio-signal of the muscles generated by the movement of the user have been developed.Finite impulse response(FIR)filter for bio-signal processing in bio-signal process systems is composed of multiple multiplier and adder of high-area.This makes the chip area increase significantly.To solve this problem,a low-area digital FIR filter is proposed in this paper,which can reduce the chip area.

Efficient Single Event Upset-Tolerant FIR Filter Design Based on Residue Number for OBP Satellite Communication Systems

Cosmic radiation has several effects on the On-Board Processing(OBP)platform in satellite communications systems,and Single Event Upsets(SEUs)are one of its most important effects.In order to protect the Finite Impulse Response(FIR)filters against SEU,this paper proposes a novel Residue Number(RN)-based method.The proposed method applies the transpose form of the FIR filter to avoid the fault missing caused by SEU on shift registers.It also adjusts the input intelligently to avoid the fault missing caused by SEU on the filter coefficients.After all the fault missing events are avoided,the modulus can be minimised to achieve the minimum overhead.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the noise introduced by the input adjustment is negligible.Fault injection shows that the fault missing rate of the proposed method is zero.Finally,FPGA implementation shows that the overhead of the proposed method is approximately 75% of Triple Modular Redundancy,and is only 1%-2% higher than that of the traditional RN-based design.

基于MATLAB的FIR数字滤波器设计

针对信号加噪声信号采集系统中的信号处理过程,设计并实现一款基于MATLAB的FIR数字低通滤波器。简单介绍窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器理论,举实例介绍窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器具体步骤,通过仿真验证设计正确性。形象展示FIR数字滤波器滤波过程。加深对FIR数字滤波器设计方法和滤波器网络结构认知理解。通过仿真验证完成对输入信号加噪声信号的滤波,证明设计的正确性。