In this study, the experiments on field were conducted to examine the change in the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), its C-13 stable isotope composition (δ 13C) and some main physical, chemical parameters (soil ...In this study, the experiments on field were conducted to examine the change in the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), its C-13 stable isotope composition (δ 13C) and some main physical, chemical parameters (soil moisture, pH, soil density, content of humic, fulvic, total N, total P, total K) in alluvial soil of Dan Phuong region—Vietnam at a depth of 0 - 30 cm when we changed the regime from 2 maize -1 rice crop to 2 rice - 1 maize crop per 1 year. In addition to analyzing the main parameters in soil, C content and its δ 13C value in parts of rice and maize (root, stem and leaf) were also analyzed to assess the contribution of plant residues on soil organic carbon content after harvest. The experiment was carried out in 2016-2017 on the field with the traditional farming method of local farmers along with the tropical monsoon weather conditions of the North-Vietnam. The results showed that SOC had positive correlation with total N, total P parameters and negative correlation with δ 13C values of soil samples at two layers (0 - 15 cm and 15 - 30 cm). The average of total dry biomass (stem, stump + roots and leaf parts) per 1 rice and 1 maize crop was 10.64 Mg/ha and 9.09 Mg/ha, respectively. The average of δ 13C value of rice (C3 plant) was -29.78‰ and its value of maize (C4 plant) was -12.61‰. The new plant (rice) contributes to the total soil organic carbon content from 11.31% to 44.14% at the 0 - 15 cm layer and from 6.55% to 11.31% at the 15 - 30 cm layer in one-year experiment period.展开更多
Activities of several key enzymes of C-4 photosynthesis pathway and stable carbon isotope discrimination were investigated in flag leaves of a super high-yield hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Peiai 64S/E32 and a tra...Activities of several key enzymes of C-4 photosynthesis pathway and stable carbon isotope discrimination were investigated in flag leaves of a super high-yield hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Peiai 64S/E32 and a traditional hybrid rice cv. Shanyou 63 at different developing stages. Results show that the activity of PEP carboxylase (PEPCase) increased with age of flag leave; the activity of NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) increased and reached to a peak value at grain filling stage (68-75 d after transplanting), then fell down; the activity of NADP-MDH in cv. Peiai 64S/E32 was much higher than that in cv. Shanyou 63. Before ripening stage (95 d after transplanting), NADP-malic enzyme activity rose gradually. The level of stable carbon isotope discrimination (Delta(13)C) in flag leaves and grains at different developing stages were similar and exhibited a comparative high value at ripening stage. The average Delta(13)C in leaf of cv. Peiai 64S/E32 during different developing stages was 0.43parts per thousand more than that in cv. Shanyou 63.展开更多
Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Q...Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.展开更多
Oxygen isotope (δ18O) serves as paleothermometer, and provides paleotemperature for carbonates. δ18O signature was used to estimate the temperature of fractionation of dolomite and calcite in Montney Formation, empi...Oxygen isotope (δ18O) serves as paleothermometer, and provides paleotemperature for carbonates. δ18O signature was used to estimate the temperature of fractionation of dolomite and calcite in Montney Formation, empirically calculated to have precipitated, between approximately 13°C to ±33°C during Triassic time in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Measurements of stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) fractionation, supported by quantitative X-ray diffraction evidence, and whole-rock geochemical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation indicates the presence of calcite, dolomite, magnesium, carbon and other elements. Results from isotopic signature obtained from bulk calcite and bulk dolomite from this study indicates depleted δ13CPDB (-2.18‰ to -8.46‰) and depleted δ18OPDB (-3.54‰ to -16.15‰), which is interpreted in relation to oxidation of organic matter during diagenesis. Diagenetic modification of dolomitized very fine-grained, silty-sandstone of the Montney Formation may have occurred in stages of progressive oxidation and reduction reactions involving chemical elements such as Fe, which manifest in mineral form as pyrite, particularly, during early burial diagenesis. Such mineralogical changes evident in this study from petrography and SEM, includes cementation, authigenic quartz overgrowth and mineral replacement involving calcite and dolomite, which are typical of diagenesis. High concentration of chemical elements in the Montney Formation?-Ca and Mg indicates dolomitization. It is interpreted herein, that calcite may have been precipitated into the interstitial pore space of the intergranular matrix of very fine-grained silty-sandstone of the Montney Formation as cement by a complex mechanism resulting in the interlocking of grains.展开更多
The 13C-18O bonds in carbonates are potential single-phase geo-thermometers. However, their theoretical distributions (noted as Δ47s) in CO2 degassed from calcite and aragonite with phosphoric acid are unclear. Thus,...The 13C-18O bonds in carbonates are potential single-phase geo-thermometers. However, their theoretical distributions (noted as Δ47s) in CO2 degassed from calcite and aragonite with phosphoric acid are unclear. Thus, the isotope reactions of 13C-18O bonds on the growing surfaces of calcite (0001) and aragonite (001) planes were investigated using ab initio techniques. It was found that these reactions determined 13C-18O clumped isotope signatures in bulk calcite and aragonite minerals with novel Δ47 polynomials: and for temperatures ranging from 260 to 1500 K. These theoretical results were in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the influence of phosphoric acid on these polynomials was at the level of 0.01‰.展开更多
该文建立液相色谱-稳定同位素比值质谱联用(liquid chromatography-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry,LC-IRMS)检测抗坏血酸δ^(13)C值的分析方法,用于鉴别针叶樱桃粉中抗坏血酸天然来源的真实性。样品中抗坏血酸经液相色谱在线...该文建立液相色谱-稳定同位素比值质谱联用(liquid chromatography-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry,LC-IRMS)检测抗坏血酸δ^(13)C值的分析方法,用于鉴别针叶樱桃粉中抗坏血酸天然来源的真实性。样品中抗坏血酸经液相色谱在线分离纯化,优化后色谱条件为:Syncronis C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为水-pH 2的硫酸溶液(90∶10,体积比),流速0.250 mL/min,色谱柱温度30℃,进样量10μL,通过LC-IsoLink实现目标物全部氧化为CO_(2)气体,最终以气态形式进入稳定同位素质谱仪,直接检测样品中抗坏血酸的δ^(13)C,该方法结果稳定、准确。分别测定了7个合成来源的维生素C片和19个针叶樱桃粉,结果表明,天然来源抗坏血酸δ^(13)C值为-25.00‰~-22.01‰,合成来源抗坏血酸δ^(13)C值为-11.74‰~-10.28‰,两者分布显著性差异,该方法可用于抗坏血酸产品标识的真实性鉴别研究。展开更多
目的建立基于^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C稳定同位素比质谱法(stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)的进口大麦产地溯源技术。方法样品干燥粉碎后,经硝酸消解,锶特效树脂净化后利用热电离质谱法(thermal ionization mass spectr...目的建立基于^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C稳定同位素比质谱法(stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)的进口大麦产地溯源技术。方法样品干燥粉碎后,经硝酸消解,锶特效树脂净化后利用热电离质谱法(thermal ionization mass spectrometry,TIMS)分析检测^(87)Sr/^(86);样品用锡囊包裹后,利用元素分析-稳定同位素比质谱法分析检测δ^(13)C;利用SPSS 25.0软件对进口大麦的^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C进行正态性验证、方差分析、事后多重比较分析和判别分析。结果不同进口国大麦中的^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C具有显著性差异,经判别分析,进口自澳大利亚、法国和美国的大麦可以达到100%正确判别率,整体正确判别率达到86.2%,若将美国和加拿大进口的大麦归类为北美洲进口大麦,则可实现进口自北美、法国和澳大利亚大麦的100%正确判别率。结论利用^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C可以对不同进口国大麦进行产地溯源分析。展开更多
文摘In this study, the experiments on field were conducted to examine the change in the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), its C-13 stable isotope composition (δ 13C) and some main physical, chemical parameters (soil moisture, pH, soil density, content of humic, fulvic, total N, total P, total K) in alluvial soil of Dan Phuong region—Vietnam at a depth of 0 - 30 cm when we changed the regime from 2 maize -1 rice crop to 2 rice - 1 maize crop per 1 year. In addition to analyzing the main parameters in soil, C content and its δ 13C value in parts of rice and maize (root, stem and leaf) were also analyzed to assess the contribution of plant residues on soil organic carbon content after harvest. The experiment was carried out in 2016-2017 on the field with the traditional farming method of local farmers along with the tropical monsoon weather conditions of the North-Vietnam. The results showed that SOC had positive correlation with total N, total P parameters and negative correlation with δ 13C values of soil samples at two layers (0 - 15 cm and 15 - 30 cm). The average of total dry biomass (stem, stump + roots and leaf parts) per 1 rice and 1 maize crop was 10.64 Mg/ha and 9.09 Mg/ha, respectively. The average of δ 13C value of rice (C3 plant) was -29.78‰ and its value of maize (C4 plant) was -12.61‰. The new plant (rice) contributes to the total soil organic carbon content from 11.31% to 44.14% at the 0 - 15 cm layer and from 6.55% to 11.31% at the 15 - 30 cm layer in one-year experiment period.
文摘Activities of several key enzymes of C-4 photosynthesis pathway and stable carbon isotope discrimination were investigated in flag leaves of a super high-yield hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Peiai 64S/E32 and a traditional hybrid rice cv. Shanyou 63 at different developing stages. Results show that the activity of PEP carboxylase (PEPCase) increased with age of flag leave; the activity of NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) increased and reached to a peak value at grain filling stage (68-75 d after transplanting), then fell down; the activity of NADP-MDH in cv. Peiai 64S/E32 was much higher than that in cv. Shanyou 63. Before ripening stage (95 d after transplanting), NADP-malic enzyme activity rose gradually. The level of stable carbon isotope discrimination (Delta(13)C) in flag leaves and grains at different developing stages were similar and exhibited a comparative high value at ripening stage. The average Delta(13)C in leaf of cv. Peiai 64S/E32 during different developing stages was 0.43parts per thousand more than that in cv. Shanyou 63.
基金supported by Basic Research Operating Expenses of the Central level Non-profit Research Institutes (IDM2022003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42375054)+2 种基金Regional collaborative innovation project of Xinjiang (2021E01022,2022E01045)Young Meteorological Talent Program of China Meteorological Administration,Tianshan Talent Program of Xinjiang (2022TSYCCX0003)Youth Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration (CMA2023QN08).
文摘Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.
文摘Oxygen isotope (δ18O) serves as paleothermometer, and provides paleotemperature for carbonates. δ18O signature was used to estimate the temperature of fractionation of dolomite and calcite in Montney Formation, empirically calculated to have precipitated, between approximately 13°C to ±33°C during Triassic time in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Measurements of stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) fractionation, supported by quantitative X-ray diffraction evidence, and whole-rock geochemical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation indicates the presence of calcite, dolomite, magnesium, carbon and other elements. Results from isotopic signature obtained from bulk calcite and bulk dolomite from this study indicates depleted δ13CPDB (-2.18‰ to -8.46‰) and depleted δ18OPDB (-3.54‰ to -16.15‰), which is interpreted in relation to oxidation of organic matter during diagenesis. Diagenetic modification of dolomitized very fine-grained, silty-sandstone of the Montney Formation may have occurred in stages of progressive oxidation and reduction reactions involving chemical elements such as Fe, which manifest in mineral form as pyrite, particularly, during early burial diagenesis. Such mineralogical changes evident in this study from petrography and SEM, includes cementation, authigenic quartz overgrowth and mineral replacement involving calcite and dolomite, which are typical of diagenesis. High concentration of chemical elements in the Montney Formation?-Ca and Mg indicates dolomitization. It is interpreted herein, that calcite may have been precipitated into the interstitial pore space of the intergranular matrix of very fine-grained silty-sandstone of the Montney Formation as cement by a complex mechanism resulting in the interlocking of grains.
文摘The 13C-18O bonds in carbonates are potential single-phase geo-thermometers. However, their theoretical distributions (noted as Δ47s) in CO2 degassed from calcite and aragonite with phosphoric acid are unclear. Thus, the isotope reactions of 13C-18O bonds on the growing surfaces of calcite (0001) and aragonite (001) planes were investigated using ab initio techniques. It was found that these reactions determined 13C-18O clumped isotope signatures in bulk calcite and aragonite minerals with novel Δ47 polynomials: and for temperatures ranging from 260 to 1500 K. These theoretical results were in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the influence of phosphoric acid on these polynomials was at the level of 0.01‰.
文摘目的建立基于^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C稳定同位素比质谱法(stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry,IRMS)的进口大麦产地溯源技术。方法样品干燥粉碎后,经硝酸消解,锶特效树脂净化后利用热电离质谱法(thermal ionization mass spectrometry,TIMS)分析检测^(87)Sr/^(86);样品用锡囊包裹后,利用元素分析-稳定同位素比质谱法分析检测δ^(13)C;利用SPSS 25.0软件对进口大麦的^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C进行正态性验证、方差分析、事后多重比较分析和判别分析。结果不同进口国大麦中的^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C具有显著性差异,经判别分析,进口自澳大利亚、法国和美国的大麦可以达到100%正确判别率,整体正确判别率达到86.2%,若将美国和加拿大进口的大麦归类为北美洲进口大麦,则可实现进口自北美、法国和澳大利亚大麦的100%正确判别率。结论利用^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr和δ^(13)C可以对不同进口国大麦进行产地溯源分析。
