Effects of drought on non-structural carbohydrates and C,N,and P stoichiometric characteristics of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings

To study non-structural carbohydrate character-istics and nutrient utilization strategies of Pinus yunnanen-sis under continuous drought conditions,2-year-old seed-lings were planted in pots with appropriate water,light and moderate and severe drought treatments[(80±5),(65±5),(50±5),and(35±5)%of field water-holding capacity].Non-structural carbohydrates,carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)concentrations were measured in each plant component.The results show that:(1)With increasing drought,non-structural carbohydrates gradually increased in leaves,stems,and coarse roots,while gradually decreased in fine roots;(2)C concentrations of all were relatively stable under different stress levels.Phosphorous utilization of each component increased under light and moderate drought conditions,while N and P utilization efficiency of each plant component decreased under severe drought.Growth was mainly restricted by N,first decreasing and then increasing with increased drought;(3)There was a correlation between the levels of non-structural carbohydrates and C,N,and P in each component.Changes in N concentration affected the interconversion between soluble sugar and starch,which play a regulatory role in the fluctuation of the concentration of non-structural carbohydrates;and,(4)Plasticity analysis showed that P.yunnanensis seedlings responded to drought mainly by altering starch concentration,the ratio of soluble sugar to starch in leaves and stems,and further by alter-ing N and P utilization efficiencies.Overall,these results suggest that the physiological activities of all organs of P.yunnanensis seedlings are restricted under drought and that trade-offs exist between different physiological indicators and organs.Our findings are helpful in understanding non-structural carbohydrate and nutrient adaptation mechanisms under drought in P.yunnanensis seedlings.

All Fiber-optic Fluorescent Spectral Measurement and Analysis on Alga Chla/c Characteristics

The fluorescent principle used for measuring alga characteristic parameters and the optimum structure design of the instrument are discussed. The fluorescent spectrum of Chla/c and the time-resolved different spectrum ΔA(λ,t) are given. The research provides an effective method for considering the density and the classification of algae, which will be helpful to monitor sea pollution.

Geochemical Characteristics of C_5–C_7 Light Hydrocarbons in Gas Hydrates from the Permafrost Region of Qilian Mountains

As an important part of gas hydrates, light hydrocarbons （LHs）, especially C5 to C7 hydrocarbons with various monomer compounds, provide a wide variety of geological and geochemical information, which have received much attention from organic geochemists and petroleum geologists.

Polarization and structure dependent optical characteristics of the three-arm nanoantenna with C_(3v) symmetry and broken symmetry

The optical properties of a three-arm plasmonic nanoantenna with and without broken symmetry were analyzed in detail. For the symmetrical structure, the local electric field can be significantly enhanced and well confined within the feed gap, whilst the extinction spectrum illustrates polarization independence. With broken symmetry, multi-wavelength resonances are observed due to the single dipole resonance and dipole–dipole coupling effect, and wide tunability is also available through minor structural adjustment. Especially when illuminated by a circularly polarized light beam, the extinction and the electric field distribution can be effectively modulated by just varying the incident wavelength.

Characterization of( Nb,Ti,Mo) C Precipitates in an Ultrahigh Strength Martensitic Steel

A study on ultrahigh strength steel plate subjected to novel thermo-mechanical control process was presented. The mechanical properties examination showed that the investigated steel exhibited excellent combination of ultra-high strength（ 2 200 MPa） and toughness（ 26 J）. The microstructure of the experimental steel was observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Desired martensitic lath with width of about 180- 250 nm was obtained. Nanostructured carbide precipitates with sizes of 20-50 nm,which contained Nb,Ti and Mo,were observed in the lath martensitic microstructure,and confirmed to be MC-type carbides with B1 structure by means of selected area electron diffraction.The compositional characteristics revealed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer mapping implied that the carbide forming elements Nb,Ti and Mo distributed in the precipitates evenly. Three-dimensional atom probe tomography reconstruction further indicated that Mo incorporated into the precipitates without enrichment in the carbide-matrix interface and probably substituted for Nb and Ti to form the（ Nb,Ti,Mo） C carbides.

Self-assembled patches in PtSi/n-Si(111)diodes

Using the effect of the temperature on the capacitance–voltage（C–V）and conductance–voltage（G/ω–V）characteristics of PtSi/n-Si（111）Schottky diodes the profile of apparent doping concentrationthe potential difference between the Fermi energy level and the bottom of the conduction bandapparent barrier heightseries resistanceand the interface state density Nss have been investigated.From the temperature dependence of（C–V）it was found that these parameters are non-uniformly changed with increasing temperature in a wide temperature range of 79–360 K.The voltage and temperature dependences of apparent carrier distribution we attributed to the existence of self-assembled patches similar the quantum wells,which formed due to the process of Pt Si formation on semiconductor and the presence of hexagonal voids of Si（111）.

Microstructure and phase transformation behavior of Mo–MoSi_2 gradient material

Mo-MoSi2gradient coating on Mo substrate was prepared by siliconizing process,using the polysilicon as silicon atoms.The gradient layer was analyzed by the experimental results,theoretical analysis,and thermodynamic calculation.The silicon,molybdenum content of gradient coating shows a gradual change regulation.The reaction between silicon and molybdenum is most likely to generate Mo5Si3,then MoSi2,finally Mo3Si,but when the silicon content is excessive,the Mo5Si3and Mo3Si will react with silicon and generate MoSi2.The gradient layer is mainly constituted by Si and MoSi2,only about 1/10 gradient layer is constituted by Mo5Si3and Mo3Si,and the stable existences of Mo5Si3and Mo3Si are mainly determined by the silicon content.Along the Mo substrate to the surface of the coating,the phase composition of gradient coating changes as follows:Mo → transition layer,Mo（main phase） + Mo3Si + Mo5Si3→intermediate layer,and MoSi2（main phase） + Mo5Si3+Si→surface layer MoSi2（main phase） + Si,and the experimental temperature has no effect on phase composition of gradient coating.