The Y-cut X propagating LiNbO3 crystals were implanted with a fluence of 5×10^13-5×10^14 C ions/cm^2 at energies from 100 to 200keV,respectively,The implanted LiNbO3 Crystals were analyzed using Rutherford b...The Y-cut X propagating LiNbO3 crystals were implanted with a fluence of 5×10^13-5×10^14 C ions/cm^2 at energies from 100 to 200keV,respectively,The implanted LiNbO3 Crystals were analyzed using Rutherford backscattering/Channeling technique,The result shows that:(1)the damage rages are systematically higher than the projected ranges calculated from TRIM(Transport of Ions in Matter) simulation,and the damage widths are significantly broader than TRIM values;(2) the total disorder induced by carbon ion in LiNbO3 is not linearly increased with the implanted fluence.展开更多
Induced pluripotent stem （iPS） cells were originally generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced expression of Yamanaka factors （Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc）. The technique was quickly re- produced with human f...Induced pluripotent stem （iPS） cells were originally generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced expression of Yamanaka factors （Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc）. The technique was quickly re- produced with human fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells. Although having been showed therapeutic po- tential in animal models of sickle ceil anemia and Parkinson＇s disease, iPS cells generated by viral methods do not suit all the clinical applications. Various non-viral methods have appeared in recent years for application of iPS cells in cell transplantation therapy. These methods mainly include DNA vector-based approaches, transfection of mRNA, and transduction of reprogramming proteins. This review summarized these non-viral methods and compare the advantages, disadvantages, efficiency, and safety of these methods.展开更多
文摘The Y-cut X propagating LiNbO3 crystals were implanted with a fluence of 5×10^13-5×10^14 C ions/cm^2 at energies from 100 to 200keV,respectively,The implanted LiNbO3 Crystals were analyzed using Rutherford backscattering/Channeling technique,The result shows that:(1)the damage rages are systematically higher than the projected ranges calculated from TRIM(Transport of Ions in Matter) simulation,and the damage widths are significantly broader than TRIM values;(2) the total disorder induced by carbon ion in LiNbO3 is not linearly increased with the implanted fluence.
文摘Induced pluripotent stem （iPS） cells were originally generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced expression of Yamanaka factors （Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc）. The technique was quickly re- produced with human fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells. Although having been showed therapeutic po- tential in animal models of sickle ceil anemia and Parkinson＇s disease, iPS cells generated by viral methods do not suit all the clinical applications. Various non-viral methods have appeared in recent years for application of iPS cells in cell transplantation therapy. These methods mainly include DNA vector-based approaches, transfection of mRNA, and transduction of reprogramming proteins. This review summarized these non-viral methods and compare the advantages, disadvantages, efficiency, and safety of these methods.
