Intelligent Resources Management System Design in Information Centric Networking

Information centric networking(ICN) is a new network architecture that is centred on accessing content. It aims to solve some of the problems associated with IP networks, increasing content distribution capability and improving users' experience. To analyse the requests' patterns and fully utilize the universal cached contents, a novel intelligent resources management system is proposed, which enables effi cient cache resource allocation in real time, based on changing user demand patterns. The system is composed of two parts. The fi rst part is a fi ne-grain traffi c estimation algorithm called Temporal Poisson traffi c prediction(TP2) that aims at analysing the traffi c pattern(or aggregated user requests' demands) for different contents. The second part is a collaborative cache placement algorithm that is based on traffic estimated by TP2. The experimental results show that TP2 has better performance than other comparable traffi c prediction algorithms and the proposed intelligent system can increase the utilization of cache resources and improve the network capacity.

Evaluation of Traffic Network between Tourist Attractions Based on GIS in Tai’an City

Tai’an City is rich in tourism resources,and there are many A-class tourist attractions.Based on the functions and characteristics of geographic information system(GIS),as well as the spatial distribution characteristics and distribution structure of tourist attractions,the research methods of nearest-neighbor distance,connectivity,accessibility and closeness analysis are used to analyze road traffi c distribution between tourist attractions in Tai’an City.①The R value of the nearest-neighbor point is 0.27,which proves that tourist attractions in Tai’an City are in the state of clustering,and the spatial distance of tourist attractions in clustering area is small.②Theβindex andγindex of connectivity are 1.42 and 0.58,respectively,indicating that the traffi c network connectivity between tourist attractions is low,there is no dense traffi c network,and the optimal combination of tourism resources in tourist attractions is not high.③The accessibility index Ai is 37.68 km,indicating that the accessibility is low and the traffi c between tourist attractions is not perfect.The research results will provide the reference for scientifi c,systematic and objective comprehensive evaluation of existing A-class scenic areas and traffi c conditions in Tai’an City.

Networking Controller Based Real Time Traffic Prediction in Clustered Vehicular Adhoc Networks

The vehicular ad hoc network(VANET)is an emerging network tech-nology that has gained popularity because to its low cost,flexibility,and seamless services.Software defined networking(SDN)technology plays a critical role in network administration in the future generation of VANET withfifth generation(5G)networks.Regardless of the benefits of VANET,energy economy and traffic control are significant architectural challenges.Accurate and real-time trafficflow prediction(TFP)becomes critical for managing traffic effectively in the VANET.SDN controllers are a critical issue in VANET,which has garnered much interest in recent years.With this objective,this study develops the SDNTFP-C technique,a revolutionary SDN controller-based real-time trafficflow forecasting technique for clustered VANETs.The proposed SDNTFP-C technique combines the SDN controller’s scalability,flexibility,and adaptability with deep learning(DL)mod-els.Additionally,a novel arithmetic optimization-based clustering technique(AOCA)is developed to cluster automobiles in a VANET.The TFP procedure is then performed using a hybrid convolutional neural network model with atten-tion-based bidirectional long short-term memory(HCNN-ABLSTM).To optimise the performance of the HCNN-ABLSTM model,the dingo optimization techni-que was used to tune the hyperparameters(DOA).The experimental results ana-lysis reveals that the suggested method outperforms other current techniques on a variety of evaluation metrics.

Netrin-1 signaling pathway mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases

Netrin-1 and its receptors play crucial roles in inducing axonal growth and neuronal migration during neuronal development.Their profound impacts then extend into adulthood to encompass the maintenance of neuronal survival and synaptic function.Increasing amounts of evidence highlight several key points:(1)Diminished Netrin-1 levels exacerbate pathological progression in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease,and potentially,similar alterations occur in humans.(2)Genetic mutations of Netrin-1 receptors increase an individuals’susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders.(3)Therapeutic approaches targeting Netrin-1 and its receptors offer the benefits of enhancing memory and motor function.(4)Netrin-1 and its receptors show genetic and epigenetic alterations in a variety of cancers.These findings provide compelling evidence that Netrin-1 and its receptors are crucial targets in neurodegenerative diseases.Through a comprehensive review of Netrin-1 signaling pathways,our objective is to uncover potential therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative disorders.

C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值对2型糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者远期不良心脑血管事件的预测价值研究

背景急性心肌梗死(AMI)是威胁全球公众健康的主要原因之一。虽然已有相应的再灌注治疗策略,但AMI相关的主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCEs)仍然是全世界人口死亡的原因之一。尤其合并糖尿病的AMI患者,因冠状动脉病变复杂,病变程度严重,尽早发现和判断该部分患者远期预后相对困难,因此寻找相对简便、易获得的实验室指标,有利于为2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并AMI患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后MACCEs的预测提供依据。目的探讨血清C反应蛋白(CRP)/白蛋白(Alb)比值(CAR)对T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后远期MACCEs的预测价值。方法纳入2014—2019年就诊于宁夏医科大学总医院心血管内科1683例T2DM合并AMI患者为研究对象,收集患者的一般临床资料与检查结果。对所有患者进行电话或门诊随访,以全因死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、再发不稳定型心绞痛、非致死性脑卒中、新发心力衰竭或心力衰竭加重再入院、再次血运重建作为MACCEs。根据患者随访期间是否发生MACCEs分为MACCEs组(508例)和非MACCEs组(1175例)。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析探讨T2DM合并AMI患者MACCEs事件的影响因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者的生存曲线,生存曲线的比较采用Log-rank检验。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CAR对T2DM合并AMI患者远期发生MACCEs的预测效能,使用净重分类改善指标(NRI)和综合判别指数(IDI)评价CAR对T2DM合并AMI患者预后评估的改善效果。结果1683例患者中508例(30.18%)患者发生MACCEs。多因素Logistic回归分析显示高血压病[OR(95%CI)=1.994(1.142~3.483)]、冠状动脉植入支架长度[OR(95%CI)=1.031(1.002~1.062)]、CRP[OR(95%CI)=0.950(0.915~0.986)]、Alb[OR(95%CI)=0.933(0.880~0.989)]及CAR[OR(95%CI)=5.582(1.705~18.277)]是T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后发生MACCEs的影响因素(P<0.05)。根据CAR中位表达水平(0.86),将患者分为CAR<0.86组和CAR≥0.86组,Log-rank检验结果显示,CAR≥0.86组MACCEs发生率高于CAR<0.86组(52.68%与22.92%;χ^(2)=65.65,P<0.001)。ROC曲线显示CAR预测T2DM合并AMI患者发生MACCEs的ROC曲线下面积为0.728(95%CI=0.702~0.754),最佳截断值为0.576,灵敏度为0.617,特异度为0.747。在基线模型基础上,与CRP、Alb相比,CAR能明显改善对患者发生MACCEs的预测效果(NRI=0.377,IDI=0.166,C指数=0.690;P<0.05)。结论CAR是T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后远期MACCEs发生风险的有效预测指标。

Numerical Analysis of the Magnetic Dipole Effect on a Radiative Ferromagnetic Liquid Flowing over a Porous Stretched Sheet

The effects of a magnetic dipole on a nonlinear thermally radiative ferromagnetic liquidflowing over a stretched surface in the presence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are investigated.By means of a similarity transformation,ordinary differential equations are derived and solved afterwards using a numerical(the BVP4C)method.The impact of various parameters,namely the velocity,temperature,concentration,is presented graphically.It is shown that the nanoparticles properties,in conjunction with the magnetic dipole effect,can increase the thermal conductivity of the engineered nanofluid and,consequently,the heat transfer.Comparison with earlier studies indicates high accuracy and effectiveness of the numerical approach.An increase in the Brow-nian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter enhances the concentration and the related boundary layer.The skin-friction rises when the viscosity parameter is increased.A larger value of the ferromagnetic para-meter results in a higher skin-friction and,vice versa,in a smaller Nusselt number.

SR9009联合吲哚丙酸通过核因子κB信号通路减轻C2C12成肌细胞的炎症反应

背景:钟基因Rev-erbα参与调节炎症,但激活Rev-erbα会增加心脑血管疾病风险。为降低相关风险,探索Rev-erbα激动剂SR9009联合其他药物来减轻骨骼肌成肌细胞炎症,奠定治疗炎症相关性骨骼肌萎缩的理论基础。目的:探讨脂多糖刺激C2C12成肌细胞时吲哚丙酸、SR9009与核因子κB信号通路的关系。方法:①1μg/mL脂多糖刺激C2C12成肌细胞,RNA转录组测序结合KEGG通路富集分析信号通路。②CCK-8法检测C2C12成肌细胞活性,筛选吲哚丙酸的最佳给药浓度;然后将细胞分为空白对照组、脂多糖(1μg/mL)组、SR9009(10μmol/L)+脂多糖组、吲哚丙酸(80μmol/L)+脂多糖组、吲哚丙酸+SR9009+脂多糖组,ELISA检测细胞上清液中白细胞介素6水平,RT-qPCR检测白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、Toll样受体4、CD14 mRNA表达,Western blot检测NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达。③siRNA敲减Rev-erbα,RT-qPCR评估敲减效率,检测白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达。结果与结论:①与空白对照组比较,脂多糖时间依赖性抑制成肌细胞融合形成肌管,白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达水平升高,细胞上清液中白细胞介素6水平显著升高;KEGG通路分析支持脂多糖刺激激活核因子κB信号通路。②吲哚丙酸浓度>80μmol/L时抑制C2C12成肌细胞活性;吲哚丙酸和SR9009通过抑制核因子κB信号通路发挥抗炎作用,降低白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、Toll样受体4、CD14 mRNA表达水平,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65蛋白表达比值低于脂多糖组。SR9009联合吲哚丙酸显著降低脂多糖诱导的炎症,Toll样受体4、CD14、白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达水平进一步下调,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65蛋白表达比值显著低于吲哚丙酸+脂多糖组和SR9009+脂多糖组。③Rev-erbα随脂多糖刺激时间依赖性升高;siRNA敲减Rev-erbα效率达58%以上,成功敲减Rev-erbα后添加脂多糖,白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达较脂多糖组显著上调。④结果说明,Rev-erbα可以作为调节炎症反应的靶点,SR9009靶向激活Rev-erbα联合吲哚丙酸能抑制核因子κB信号通路显著减轻C2C12成肌细胞的炎症反应,联合抗炎效果优于单独干预。

Network Defense Decision-Making Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning and Dynamic Game Theory

Existing researches on cyber attackdefense analysis have typically adopted stochastic game theory to model the problem for solutions,but the assumption of complete rationality is used in modeling,ignoring the information opacity in practical attack and defense scenarios,and the model and method lack accuracy.To such problem,we investigate network defense policy methods under finite rationality constraints and propose network defense policy selection algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning.Based on graph theoretical methods,we transform the decision-making problem into a path optimization problem,and use a compression method based on service node to map the network state.On this basis,we improve the A3C algorithm and design the DefenseA3C defense policy selection algorithm with online learning capability.The experimental results show that the model and method proposed in this paper can stably converge to a better network state after training,which is faster and more stable than the original A3C algorithm.Compared with the existing typical approaches,Defense-A3C is verified its advancement.

VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterocatalyst with built-in electric field for efficient lithium-sulfur batteries:Remedies polysulfide shuttle and conversion kinetics

Lithium sulfur(Li-S)battery is a kind of burgeoning energy storage system with high energy density.However,the electrolyte-soluble intermediate lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)undergo notorious shuttle effect,which seriously hinders the commercialization of Li-S batteries.Herein,a unique VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure with local built-in electric field was rationally engineered from V_(2)C parent via a facile thermal selenization process.It exquisitely synergizes the strong affinity of V_(2)C with the effective electrocatalytic activity of VSe_(2).More importantly,the local built-in electric field at the heterointerface can sufficiently promote the electron/ion transport ability and eventually boost the conversion kinetics of sulfur species.The Li-S battery equipped with VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs-PP separator achieved an outstanding initial specific capacity of 1439.1 m A h g^(-1)with a high capacity retention of 73%after 100 cycles at0.1 C.More impressively,a wonderful capacity of 571.6 mA h g^(-1)was effectively maintained after 600cycles at 2 C with a capacity decay rate of 0.07%.Even under a sulfur loading of 4.8 mg cm^(-2),areal capacity still can be up to 5.6 m A h cm^(-2).In-situ Raman tests explicitly illustrate the effectiveness of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs modifier in restricting Li PSs shuttle.Combined with density functional theory calculations,the underlying mechanism of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure for remedying Li PSs shuttling and conversion kinetics was deciphered.The strategy of constructing VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterocatalyst in this work proposes a universal protocol to design metal selenide-based separator modifier for Li-S battery.Besides,it opens an efficient avenue for the separator engineering of Li-S batteries.

Correlation between cerebral neurotransmitters levels by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction is the main manifestation of central neuropathy.Although cognitive impairments tend to be overlooked in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM),there is a growing body of evidence linking DM to cognitive dysfunction.Hyperglycemia is closely related to neurological abnormalities,while often disregarded in clinical practice.Changes in cerebral neurotransmitter levels are associated with a variety of neurological abnormalities and may be closely related to blood glucose control in patients with type 2 DM(T2DM).AIM To evaluate the concentrations of cerebral neurotransmitters in T2DM patients exhibiting different hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels.METHODS A total of 130 T2DM patients were enrolled at the Department of Endocrinology of Shanghai East Hospital.The participants were divided into four groups according to their HbA1c levels using the interquartile method,namely Q1(<7.875%),Q2(7.875%-9.050%),Q3(9.050%-11.200%)and Q4(≥11.200%).Clinical data were collected and measured,including age,height,weight,neck/waist/hip circumferences,blood pressure,comorbidities,duration of DM,and biochemical indicators.Meanwhile,neurotransmitters in the left hippocampus and left brainstem area were detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.RESULTS The HbA1c level was significantly associated with urinary microalbumin(mALB),triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),and beta cell function(HOMA-β),N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr),and NAA/choline(NAA/Cho).Spearman correlation analysis showed that mALB,LDL-C,HOMA-IR and NAA/Cr in the left brainstem area were positively correlated with the level of HbA1c(P<0.05),whereas HOMA-βwas negatively correlated with the HbA1c level(P<0.05).Ordered multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NAA/Cho[Odds ratio(OR):1.608,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.004-2.578,P<0.05],LDL-C(OR:1.627,95%CI:1.119-2.370,P<0.05),and HOMA-IR(OR:1.107,95%CI:1.031-1.188,P<0.01)were independent predictors of poor glycemic control.CONCLUSION The cerebral neurotransmitter concentrations in the left brainstem area in patients with T2DM are closely related to glycemic control,which may be the basis for the changes in cognitive function in diabetic patients.

Evaluation of the Use of Long-Lasting Impregnated Mosquito Nets (LLINs) in the Health District of Dimbokro (Center of Côte d’Ivoire)

The Dimbokro health district has one of the highest incidences of malaria in Côte d’Ivoire, despite numerous campaigns to distribute Long-Acting Impregnated Mosquito Nets (LLINs). Given this observation, what are the population’s attitudes towards LLINs that could explain the high endemicity of malaria in Dimbokro? The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of people in the health area of Nofou, one of the villages in the Dimbokro health district where malaria is most prevalent, with a view to strengthening malaria control strategies. A collection of historical health data (malaria cases and LLIN usage rates) and a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out from July 20 to August 03, 2022 in 400 households selected by systematic random sampling. Data were entered using Epi Info 7 and multivariate statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 22 software. In the Dimbokro health district, the rate of LLIN use was negatively correlated (r = -0.771) with malaria incidence over the six years of historical data collection. Households had an average of 53% good knowledge, 68.6% good practices and 28.4% good attitudes towards LLINs. The study also revealed that the main factors explaining LLIN use in the Nofou health area are mosquito bite (ORa = 5.29 (1.12 - 25.04)), age of household members (ORa = 1.07 (1.01 - 1.14)) and marital status (ORa = 8.45 (1.70 - 45.02)). Awareness-raising on the use of LLINs should be intensified in the Dimbokro health district. Other control strategies, such as vector control and environmental sanitation, should be considered to combat malaria.

Transient elastography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is a health burden with consequent morbidity and mortality.Liver biopsy is the gold standard for evaluating fibrosis and assessing disease severity and prognostic purposes post-treatment.Noninvasive altern-atives for liver biopsy such as transient elastography(TE)and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DW-MRI)are critical needs.AIM To evaluate TE and DW-MRI as noninvasive tools for predicting liver fibrosis in children with CHC.METHODS This prospective cross-sectional study initially recruited 100 children with CHC virus infection.Sixty-four children completed the full set of investigations including liver stiffness measurement(LSM)using TE and measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)of the liver and spleen using DW-MRI.Liver biopsies were evaluated for fibrosis using Ishak scoring system.LSM and liver and spleen ADC were compared in different fibrosis stages and correlation analysis was performed with histopathological findings and other laboratory parameters.RESULTS Most patients had moderate fibrosis(73.5%)while 26.5%had mild fibrosis.None had severe fibrosis or cirrhosis.The majority(68.8%)had mild activity,while only 7.8%had moderate activity.Ishak scores had a significant direct correlation with LSM(P=0.008)and were negatively correlated with both liver and spleen ADC but with no statistical significance(P=0.086 and P=0.145,respectively).Similarly,histopatho-logical activity correlated significantly with LSM(P=0.002)but not with liver or spleen ADC(P=0.84 and 0.98 respectively).LSM and liver ADC were able to significantly discriminate F3 from lower fibrosis stages(area under the curve=0.700 and 0.747,respectively)with a better performance of liver ADC.CONCLUSION TE and liver ADC were helpful in predicting significant fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with a better performance of liver ADC.

基于ASP.NET的C语言练习系统的设计与实现

当前,网络技术迅速发展,在线系统的应用逐渐普及。然而,一些高校在C语言程序设计课后练习方面仍采用传统的人工出题和批改方式,效率较低。为了提高学生的学习效率并减轻教师的批改压力,文章开发了一款基于ASP.NET的C语言练习系统。该系统运用了HTML、Ajax等技术,并采用SQLServer数据库设计了在线练习系统网站。该系统的核心功能在于教师能够通过后台管理学生信息、编辑和添加题目、查看学生成绩及题目练习情况。经过严格的测试,该系统运行稳定,能显著提高学生的学习效率,减轻教师的批改压力。

lncRNA-TNFRSF13C调控miR-1246对牙周细胞低氧诱导因子1α的作用

背景:LncRNA-TNFRSF13C是B细胞发育和功能中的一个重要因子,在牙周炎患者牙周组织中高表达,但具体机制还不清楚。目的:探讨lncRNA-TNFRSF13C调控miR-1246对牙周细胞低氧诱导因子1α的作用机制。方法:人牙周膜细胞经过脂多糖处理后分为7组:A组(无转染的人牙周膜细胞株)、B组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C NC-siRNA)、C组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA)、D组(人牙周膜细胞株转染miR-1246 mimics)、E组(人牙周膜细胞株转染miR-1246 siRNA)、F组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 mimics)及G组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 siRNA)。采用qRT-PCR检测各组细胞lncRNA-TNFRSF13C、miR-1246相对表达;CCK-8检测细胞活性;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;免疫印迹检测细胞中低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白的表达;Pearson分析lncRNA-TNFRSF13C与miR-1246相关性,双荧光素酶分析靶向关系。结果与结论:①A、B两组人牙周膜细胞活性、凋亡率及蛋白指标比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05),与B组相比,C组细胞活性升高、凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白降低(P<0.05),与C组相比,D组细胞活性降低,凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白均升高(P<0.05),D组相比,E组细胞活性升高(P<0.05),F组细胞活性低于E组,E、F组细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05),与F组相比,G组细胞活性升高、凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白降低(P<0.05)。②lncRNA-TNFRSF13C与miR-1246呈现正相关(P<0.05)。③TNFRSF13C-siRNA组与TNFRSF13C-NC组在miR-1246-wt荧光活性降低(P<0.05);与miR-1246-NC组相比,miR-1246 mimics组低氧诱导因子1α-wt、血管内皮生长因子-wt荧光活性升高(P<0.05)。④结果说明,下调lncRNA-TNFRSF13C对脂多糖处理的牙周细胞具有促进活性、降低凋亡的作用,同时也可抑制低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的表达,其机制与调控miR-1246活性相关。

Repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced complement C1–related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis

Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus,leading to long-term cognitive impairment.However,the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains unknown.In this study,we established a male mouse model of repetitive traumatic brain injury and performed long-term evaluation of neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after repetitive traumatic brain injury.Our results showed that repetitive traumatic brain injury inhibited neural stem cell proliferation and development,delayed neuronal maturation,and reduced the complexity of neuronal dendrites and spines.Mice with repetitive traumatic brain injuryalso showed deficits in spatial memory retrieval.Moreover,following repetitive traumatic brain injury,neuroinflammation was enhanced in the neurogenesis microenvironment where C1q levels were increased,C1q binding protein levels were decreased,and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling was downregulated.An inhibitor of C1 reversed the long-term impairment of neurogenesis induced by repetitive traumatic brain injury and improved neurological function.These findings suggest that repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced C1-related inflammation impairs long-term neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and contributes to spatial memory retrieval dysfunction.

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)limits.However,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device performances.In this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK crystals.In addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain boundaries.Meanwhile,LiF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing recombination.As a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our knowledge.This validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Autophagy occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains unclear.In this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.We found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced autophagy.Furthermore,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RNA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating autophagy.Blocking autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Findings from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

基于C#.NET的智能化汽车衡称重管理系统

针对目前汽车衡称重数据管理效率低、智能化程度不高等缺点,设计了一种基于V isual Stud io C#.NET的汽车衡称重管理系统,介绍了系统的模块化构成,构建了称重、查询与统计、管理控制、系统维护等模块的设计方法,阐述了利用SerialPort类实现具有软件握手的CRC编码串口通信以及通过动态配置策略实现安全性管理的方法。实验结果及应用表明:该汽车衡称重管理系统界面友好、操作简单、数据传输稳定,智能化程度高。

MATLAB与Visual C#.NET混合编程

在分析MATLAB与Visual C#．NET通用性和优缺点的基础上，介绍了MATLAB和Visual C#．NET混合编程的设计思想和编程特点。接着具体给出了基于visual C#．NET开发应用程序调用MATLAB算法的实现方法，并重点结合实例闸述了运用COM组件技术混合编程的具体步骤和注意事项。

.NET Remoting及其在SCADA主站系统中的应用

阐述了新一代的分布式应用技术.NET Remoting的体系结构及其在分布式应用中的特点。以在SCADA主站系统中的应用为例,利用.NET Remoting技术代替传统的DCOM组件以实现软数据总线的功能,解决了Windows操作系统环境下一直存在的“DLL地狱”问题,提高了SCADA主站系统的灵活性和可扩展性。最后给出了用C#.NET实现的具体方法和步骤。