Decomposition of Different Organic Materials and Variation of Active Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Contents in Tobacco-planted Soil

The oilseed cake, vetch, rapeseed straw, wheat straw and corn straw were buried in tobacco-planted soil. The decomposition rates, the variation of active organic C and N contents in the residues and the relationship between active organic C and N contents and decomposition rate were investigated. The results showed the decomposition rates of different organic materials were all high in the early period and then low in the late period. Among the organic materials, the decomposition rates ranked as oilseed cake 〉 vetch 〉 wheat straw and rapeseed straw 〉 corn straw. The decomposition rate was positively related to total N content （P〈0.01）, but was negatively related to the active organic C/N ratio （P〈0.01）. However, there was no significant relationship between decomposition ratio and active organic C content. With the proceeding of decomposition, the active organic C content and the total N content in rapeseed straw, vetch, wheat straw and corn straw all trended to increase, but the active organic C/N ratio trended to decrease. However, the variation of active organic C content, total N content and active organic C/N ratio in oilseed cake was on the contrary.

SiC纳米线对大气等离子喷涂硅涂层性能的影响

为提升C/SiC复合材料表面Si涂层的韧性及其与C/SiC复合材料的结合强度,首先以10 mm×10 mm×10 mm的C/SiC复合材料作为基体,在基体表面生成约20μm厚的SiC纳米线(SiCnws)多孔层;再用大气等离子体喷涂法分别将生长SiCnws的基体和未生长SiCnws的基体喷涂约30、60、90μm厚的Si涂层。研究SiCnws对涂层试样的结合强度和抗氧化性的影响,并借助XRD、SEM、TEM和EDS对所制备的SiCnws和SiCnws/Si涂层进行物相组成、显微结构的分析。结果表明:1)制备的SiCnws形状平直,表面光滑,取向随机,直径为100~200 nm,是沿[111]晶向择优生长的β-SiC;2)SiCnws引入到Si涂层后,SiCnws/Si涂层试样的结合强度均比相应的Si涂层试样的高,说明SiCnws增强了Si涂层与C/SiC复合材料的结合;3)从室温至1400℃经历12次热震循环后,SiCnws/Si涂层试样的质量损失率比相应Si涂层试样的低20.7%~37.2%,说明SiCnws能有效缓解热应力,抑制裂纹的形成和扩展,降低裂纹尺寸和数量,提高涂层的抗氧化性。

C/SiC复合材料数据库及机器学习性能预测平台的设计与开发

以MySQL Workbench 8.0为数据库平台,采用三层浏览器/服务器架构,利用PyCharm 2022开发了一套基于Web界面和机器学习技术的C/SiC复合材料数据库系统,该系统包括材料数据库和机器学习模型2部分,具有对材料组分结构、制备工艺、试验性能等材料研发各阶段的信息查询、添加、修改、删除、搜索以及支持信息管理、设计分析视图、案例推理辅助设计、用户与系统管理等功能。基于神经网络回归算法训练机器学习模型,利用材料微观结构参数预测材料力学性能,对不同微观结构参数的影响权重进行评价,并部署在系统平台中;通过Web用户界面调用机器学习模型,对预留的验证集数据进行拉伸模量和弯曲模量预测。结果表明:机器学习模型预测材料力学性能的精度达到95%左右,训练出来的预测模型具有良好的精度与泛化能力。

基于C++SuperMix库的SIS混频器的研究

基于C++SuperMix软件库对680 GHz接收机中的双槽双超导隧道结(SIS)混频器进行深入模拟研究.在环境温度为4.2 K、本地振荡器(LO)频率为680 GHz、本振功率为100 nW、中频频率中心为10 GHz和中频匹配阻抗为50Ω的条件下,采用二次谐波的谐波平衡法,在0~500 K热噪声源温度下对SIS混频器的输出噪声温度进行建模仿真研究.计算得出:当偏置电压在2~3 mV变化时,SIS混频器的输出噪声温度均小于50 K,表明所研究的SIS混频器具有较好的噪声性能.

Fe-C-Mn-Si-Al双相钢两相区加热过程中的奥氏体相变行为研究

采用Dictra软件模拟与实验验证相结合,研究了不同加热条件下铁素体+渗碳体向奥氏体的相变过程,重点分析了渗碳体溶解规律及其对奥氏体相变动力学的影响规律,借助场发射电子探针对不同加热路径下的铁素体及马氏体组织形貌及元素分布进行观测,使用透射电镜对渗碳体和残余奥氏体进行了表征。结果表明,慢速加热至740℃长时间等温与加热至780℃较短时间等温对比发现,虽然渗碳体刚溶解完全时的奥氏体分数相差不大,但在渗碳体溶解的过程中,奥氏体相变的方式不尽相同。在慢速加热条件下,铁素体晶界处为奥氏体优先形核地点;快速加热条件下,由于形核驱动力提高,铁素体晶粒内部的渗碳体处同样可以形核。740℃等温结合快速加热,获得了马氏体与残余奥氏体的“壳-核”组织结构。

2.5D C/SiC复合材料超声振动辅助铣削数值模拟研究

为了揭示2.5D C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在铣削加工过程中的去除机理及表面损伤特性,开展了其传统铣削和超声振动辅助铣削实验,建立了两类铣削工况下的三维数值模型。结果表明,相对于传统铣削,超声振动辅助铣削在其高频的交变载荷下,降低材料的微切削厚度,减小材料的变形挠度从而使径向和切向的切削力分别都降低了68%、72%;可有效改善2.5D C/SiC复合材料加工表面损伤,如倾斜断裂面、粗糙断裂面;其加工表面残余压应力明显大于传统铣削;经过实验验证,所建立的数值模型可以有效地模拟材料去除过程和0°、90°纤维的断裂形貌;为2.5D C/SiC复合材料的高效低损伤加工提供了理论依据和指导。

Experimental Investigation of the Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of C/SiC Composite Thin Slab

Fiber-reinforced composites possess anisotropic mechanical and heat transfer properties due to their anisotropic fibers and structure distribution.In C/Si C composites,the out-of-plane thermal conductivity has mainly been studied,whereas the in-plane thermal conductivity has received less attention due to their limited thickness.

改性C/SiC-ZrC复合材料热化学烧蚀仿真研究

基于C/SiC复合材料基体改性制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料,是满足高超音速飞行器对热防护系统材料所需更高要求的有效途径。基于热化学平衡理论构建了C/SiC-ZrC复合材料的烧蚀模型,选取文献中相同制备方式下两组不同体积分数的C/SiC-ZrC复合材料,并利用MATLAB计算出两组材料的无量纲烧蚀率,然后在COMSOL多物理场分析软件中建立数值仿真,将仿真结果与文献实验结果进行对比,误差分别为8.7%~16.9%和1.05%~11.07%,验证了模型的有效性。

Synthesis of LiMnPO_4/C composite material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method

The LiMnPO4/C composite material was synthesized via a sol-gel method based on the citric acid. The X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical performance tests were adopted to characterize the properties of LiMnPO4/C. The XRD studies show that the pure olivine phase LiMnPO4 can be obtained at a low temperature of 500 °C. The SEM analyses illustrate that the citric acid used as the chelating reagent and carbon source can restrain the particle size of LiMnPO4/C well. The LiMnPO4/C sample synthesized at 500 °C for 10 h performs the highest initial discharge capacity of 122.6 mA-h/g, retaining 112.4 mA-h/g over 30 cycles at 0.05C rate. The citric acid based sol-gel method is favor to obtain the high electrochemical performance of LiMnPO4/C.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multiscale SiC_p Hybrid Reinforced 6061 Aluminum Matrix Composites

The performance of solid solution aging treatment on aluminum matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy and reinforced with 6061 aluminum alloy powder as matrix;meanwhile, nano silicon carbide particles(nm Si Cp), submicron silicon carbide particles(1 μm Si Cp) and Ti particles were studied. The Al/Si Cp composite powder was prepared by high-energy ball milling, and then cold-pressed, sintered, hotextruded, and then heat-treated with different solution temperatures and aging times for the extruded composites. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and extrusion testing were used to analyze and test the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites. The results show that after the multi-stage solid solution at 530 ℃×2 h+535 ℃×2 h+540 ℃×2 h, the particles are mainly equiaxed grains and uniformly distributed. There is no reinforcement agglomeration, and the surface is dense and the insoluble phase is basically dissolved. In the matrix, the strengthening effect is good, and the hardness and compressive strength are 179.43 HV and 680.42 MPa, respectively. Under this solution process, when the aluminum matrix composites are aged at 170 ℃ for 10 h, the hardness and compressive strength can reach their peaks and increase to 195.82 HV and 721.48 MPa, respectively.

Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其性能

从电池性能的角度出发,合理设计电池负极材料是必要的,为此提出Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及电化学性能分析研究。准备实验材料和仪器后,分别按照Si:石墨为1:9、2:8、3:7和4:6的比例准备混合料,按照料液比1:4加入无水乙醇作为球磨介质,在球磨机中进行球磨处理,干燥后得到Si含量分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的复合材料;按照质量比为90:5:2:3的比例活性物质(Si/C复合材料)、导电剂碳黑、分散剂乙二醇和粘结剂PVDF配置浆料,涂抹于锂箔表面,经热压成型机对极片进行压实处理,得到Si/C复合锂离子电池负极。在采用电池测试系统在100 mA/g下对硅含量分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的复合材料电极电化学性质进行测试,得出结论Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的放电容量受硅含量影响明显,并且不存在直接的线性相关关系;硅含量也会影响Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的库伦效率,过高或高低都会导致库伦效率下降。

基于Si4432无线模块的移动C臂机无线遥控器的设计与应用

为了提升医疗影像设备的操作便利性和精准性,设计基于Si4432无线模块的移动C臂机无线遥控器,具有遥控曝光功能,能够有效提高操作便捷性、提升无线通信的稳定性和可靠性。该设计的硬件包括系统模块、无线模块、继电器模块以及电源模块。核心部件为Si4432无线模块,具有高度集成、低功耗、高灵敏度和抗干扰能力强的特点。设计能够实现室内环境有墙间隔的可靠遥控,无线遥控装置单独测试中响应成功率达到95%,安装至C臂机后的测试中响应成功率达100%,具有良好的应用效果,能够满足使用需求。

Silicon/flake graphite/carbon anode materials prepared with different dispersants by spray-drying method for lithium ion batteries

Silicon/flake graphite/carbon （Si/FG/C） composites were synthesized with different dispersants via spray drying and subsequent pyrolysis, and effects of dispersants on the characteristics of the composites were investigated. The structure and properties of the composites were determined by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical measurements. The results show that samples have silicon/flake graphite/amorphous carbon composite structure, good spherical appearances, and better electrochemical performance than pure nano-Si and FG/C composites. Compared with the Si/FG/C composite using washing powder as dispersant, the Si/FG/C composite using sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） as dispersant has better electrochemical performance with a reversible capacity of 602.68 mA·h/g, and a capacity retention ratio of 91.58 % after 20 cycles.

2.5D C/SiC复合材料铣削材料去除的实验研究

为了探究2.5D C/SiC复合材料铣削加工的材料去除特性,分别选用端铣刀和鱼鳞铣刀对2.5D C/SiC复合材料开展普通铣削和超声振动辅助铣削实验。分析了四种铣削工况下切削力、切削温度的变化规律,研究了0°、90°和z向针刺纤维的去除特性。结果表明,相比于传统端铣刀和普通铣削,鱼鳞铣刀和超声振动辅助铣削分别可以显著地降低切削力和切削温度。超声振动辅助铣削可以使纤维的整体去除变为破碎去除,减小表面缺陷。鱼鳞铣刀和超声振动辅助铣削的组合工艺方式可以较大程度地降低表面缺陷、切削力和切削温度,提高工件表面质量,为2.5D C/SiC复合材料低损伤铣削提供了可行性。

C/SiC复合材料单颗磨粒切削有限元仿真及磨削实验分析

为了探究C/SiC复合材料的去除机制,建立了三维C/SiC复合材料单颗磨粒微观切削有限元模型。借助Abaqus有限元分析软件,使用BrittlecCracking模型、Johnson-Holmquist 2模型和内聚力模型分别被用来模拟碳纤维,SiC陶瓷及界面层的材料属性,并以此建立三相微观切削模型来分析不同切削速度和切削深度下的材料加工变形规律和切削力变化趋势。同时参考C/SiC复合材料锥形电镀金刚石工具加工表面形貌实验进行辅助分析。结果表明:C/SiC复合材料的切削过程主要表现为碳纤维的脆性去除;随着切削速度的增加,界面层的破坏程度减少且切削力降低;随着切削深度增加,切削力增加且界面层损伤程度增大。这些结果为进一步了解碳纤维复合材料切削时的材料去除机理提供了一定的借鉴意义。

Road Layout Cuts Volume Evaluation by Electrical Resistivity Tomography: Case Study of Gagnoa-Gueyo-Bamenadou Road Project

A study of excavated material on the Gagnoa-Guéyo-Bamenadou road project in southwest Côte d’Ivoire was carried out using electrical resistivity tomography with a dipole-dipole configuration. This study aimed to determine the nature and volume of the studied cuts. Based on the cumulative distances of the longitudinal sections of the road alignment superimposed on the tomographic profiles, a cumulative volume of 104681 m3 of material was determined. This volume comprises 88557 m3 of soft cuts and 16,124 m3 of rocky cuts, which can be reused in specific embankment zones. This work may, therefore be useful in the characterization of cuts in a preliminary design study, in order to anticipate changes during the road’s development and asphalting.

CVI-RMI联用法制备高性能C/(C-SiC)陶瓷基刹车材料

采用化学气相渗透-反应熔体渗透(CVI-RMI)联用法制备C/(C-SiC)陶瓷基复合材料,并对材料的微观结构和力学性能、热学性能、摩擦磨损性能进行研究。结果表明:CVI化学气相渗透最佳C/C多孔坯体密度为1.40~1.55 g/cm^(3),RMI熔融渗硅最佳温度为1650℃,制备的C/(C-SiC)复合材料密度2.10 g/cm^(3)。本方法制备的C/(C-SiC)复合材料力学性能优于采用前驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)法制备的复合材料,且导热性能优异,满足高温环境使用要求。研究发现C/(C-SiC)复合材料的摩擦系数适中,力矩曲线平稳,湿态下摩擦性能无衰减,静摩擦系数高满足低速刹车要求,且磨损量小。

微量Co^(2+)-Si^(4+)取代对多晶石榴石铁氧体材料旋矩磁性能的影响

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了多晶石榴石铁氧体,研究了微量Co^(2+)-Si^(4+)联合取代对GdCaSnV-YIG、GdCaZrV-YIG、GdCaInV-YIG和GdAl-YIG材料旋矩磁性能的影响。结果表明,Co^(2+)-Si^(4+)联合取代GdAl-YIG可使其矫顽力显著增高,而Co^(2+)-Si^(4+)取代GdCaSnV-YIG、GdCaZrV-YIG和GdCaInV-YIG,可调节其矫顽力和剩磁比。当Co^(2+)-Si^(4+)取代量为0.015时得到GdCaSnV-YIG的矫顽力为0.17 Oe,取代量为0.025时得到GdCaZrV-YIG的矫顽力为0.23 Oe,取代量大于等于0.035时三者的剩磁比均能达到0.79或以上。

CoSnO_(3)/C nanocubes with oxygen vacancy as high-capacity cathode materials for rechargeable aluminum batteries

Rechargeable aluminum batteries(RABs)are attractive cadidates for next-generation energy storage and conversion,due to the low cost and high safety of Al resources,and high capacity of metal Al based on the three-electrons reaction mechanism.However,the development of RABs is greatly limited,because of the lack of advanced cathode materials,and their complicated and unclear reaction mechanisms.Exploring the novel nanostructured transition metal and carbon composites is an effective route for obtaining ideal cathode materials.In this work,we synthesize porous CoSnO_(3)/C nanocubes with oxygen vacancies for utilizing as cathodes in RABs for the first time.The intrinsic structure stability of the mixed metal cations and carbon coating can improve the cycling performance of cathodes by regulating the internal strains of the electrodes during volume expansion.The nanocubes with porous structures contribute to fast mass transportation which improves the rate capability.In addition to this,abundant oxygen vacancies promote the adsorption affinity of cathodes,which improves storage capacity.As a result,the CoSnO_(3)/C cathodes display an excellent reversible capacity of 292.1 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 A g^(-1),a good rate performance with 109 mAh g^(-1) that is maintained even at 1 A g^(-1) and the provided stable cycling behavior for 500 cycles.Besides,a mechanism of intercalation of Al^(3+)within CoSnO_(3)/C cathode is proposed for the electrochemical process.Overall,this work provides a step toward the development of advanced cathode materials for RABs by engineering novel nanostructured mixed transition-metal oxides with carbon composite and proposes novel insights into chemistry for RABs.

Synthesis of porous nano/micro structured LiFePO_4/C cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries by spray-drying method

In order to enhance electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 （LFP） cathode materials, spherical porous nano/micro structured LFP/C cathode materials were synthesized by spray drying, followed by calcination. The results show that the spherical precursors with the sizes of 0.5-5 μm can be completely converted to LFP/C when the calcination temperature is higher than 500 ℃. The LFP/C microspheres obtained at calcination temperature of 700 ℃ are composed of numerous particles with sizes of -20 nm, and have well-developed interconnected pore structure and large specific surface area of 28.77 mE/g. The specific discharge capacities of the LFP/C obtained at 700 ℃ are 162.43, 154.35 and 144.03 mA.h/g at 0.5C, 1C and 2C, respectively. Meanwhile, the capacity retentions can reach up to 100% after 50 cycles. The improved electrochemical properties of the materials are ascribed to a small Li＋ diffusion resistance and special structure of LFP/C microspheres.