Cr元素掺杂对Fe-C-Mn-Al系轻质钢的影响研究进展

Fe-C-Mn-Al系轻质钢具有良好的耐腐蚀性、低密度和优异的综合力学性能,在钢中添加合金元素会显著影响相变热力学与动力学,进一步影响并决定组织形貌的演化过程.添加Cr元素会对Fe-C-Mn-Al系轻质钢微观组织产生显著作用,重点对添加不同含量的Cr元素后,对κ-碳化物、β-Mn和DO_(3)等相生长、晶粒尺寸变化及晶界角度的改变,促进Al_(2)O_(3)及含Cr氧化物的生成,以及提高Fe-C-Mn-Al系轻质钢抗拉强度、耐腐蚀性和抗氧化性等性能的情况进行分析.并归纳总结了Cr元素的加入及不同含量的Cr元素给Fe-C-Mn-Al系轻质钢带来的优势,同时对当前的发展趋势进行展望.

Fe-0.2C-7Mn中锰钢的单道次热压缩变形行为及热加工图

采用Gleeble-3500型热模拟试验机对Fe-0.2C-7Mn中锰钢进行单道次等温压缩试验,研究了该钢在不同变形温度(950~1150℃)和应变速率(0.001~1 s^(-1))下的热变形行为,通过计算应变速率敏感指数、功率耗散效率以及失稳参数建立该钢的热加工图,并获得最佳的热加工工艺窗口。结果表明:随着应变速率的增加和变形温度的降低,该钢的流变应力增大;高变形温度和低应变速率有利于动态再结晶的发生,动态再结晶程度的差异会对应变速率敏感指数产生很大的影响;不同真应变下的失稳区均出现在高温高应变速率区域,并且基本与功率耗散图中的低功率耗散效率区域重合。试验钢的最佳热加工工艺窗口为变形温度975~1100℃、应变速率0.006~1 s^(-1)。

Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢在双道次热压缩变形期间的静态再结晶行为

通过Gleeble-3500型热/力模拟试验机对Fe-0.1C-5Mn钢进行双道次热压缩试验,研究了变形温度(850,900,950,1000℃)、道次间隔时间(1,5,10,20,50,100 s)、应变速率(0.01,0.1,1 s^(-1))对该钢在热变形期间静态再结晶行为的影响,并基于应力、应变数据,绘制功率耗散效率图。结果表明:提高变形温度、延长道次间隔时间、增加应变速率有助于试验钢在双道次热压缩变形期间发生静态再结晶,其静态再结晶激活能为210 k J·mol^(-1);试验钢的稳定变形区分布于短道次间隔时间(1,10 s)的高应变速率区域(0.2~1 s^(-1)),以及长道次间隔时间(100 s)的低温低应变速率区域(850~925℃/0.01~0.2 s^(-1))。

Influence of rare earth Ce on hot deformation behavior of as-cast Mn18Cr18N high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

The hot deformation behavior of Mn18Cr18N and Mn18Cr18N+Ce high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels at 1173-1473 K and 0.01-1 s^(-1) were investigated by thermal compression tests.The influence mechanism of Ce on the hot deformation behavior was analyzed by Ce-containing inclusions and segregation of Ce.The results show that after the addition of Ce,large,angular,hard,and brittle inclusions(TiN-Al_(2)O_(3),TiN,and Al_(2)O_(3)) can be modified to fine and dispersed Ce-containing inclusions(Ce-Al-O-S and TiN-Ce-Al-O-S).During the solidification,Ce-containing inclusions can be used as heterogeneous nucleation particles to refine as-cast grains.During the hot deformation,Ce-containing inclusions can pin dislocation movement and grain boundary migration,induce dynamic recrystallization(DRX)nucleation,and avoid the formation and propagation of micro cracks and gaps.In addition,during the solidification,Ce atoms enrich at the front of solid-li-quid interface,resulting in composition supercooling and refining the secondary dendrites.Similarly,during the hot deformation,Ce atoms tend to segregate at the boundaries of DRX grains,inhibiting the growth of grains.Under the synergistic effect of Ce-containing inclusions and Ce segregation,although the hot deformation resistance and hot deformation activation energy are improved,DRX is more likely to occur and the size of DRX grains is significantly refined,and the problem of hot deformation cracking can be alleviated.Finally,the microhardness of the samples was measured.The results show that compared with as-cast samples,the microhardness of hot-deformed samples increases signific-antly,and with the increase of DRX degree,the microhardness decreases continuously.In addition,Ce can affect the microhardness of Mn18Cr18N steel by affecting as-cast and hot deformation microstructures.

Hot deformation behavior of Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C lightweight steel

Hot compression tests were performed to investigate the hot deformation behavior of Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C lightweight steel and optimize the hot workability parameters. The temperature range was 900–1150℃ and the strain rate range was 0.01–5 s^(-1)on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator machine. The results showed that the flow stress increased with decreasing deformation temperature and increasing strain rate. According to the constitutive equation, the activation energy of hot deformation was 422.88 kJ·mol^(-1). The relationship between the critical stress and peak stress of the tested steel was established, and a dynamic recrystallization kinetic model was thus obtained. Based on this model, the effects of strain rate and deformation temperature on the volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized grains were explored. The microstructural examination and processing map results revealed that the tested steel exhibited a good hot workability at deformation temperatures of 1010–1100℃ and strain rate of 0.01 s^(-1).

Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢热变形行为研究

通过Gleeble-3500热机械模拟机研究了Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢在950~1150℃变形温度、0.001~1 s^(-1)应变速率下的高温变形行为。根据单道次热压缩的真应力-真应变曲线,分析了变形条件对流变应力的影响,发现高温和低应变速率有利于动态再结晶的发生。引入Zener-Hollomon参数,建立本构方程,得到钢的热变形激活能为256.317 kJ/mol。通过对试验数据的拟合,建立了中锰钢动态回复和动态再结晶的分段流变应力模型,结果表明:模型预测值与试验值吻合较好,证明了所建模型的可靠性。

Cellular automaton simulation of peritectic solidification of a C-Mn steel

A cellular automaton model has been developed to simulate the microstructure evolution of a C-Mn steel during the peritectic solidification. In the model, the thermodynamics and solute diffusion of multi-component systems were taken into account by using Thermo-Calc and Dictra software package. Scheil model was used to predict the relationship between the solid fraction and the temperature, which was used to calculate the movement velocity of the L/δ and the L/γ interfaces. A mixed-mode model in multi-component systems was adopted to calculate the movement velocity of the δ/γ interface. To validate the cellular automaton model, the variation of manganese distribution was studied. The simulated results showed a good agreement with experimental results reported in literatures. Meanwhile, the simulated growth kinetics of peritectic solidification agreed well with the experimental results obtained using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The model can simulate the growth kinetics of the peritectic solidification and the distribution of concentrations of all components in grains.

Hot ductility behavior of a Fe-0.3C-9Mn-2Al medium Mn steel

The hot ductility of a Fe-0.3C-9Mn-2Al medium Mn steel was investigated using a Gleeble3800 thermo-mechanical simulator.Hot tensile tests were conducted at different temperatures(600-1300℃)under a constant strain rate of 4×10^(−3)s^(−1).The fracture behavior and mechanism of hot ductility evolution were discussed.Results showed that the hot ductility decreased as the temperature was decreased from 1000℃.The reduction of area(RA)decreased rapidly in the specimens tested below 700℃,whereas that in the specimen tested at 650℃was lower than 65%.Mixed brittle-ductile fracture feature is reflected by the coexistence of cleavage step,intergranular facet,and dimple at the surface.The fracture belonged to ductile failure in the specimens tested between 720-1000℃.Large and deep dimples could delay crack propagation.The change in average width of the dimples was in positive proportion with the change in RA.The wide austenite-ferrite intercritical temperature range was crucial for the hot ductility of medium Mn steel.The formation of ferrite film on austenite grain boundaries led to strain concentration.Yield point elongation occurred at the austenite-ferrite intercritical temperature range during the hot tensile test.

钢液真空处理过程中Mn挥发动力学研究

Mn作为提高钢材强度的主要元素之一,在钢液真空处理过程中的挥发会对钢材成分及质量控制产生不利影响,因此,明确钢液中Mn的挥发机理,并据此精确调控钢液中Mn含量,对于保证钢材质量显得尤为重要。本研究针对X80管线钢的真空精炼处理过程,分析了气相压强和熔炼温度对钢液中Mn挥发行为的影响。结果表明:随着熔炼温度的升高和气相压强的降低,钢液中Mn挥发速率明显加快;在熔炼温度1903 K、气相压强19 Pa、处理时间40 min条件下,Mn挥发率高达92.26%。在熔炼温度1823~1973 K、气相压强19~670 Pa条件下,Mn挥发遵循一级反应规律,其表观挥发速率常数在(0.41~26.56)×10^(-5)m/s范围内;在气相压强19~670 Pa、熔炼温度1903 K的条件下,Mn挥发主要受气相传质的限制;在气相压强226 Pa、熔炼温度1823~1973 K的条件下,Mn挥发的表观活化能达到120.20 kJ/mol,限制性环节为气-液界面反应;本研究条件下,液相传质对Mn挥发速率的影响较小。

LPG船用C-Mn低温钢板标准分析

液化石油气船又被称为LPG船,其主要职能为运输成分为丙烷、丁烷、丙烯和丁烯等的石油碳氢化合物或混合气。因其运输的货物具有特殊性,故对造船材料提出了特殊要求。基于此,针对C-Mn低温钢国内外研究现状、性能和产品特点展开了详细论述,以满足LPG船用需求,保证LPG船的制造质量。

0.22C-0.45Mn钢低温奥氏体晶粒长大行为的研究

对0.22C-0.45Mn钢进行淬火工艺实验,研究加热温度、保温时间对奥氏体晶粒平均直径的影响,探究0.22C-0.45Mn钢在加热温度(870~990℃)和保温时间(15~120 min)范围内的低温奥氏体晶粒长大行为;基于Beck,Hillert和Sellars模型分别建立奥氏体晶粒平均直径的数学模型,预测0.22C-0.45Mn钢的奥氏体晶粒直径。结果表明:随加热温度的升高,0.22C-0.45Mn钢奥氏体晶粒直径近似呈指数形式增长,长大速率加快;随保温时间的延长,奥氏体晶粒增长速率减缓;3种晶粒模型中,Sellars模型的拟合精度最高,能较好地预测0.22C-0.45Mn钢奥氏体晶粒直径,可为实际生产中旋扩后的0.22C-0.45Mn钢低温热处理工艺提供参考依据。

Effect of water quenching processing parameters on the mechanical properties of a cold-rolled C-Mn-containing steel sheet

Cold-rolled advanced high-strength steel sheets have become the material of choice for the automotive industry because of their unique attributes of high strength and balanced mechanical properties.High-hydrogen gas jet cooling and water quenching are the most commonly used ultrafast cooling technologies for producing martensite-containing high-strength steel sheets.The water quenching technology ensures the fastest industrial cooling rate of 1 000 K/s;therefore,it has the highest potential with respect to saving alloys.In this study,the water quenching of a C-Mn-containing steel sheet is simulated during continuous annealing to investigate the effect of water quenching and tempering parameters on its mechanical properties.The results reveal that at low quenching temperatures,the strength of the steel sheet decreases as the soaking temperature increases.However,at high quenching temperatures,a high soaking temperature corresponds to increased strength after quenching,regardless of whether the material was austenitized in the single austenite zone or the inter-critical zone.Therefore,a high quenching temperature always results in a high strength and a high yield ratio after quenching.Low-temperature overaging(tempering) considerably influences the yield strength and yield ratio,and the extent of this influence is correlated with the soaking temperature.

腐蚀大数据技术背景下Mn含量对新型高强度免涂装3Ni结构钢腐蚀性能影响研究

针对目前3Ni钢强度不高、在滨海环境中耐蚀性不足的问题,通过提高3Ni钢中Mn含量,研究Mn元素对3Ni钢强韧性及其在高温、高湿、高盐海洋大气环境耐蚀性的影响和机制。通过力学性能测试和室内周浸试验,使用慢应变速率拉伸实验评价了Mn元素对新型免涂装3Ni结构钢力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响。利用腐蚀大数据技术,并结合机器学习方法快速评价了新型免涂装3Ni结构钢在有无应力状态下的腐蚀规律及其差异。结果表明,提高Mn含量,能在一定程度上提高3Ni钢的强度,但会使钢的低温冲击韧性变差。同时Mn元素升高不利于3Ni钢耐均匀腐蚀性能,腐蚀速率随着Mn含量的升高而增大,但Mn含量的升高并不改变新型免涂装3Ni结构钢的腐蚀形式,不同Mn含量的3Ni钢在滨海大气模拟液中均表现为不全面的均匀腐蚀特征。与此同时,腐蚀大数据技术能快速有效甄别在模拟滨海区域大气环境有无应力以及Mn元素含量对新型免涂装3Ni钢腐蚀造成的影响。无应力的新型免涂装3Ni结构钢在模拟环境的平均瞬时电流值随Mn元素含量的增高而增高,而有应力的新型免涂装3Ni结构钢平均瞬时电流值随着Mn元素含量的增高而降低。

Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢动态力学性能研究

以Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢为研究对象,研究其动态力学性能和材料本构模型的适用性。对材料进行应变速率为0.001s^(-1)、1s^(-1)、10s^(-1)、100s^(-1)、500s^(-1)和1000s^(-1)的拉伸试验,获取材料在不同应变速率下的关键参数和变化规律。分别采用Johnson-Cook(J-C)与Swift-Hockett/Sherby(SHS)两种模型方程对测试材料的塑性流动应力进行拟合。结果表明:随着测试应变速率的升高,Fe-0.1C-5Mn中锰钢材料的强度及塑性升高;与J-C简化模型拟合曲线相比,SHS模型拟合曲线更贴近试验曲线。选用SHS模型拟合曲线对0.001s^(-1)、100s^(-1)和1000s^(-1)拉伸试验进行仿真模拟,发现依托SHS模型模拟仿真获得的工程应力-应变曲线与试验曲线具有较高的一致性,证明了SHS模型的准确性和可靠性。

Computer Simulating Calculation on the Microstructure Evolutions during Hot Strip Rolling of C-Mn Steels

The program to predict the microstructure evolutions during hot strip rolling of C-M n steels has been developed in this paper, BV using this program, the microstructure changes with the processing parameters were analysed in detail. showing not only a good agreement of prediction with the measured values, but also entirely possibility to optimize hot strip rolling precess by computer simulation

核电容器用Mn-Ni-Mo钢大锻件的热处理

Mn-Ni-Mo钢具有良好的焊接性能、较好的强韧性和抗中子辐照脆化性能,常用于制作压水堆核电容器用大锻件。但Mn-Ni-Mo钢的淬透性中等,先进核电容器用Mn-Ni-Mo钢大锻件难以通过常规热处理获得所需要的高性能。2000年以来,上海电气上重铸锻有限公司(简称上重)联合上海交通大学在材料特性、热处理工艺和淬火装置等方面进行了试验研究,结果显著提升了核电容器用Mn-Ni-Mo钢大锻件的热处理技术水平,上重制造的核电容器用大锻件性能达到了国际先进水平。

普通C-Mn钢超细晶中厚板的带状组织

采用Gleeble2000热模拟试验机研究了普通C-Mn钢的再结晶规律,在实验室轧机上进行了C-Mn钢超细晶中板的轧制,并且在首钢中厚板厂工业轧机上进行了超细晶中厚板的工业试制,研究了工艺条件对中厚板带状组织的影响,分析了带状组织产生的机理.研究结果表明,在靠近静态相变温度Ara附近的未再结晶区进行大变形量轧制(形变诱导相变),不仅可以使板材的铁素体晶粒细化甚至获得超细晶组织,而且普通C-Mn钢中厚板中的带状组织减轻1～2级;降低精轧开轧温度有利于减轻板材的带状组织;在未再结晶区控轧有利于减轻板材的带状组织;随着未再结晶区形变量增加,板材的带状组织减弱.

C-Mn钢热变形行为及其流变应力模型的研究

本文利用Ｔｈｅｒｍｅｃｍａｓｔｅｒ－Ｚ热／力模拟装置，通过单道次模拟压缩实验，计算了Ｃ－Ｍｎ钢的热变形激活能；并通过流变应力的宏观变化，分析了由于热／力学行为的演变而引起的如动态回复、动态再结晶物理冶金现象及其本质变化规律，并建立了一系列完整的Ｃ－Ｍｎ钢流变应力模型．

C-Mn钢热轧带奥氏体再结晶晶粒尺寸的预测

在研究板带控轧控冷过程中钢中显微组织演变过程奥氏体再结晶、碳氮化合物析出、奥氏体相变和组织性能对应关系的物理冶金模型的基础上 ,通过Gleeble 15 0 0热模拟机和计算机模拟计算得出成分(% ) 0 16C ,0 0 6Si,1 30Mn钢在 1173～ 10 81K经 7道次热变形后奥氏体晶粒尺寸为 4 3μm ,同时实测 7道次变形后轧钢组织中奥氏体尺寸为 38μm ,相对误差 13%。计算机模拟计算的奥氏体再结晶晶粒尺寸与实测结果吻合较好。

回火对铌微合金化C-Mn钢的组织及性能影响

研究了低碳低合金铌微合金化钢经轧制快速冷却后回火过程中组织与力学性能的变化。结果表明,低碳低合金铌微合金化钢回火时弥散强化随钢中Nb含量的升高而增强。当钢中Nb含量高于0.042%时,抗拉强度及屈服强度在600℃回火2 h达到峰值。含0.023%Nb的钢在550℃回火时的抗拉强度达到最高值,而屈服强度在550℃和650℃回火时出现双峰值。低于600℃回火,全部试验钢中观察到回火贝氏体,700℃回火时,回火贝氏体消失,形成平衡组织。