复合树脂填入技术对高C因素窝洞修复的影响

目的：评价3种复合树脂填入技术对高C因素窝洞修复后牙釉质和牙本质／牙骨质洞壁边缘微渗漏的影响。设置的无效假设是三种树脂填入技术间没有差异。材料和方法：在30颗离体无龋第三磨牙的颊面和舌面预备标准V类洞．随机分为3组：①采用斜分层放置技术；②采用水平分层放置技术：③采用整块放置技术（一次放置）。窝洞的修复采用单瓶粘接剂（Single Bond．3M ESPE）和微混合填料复合树脂（Z100，3M ESPE）。修复体周围2mm以外的牙面用指甲油覆盖．热循环处理（每5℃／55℃各30s．循环1000次）。样本浸入50％（重量比）的硝酸银溶液中24h．然后置于照片洗印液中8h．微渗漏评价依次分为0～4A。[牙合]面和龈方的微渗漏结果采用Wilcoxon和Kruskal—Wallis非参数检验进行统计分析。结果：接受无效假设。水平分层技术．斜分层技术和不分层技术三者间牙釉质和牙本质洞缘微渗漏评分的差异无统计学意义。结论：对于高C因素的窝洞修复，无论是分层填入技术还是整块填入技术，都不能消除边缘微渗漏。

E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism and risk of non-cardia gastric cancer in a Chinese population

AIM: To test the hypothesis that E-cadherin gene (CDH1)C-160A promoter variant genotype is associated with an increased risk for developing gastric cancer.METHODS: In this population-based case-control study of gastric cancer in Jiangsu Province, China, we performed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to genotype the C-160A polymorphism of CDH1 promoter in 206 non-cardia gastriccancer patients and 261 age- and sex-matched but unrelated cancer-free controls.RESULTS: The frequencies of genotypes CC, CA and AA were 57.8%, 36.4% and 5.8% in gasfric cancer cases,respectively, and 58.2%, 34.9% and 6.9% in controls respectively. The distributions of CDH1 genotypes were not significantly different between gastric cancer cases and controls (P = 0.87 for genotype frequency and P = 0.92for allele frequency). Compared with the CC genotype, the CA and AA genotypes were not associated with an increased risk for non-cardia gastric cancer (adjusted odds ratios (OR)= 1.15, and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.78-1.72for CA genotype, and OR = 0.90 and 95% CI = 0.42-2.01for AA genotype).CONCLUSION: E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism may not play a major role in the etiology of non-cardia gastric cancer in Chinese population.

Genesis of Qujiashan manganese deposit, Shaanxi Province: constraints from geological, geochemical, and carbon and oxygen isotopic evidences

The Qujiashan manganese deposit is located in the Longmen-Daba fold belt along the northern margin of the Yangtze Block. The layered ore bodies are distributed within the purple-red calcareous shale. Qujiashan is a high-grade w(MnO)=8.92% to 18.76%) manganese deposit with low-phosphorus w(P2O5)=0.08% to 0.16%) content. It also has a low total REEs contents(with an average of 101.3×10-6), and has inconspicuous Ce(0.81 to 1.29) and Eu(1.00 to 1.25) anomalies. lg(Ce/Ce*) values are from-0.02 to 0.11. The ores have high SiO2/Al2O3 and Al/(Al + Fe + Mn) ratios. In figures of Fe–Mn–[(Ni+Cu+Co)×10] and lgU–lgTh, all samples show that hydrothermal exhalative fluids played an important role during mineralisation. The δ13CPDB and δ18OSMOW values of eight ore samples are from-20.7‰ to-8.2‰(with an average of-12.4‰) and from 14.3‰ to 18.7‰(with an average of 17.0‰), respectively. These carbon and oxygen isotopic features indicate that hydrothermal fluids derived from deep earth are participation in the metallogenic process, which is also supported by high paleo-seawater temperatures varying from 47.08 to 73.98 °C. Therefore, the geological and geochemical evidences show that the Qujiashan deposit formed from submarine exhalative hydrothermal sedimentation.

The inter-annual variability of the Yellow Sea Warm Current surface axis and its influencing factors

Based on the Pathfinder sea surface temperature(PFSST),the surface axis and its pattern of the Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC) are discussed.A structure of double-warm-tongue is found in February and it varies in different years.Two indexes are calculated to represent the westward shift(WSI) and northward extension(NEI) of the warm water in the Yellow Sea(YS).Wavelet analysis illustrates that the WSI and NEI have prominent periods of 3-6 years and 3-4 years,respectively.The Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) decomposition is applied to the winter wind stress curl and the Kuroshio Current(KC) transport,which are believed to play important roles in forcing the variability of the YSWC surface axis.Statistics shows that the WSI is significantly related with the second EOF mode of the wind stress curl in February,which may force the YSWC surface axis moving westward and maintaining the double warm tongues because of its opposite curl in the YSWC domain.The first EOF mode of wind stress curl in January is propitious for inducing the warm tongue in the YS to advance more northward.Hence,the wind stress curls both in January and in February could force variations of the YSWC surface axis;however,the effect of the January wind stress curl is relatively weaker than that of the February.The relationship between the NEI and the KC transport is remarkable,and it seems that the stronger KC supplies more power to push the YSWC northward against the southward wind.

Oxidative modification of caspase-9 facilitates its activation via disulfide-mediated interaction with Apaf-1

Intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） are known to regulate apoptosis. Activation of caspase-9, the initial caspase in the mitochondrial apoptotic cascade, is closely associated with ROS, but it is unclear whether ROS regulate caspase-9 via direct oxidative modification. The present study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ROS mediate caspase-9 activation. Our results show that the cellular oxidative state facilitates caspase-9 activation. Hydrogen peroxide treatment causes the activation of caspase-9 and apoptosis, and promotes an interac- tion between easpase-9 and apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 （Apaf-1） via disulfide formation. In addition, in an in vitro mitochondria-free system, the thiol-oxidant diamide promotes auto-cleavage of caspase-9 and the caspase-9/ Apaf-1 interaction by facilitating the formation of disulfide-linked complexes. Finally, a point mutation at C403 of caspase-9 impairs both H2O2-promoted caspase-9 activation and interaction with Apaf-1 through the abolition of disulfide formation. The association between cytochrome c and the C403S mutant is significantly weaker than that between cytochrome c and wild-type caspase-9, indicating that oxidative modification of caspase-9 contributes to apoptosome formation under oxidative stress. Taken together, oxidative modification of caspase-9 by ROS can medi- ate its interaction with Apaf-1, and can thus promote its auto-cleavage and activation. This mechanism may facilitate apoptosome formation and caspase-9 activation under oxidative stress.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Triuncina daii(Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) and its phylogenetic implications

The bombycid moth, Triuncina daii Xing Wang ＆ Zolotuhin, 2015, plays an important role for analyzing the phylogenetic relationships of the family Bombycidae （Lepidoptera： Bombycoidea）. Here we first describe the complete mitochondrial genome （mitogenome） of T. daii, which includes thirteen protein-coding genes （PCGs）, twenty-two transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and an A＋T-rich region, and we find the mitogenome is 15,482 bp in length （GenBank no. KY091643）. The genes order and orientation in the T. daii mitogenome are similar to other sequenced lepidopteran species. Except for cox1, all of the PCGs started with ATN. Twelve PCGs stopped at TAA except for cox1 which stops at a single T. Thirteen PCGs of available species are used to demonstrate the inner phylogenetic relationships of Bombycoidea. The bombycid species form a monophyletic clade with a bootstrap value of 100% and a posterior probability of 1.00.

C-peptide and Diabetic Encephalopathy

With the changes of life style, diabetes and its complications have become a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is reasonable to anticipate a continued rise in the incidence of diabetes and its complications along with the aging of the population, increase in adult obesity rate, and other risk factors. Diabetic en- cephalopathy is one of the severe microvascular complications of diabetes, characterized by impaired cogni- tive functions, and electrophysiological, neurochemical, and structural abnormalities. It may involve direct neuronal damage caused by intracellular glucose. However, the pathogenesis of this disease is complex and its diagnosis is not very clear. Previous researches have suggested that chronic metabolic alterations, vascular changes, and neuronal apoptosis may play important roles in neuronai loss and damaged cognitive functions. Multiple factors are responsible for neuronal apoptosis, such as disturbed insulin growth factor （IGF） system, hyperglycemia, and the aging process. Recent data suggest that insulin/C-peptide deficiency may exert a primary and key effect in diabetic encephalopathy. Administration of C-peptide partially improves the condition of the IGF system in the brain and prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of diabetic patients. Those findings provide a basis for application of C-peptide as a potentially effective therapy for diabetes and diabetic encephalopathy.

The correlation and relationship of obesity and cancer: a possible research perspective

Recently, obesity is a well-recognized risk factor of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. There is more and more sufficient evidence that excess body weight is an avoidable cause of excess cancers including gastrointestinal, endometrial, esophageal adenocarcinoma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, prostate, and renal cancers. The mechanism that obesity association with cancer is remains not well understood. There be some most studied hypothesized mechanisms such as, high levels of insulin and free levels of insulin-like growth factors （IGFs）, sex hormones, adipocytokines, intlammatory cytokines, c-Myc （or Myc） oncogenic transcription factor, obesity-induced hypoxia and Warburg effect, and so on. In the future, the potential mechanisms and conclusions in obesity associated with increased risk for developing cancer, and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms will be studied.

Induction of Rat Prolactinoma by β－Estradiol and Its Relation to Expression of c－myc Oncogene

Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with silastic capsules containing β-estradiol. After 60 days, their pituitary weights, serum prolactin contentsand transcription level of c-myc proto-oncogene were found increasedsignificantly. It was also found that the anterior pituitary cells proliferatedsignificantly, but their differentiation was suppressed.

The Cytochrome b Polymorphism of Meat Lines Rabbits

The cytochrome b mtDNA was analysed from peripheral whole blood samples of meat lines rabbits. The PCR product--692 bp long fragment of Oryctolagus cuniculus_cytochrome b （0CU07566 GenBank, NCB1, USA） was amplified. Synthetically produced oligonucleotides for the detection ofcyt b were designed by own algorithm： ORYCTO-cyt b-FOR 5＇- CTA TCA GCA ATC CCA TAT ATC -3＇ and ORYCTO-cyt b-REV 5＇- CTT CAT TTG AGG ATT TTG TT -3＇. Based on AluI-RFLP were described two cytochrome b haplotypes--cyt b 430 and cyt b 306. Haplotype cyt b 430 is 571A （190Threonine-T） ＋ 877G （292Alanine-A）. The new haplotype cyt b 306 is presented A571G nucleotide substitution, i.e, 571G （190Alanine-A） ＋ 877G （292Alanine-A）.

Altered expression of mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents by mitochondrial cDNA array analysis

Objective： To explore the mechanism of native Tibetan fetuses adaptation to hypoxia, we tried to find the different expression genes about mitochondrial function in the native Tibetan placents. Methods： In this study, the placents of native Tibetan and the high-altitude Hart （ha-Hart） were collected. After the total RNA extraction, the finally synthesized cDNAs were hybridized to mitochondrial array to find the altered expression genes between them. Then, the cytochrome c oxidase 17 （Coxl7）, dynactin 2 （DCTN2, also known as p50）, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor （VEGFR, also known as KDR） were chosen from the altered expression genes to further verify the array results using the SYBR Green real-time PCR. Because the altered expression genes （such as Cybb and Cox 17） in the array results related to the activities of COXI and COXIV, the placental mitochondria activities of COXI and COXIV were measured to find their changes in the hypoxia. Results： By a standard of≥1.5 or ≤0.67, there were 24 different expressed genes between the native Tibetan and the ha-Han placents, including 3 up-regulated genes and 21 down-regulated genes. These genes were related to energy metabolism, signal transduction, cell proliferation, electron transport, cell adhesion, nucleotide-excision repair. The array results of Cox17, DCTN2 and KDR were further verified by the real-time RT-PCR. Through the mitochondria respiration measurements, the activity of COXI in the native Tibetan placents were higher than that of ha-Han, there was no difference in COXIV activity between them. Conclusion： The altered mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents may have a role in the high altitude adaptation for fetuses through changing the activity of mitochondrial COX.

Haplotypic Variation of Chrysoperla externa （Hagen） （Neuroptera： Chrysopidae） in Different Geographic Locations

Chrysoperla externa is found in environment, their populations may experience several Brazilian agroecosystems and feeds on many agricultural pests. In each different environmental pressures that can favor the emergence of genetic mutations and interfere in insect＇s ecological plasticity. Such genetic phenomena can be observed through the use of molecular markers, in particular mitochondrial genes, which are easy to handle and extract. The aim of this work was to study haplotype diversity of Chrysoperla externa in the cities of Jaboticabal （SP）, Brotas （SP）, Rifaina （SP）, Sao Carlos （SP）, Sao Jose dos Campos （SP） and Sao Sebastiao do Paraiso （MG）, and evaluate the degree of genetic differentiation between these populations. Two mitochondrial genes were sequenced to compare these populations. It was found that there were eight haplotypes, six mutations for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 （COl） gene and a greater haplotype diversity was found in Brotas and Sao Sebastiao do Paraiso. There were four mutations and six haplotypes for 16S gene and the highest haplotype diversity was found in the city of San Sebastiao do Paraiso. No pattern of haplotype distribution for the populations analyzed was found. The genetic distance between populations of C. externa was not significant, showing that they are genetically compatible.

大块充填术和分层充填术对树脂黏结强度的影响

目的目前临床上对如何快速高效地修复高C因素窝洞仍无定论,文中旨在研究大块充填术和分层充填术在充填此类窝洞时对树脂黏结强度的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2016年3月于南京市口腔医院口腔颌面外科就诊的40例患者,共收集因阻生拔除的第三磨牙42颗,随机选取其中36颗牙齿制备标准I类洞,按窝洞充填方式不同随机分为2组(n=18):大块充填组(一次性充填固化)和分层充填组(以2 mm为一层,分两层充填固化)。大块充填组按充填材料不同再分为3个亚组(n=6):SF大块亚组为Sonic Fill系统超声一次性充填;SDR大块亚组为Sure Fil SDR Flow系统注射头一次性注射充填;Z350大块亚组为传统复合树脂Filtek Z350一次性堆积充填,3组均光固化20s。分层充填组按充填材料不同随机分为3个亚组(n=6):SF分层亚组材料为Sonic Fill,SDR分层亚组材料为Sure Fil SDR Flow,Z350分层亚组为传统复合树脂Filtek Z350;均采用分层充填技术,分2层充填固化,每层2 mm,每次光固化20 s。随后进行微拉伸强度测试和断裂模式观察。余下6颗离体磨牙进行电子显微镜观察黏结界面形态。结果采用Fitek Z350充填时,分层充填组微拉伸强度较大块填充组增大,显著提升树脂-牙本质之间的黏结力强度[(25.43±5.71)MPa vs(0±0)MPa,P<0.05]。大块充填组Sonic Fill、Sure SDR flow微拉伸强度[(28.02±6.98)、(26.60±7.13)MPa]较Fitek Z350[(0±0)MPa]显著提高(P<0.05)。复合树脂内断裂模式在各亚组出现的频次差异有统计学意义,SDR大块亚组中出现的频次最多(P<0.05),其次是SDR分层亚组(P<0.05)。Z350大块亚组的标本在预备过程中断裂,树脂-牙本质黏结界面完全分离。其余各亚组电镜下表现基本一致,大部分区域树脂-牙本质黏结紧密,仅在局部可见不同程度的混合层瓦解断裂。结论传统复合树脂不适用于大块充填术,大块充填树脂在分层充填或大块充填的应用中均可取得理想的黏结效果。

弯道模式下FSAE赛车后轮随动转向特性研究

通过理论分析建立后轮瞬态随动转向系统数学模型,分析得出摆臂旋转角度及摆臂与车身连接衬套刚度是影响随动转向的主要因素;为验证理论模型的正确性,用ADAMS软件建立包含后轮随动转向特性的FSAE整车模型,后轮随动悬架模型设计为扭力梁悬架,衬套刚度通过动静刚度试验机获取,柔性扭转梁通过ABAQUS输出模态中性文件获取;反向车轮激振仿真表明:左右车轮中心可以获取随动转向位移,与理论数模模型对比,误差仅为1.7%;整车弯道仿真表明:车辆入弯时为过渡转向,出弯时为不足转向,整车兼顾平顺与操稳性;扭力梁安装位置C值变动时,随着C值的增加,不足转向特性趋势减小,整车稳定性便能变差;衬套安装角度θ增加时不足转向特性趋势减小,整车稳定性能提升。

交易评价对消费者购买行为影响的实证研究——基于对女性大学生群体在线购买化妆品的调查

21世纪以来,电子商务在我国呈现出良好的发展态势.而交易评价对消费者购买行为的影响也是不容小觑的,电子商务卖家如何通过控制交易评价来适应网购需求,从而占领网购市场对其未来发展至关重要.本文从评价字数、评价中肯程度、评价有效性、评价时效性、产品价位等方面选取若干变量作为影响因素展开分析,最终有针对性地提出促进消费者网购的建议与优化策略.

Phyllanthus emblica Linn.fruit extract potentiates the anticancer efficacy of mitomycin C and cisplatin and reduces their genotoxicity to normal cells in vitro

Objective： Fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. （PE） is widely consumed as a functional food and used as a folk medicine due to its remarkable nutritional and pharmacological effects. Mitomycin C （MMC） and cisplatin （cDDP） are the most widely used forms of chemotherapeutic drug, but their clinical use is limited by their genotoxicity to normal cells. We aimed to determine whether PE has potential to reduce the genotoxicity, while improving the anticancer effect, of MMC and cDDP. Methods： Cell proliferation was evaluated using the trypan blue exclusion assay and colony-forming assay. Genomic instability （GIN） was measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucieus assay. Results： Co-treatment （72 h） with PE at 20-320 μg/ml significantly enhanced the efficacy of MMC （0.05 μg/ml） and cDDP （1 μg/ml） against Colo205 colorectal cancer cells （P〈0.05）, and at 80-320 μg/ml significantly decreased MMC- and cDDP-induced GIN and multinucleation in normal colonic NCM460 cells （P〈0.05）. PE significantly decreased the mitotic index （P〈0.01）, blocked mitotic progression （P〈0.05）, and promoted apoptosis （P〈0.01） in MMC- and cDDP-treated NCM460 cells, suggesting that PE-mediated inhibition of mitosis and induction of apoptosis may limit the division and survival of highly damaged cells. Also, PE was found to inhibit the clonal expansion of MMC- and cDDP-treated NCM460 cells （P〈0.05） and decrease the heterogeneity of the surviving clones. Conclusions： PE potentiates the anticancer efficacy of MMC and cDDP, while preventing their genotoxicity and inhibiting clonal expansions of unstable genomes in normal cells. These data suggest that PE has the potential to reduce the risk of secondary cancers induced by chemotherapeutics.

Prospective evaluation of intestinal decompression in treatment of acute bowel obstruction from Crohn’s disease

Background:Conservative therapy for Crohn’s disease(CD)-related acute bowel obstruction is essential to avoid emergent surgery.The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using a long intestinal decompression tube(LT)in treatment of CD with acute intestinal obstruction.Methods:This is a prospective observational study.Comparative analysis was performed in CD patients treated with LT(the LT group)and nasogastric tube(the GT group).The primary outcome was the avoidance of emergent surgery.Additionally,predictive factors for failure of decompression and subsequent surgery were investigated.Results:There were 27 and 42 CD patients treated with LT and GT,respectively,in emergent situations.Twelve(44.4%)patients using LT were managed conservatively without laparotomy,while only nine(21.4%)patients in the GT group were spared from emergent surgery(P<0.05).Both in surgery-free and in surgery patients,the time to alleviation of symptoms was significantly shorter in the LT groups than in the GT groups(both P<0.01).C-reactive protein decrease after intubation and 48-hour drainage volume>500mL were predictors of unavoidable surgery(both P<0.05).The rate of temporary stoma and incidence of incision infection in the LT surgery group were significantly lower than those in the GT group(both P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in the frequency of medical and surgical recurrences between the LT and GT groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions:Endoscopic placement of LT could improve the emergent status in CD patients with acute bowel obstruction.The drainage output and changes in C-reactive protein after intubation could serve as practical predictive indices for subsequent surgery.Compared to traditional GT decompression,LT decompression was associated with fewer short-term complications and did not appear to affect long-term recurrence.

Relations of transcription expression of IL-2 with nuclear factor of activated T cells as well as changes of C-Fos and C-Jun after trauma

Objective: To observe the relations among expression of interleukin 2 (IL 2) in spleen lymphocytes, DNA binding activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and expression of the partly family members C Fos, C Jun after trauma. Methods: A murine closed trauma model was used, animals were sacrificed 6, 12 hours and 1, 4, 7, 10, 14 days, respectively after injury. Spleen lymphocytes were isolated from injured mice and stimulated with concanavalin A. The culture supernatants were harvested and assayed for IL 2 activity. Total RNA was extracted from spleen lymphocytes and assayed for IL 2 mRNA. Nuclear protein was extracted, and the DNA binding activity of NFAT was measured using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), the expressions of C Fos, C Jun protein determined by Western blot analysis. Results: The expressions of IL 2 activity and IL 2 mRNA in spleen lymphocytes were decreased in injured mice compared with those in control mice, and the most obvious decrease appeared on the 4th day after injury. The DNA binding activity of NFAT decreased gradually and reached the minimum that was only 41% of the control on the 4th day after injury, which was closely associated with the decline of IL 2 activity and IL 2 mRNA. An decrease in the expression of C Fos on the 1st and 4th day after injury, trauma had no significant effect on the C Jun expression. Conclusions: These results suggest that the inhibition of IL 2 expression is partly due to the impairment in the activation of NFAT in injured mice; and the decline in the DNA binding activity of NFAT is partly due to trauma block in the C Fos expression.

Mithramycin inhibits intimal hyperplasia of vein grafts after transplantation of the jugular vein to the abdomainal aorta in rats

Objective: The intimal hyperplasia caused by migration and proliferation of the smooth muscle cells play a most important role in the stenosis of the vein grafts. This study is to explore how the C myc oncogene and its protein contribute to the intimal hyperplasia after the jugular vein is transplanted to the abdominal aorta and to assess the effect of Mithramycin on the intimal hyperplasia. Methods: In 60 Wistar rats, a 0.8 cm segment of the right jugular vein graft was interposed at the level of the abdominal aorta. The experiment group received Mithramycin (150 μg/kg IP) 1 h before and after the operation. The control group received normal saline, specimens of vein graft at 2 and 6 h postoperatively were subjected respectively to in situ hybridization. The vein grafts 4 weeks after operation were perfusion fixed. The specimens were stained with hemotoxylin eosin and the computer morphologic analysis system was used to evaluate the degree of intimal thickening. Immunohistochemistry studies of muscle specific α actin, C myc protein and 5 Bromodeoxyuridine were performed. Results: The areas of neointimal and the ratios of neointimal to medial area were significantly smaller and lower in the Mithramycin treated than in the control rats (P< 0.05 ). The 5 Brdu labeling rate between the two groups were also different significantly (P< 0.05 ). Muscle specific α actin showed that the smooth muscle cells formed the most area of myointimal hyperplasia. Steady state C myc mRNA level was increased from 2 h to 6 h postoperatively. The positive rate of the placebo treated group was higher significantly than that of the Mithramycin treated group (P< 0.05 ). Conclusions: Mithramycin may effectively inhibits transcription of C myc in proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells and could be useful in the prevention of restenosis after vascularization. These results support the hypothesis that systemic administration of Mithramycin might immediately prevent intimal proliferation.

Enhanced porphyrin-based fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic/photothermal synergistic cancer therapy by mitochondrial targeting

Mitochondria are the power plants of the cell and play key roles in activating the apoptotic pathway in cancer cells,which are readily susceptible to cytotoxic reactive oxygen species and temperature elevations.Herein,we develop a"nanomissile"that targets mitochondria to enhance tumor treatment effects by facilitating mitochondrial dysfunction and releasing cytochrome C to activate the apoptotic pathway of cancer cells under 650-nm laser irradiation.Porphyringrafted polydopamine nanomaterial(PTPF-MitP)is designed as a nanomissile,with integrated O;-evolving photodynamic therapy and moderate photothermal therapy,which can selectively deliver to the mitochondria through a targeting unit,MitP.The cytotoxicity of PTPF-MitP to human lung tumor cells is twice as high as that of PTPF that does not have mitochondrial targeting units.In addition,it represents a realtime visualization and highly efficient treatment for tumor sites in vivo.This development represents a viable strategy for cancer therapy.