Consistency of Water Production Function Models of Two Crops

On basis of test information, the research performed analysis on water production function models of two crops, which indicated that water model of crops in whole growth stage and water model of crops indifferent growth stages have consistency as well as differences, providing references for optimization of irrigation water. Meanwhile, the research analyzed the deficiency of optimization on irrigation water for crops just by Jensen model.

Saline Water Irrigation Scheduling Through a Crop-Water-Salinity Production Function and a Soil-Water-Salinity Dynamic Model

Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to obtain the crop water sensitivity index, the salinity sensitivity index, and other parameters. Using data collected during 35 years to calculate the 10-day mean precipitation and evaporation, the variation in soil salinity concentrations and in the yields of winter wheat and cotton were simulated for 49 irrigation scheduling that were combined from 7 irrigation schemes over 3 irrigation dates and 7 salinity concentrations of saline irrigation water (fresh water and 6 levels of saline water). Comparison of predicted results with irrigation data obtained from a large area of the field showed that the model was valid and reliable. Based on the analysis of the investment cost of the irrigation that employed deep tube wells or shallow tube wells, a saline water irrigation schedule and a corresponding strategy for groundwater development and utilization were proposed. For wheat or cotton, if the salinity concentration was higher than 7.0 g L-1 in groundwater, irrigation was needed with only fresh water; if about 5.0 g L-1, irrigation was required twice with fresh water and once with saline water; and if not higher than 3.0 g L-1, irrigation could be solely with saline water.

On Enforcing Dyadic-type Homogeneous Binary Function Product Constraints in MatBase

Homogeneous binary function products are frequently encountered in the sub-universes modeled by databases,spanning from genealogical trees and sports to education and healthcare,etc.Their properties must be discovered and enforced by the software applications managing such data to guarantee plausibility.The(Elementary)Mathematical Data Model provides 17 types of dyadic-based homogeneous binary function product constraint categories.MatBase,an intelligent data and knowledge base management system prototype,allows database designers to simply declare them by only clicking corresponding checkboxes and automatically generates code for enforcing them.This paper describes the algorithms that MatBase uses for enforcing all 17 types of homogeneous binary function product constraint,which may also be employed by developers without access to MatBase.

Energy Dependence of String Fragmentation Function and Ф Meson Production

The meson productions in Au+Au and/or Pb+Pb collisions at AGS, SPS, RHIC, and LHC energies have been studied systematically with a hadron and string cascade model LUCIAE. After considering the energy dependence of the model parameter α in string fragmentation function and adjusting it to the experimental data of charged multiplicity to a certain extent, the model predictions for meson yield, rapidity, and transverse mass distributions are compatible with the experimental data at AGS, SPS and RHIC energies. A calculation for Pb+Pb collisions at LHC energy is given as well. The obtained fractional variable in string fragmentation function shows a saturation in energy dependence. It is discussed that the saturation of fractional variable in string fragmentation function might be a qualitative representation of the energy dependence of nuclear transparency.

Review of Carbon Emissions Trading Production Model and Research on Its Applications in China

With the Kyoto Protocol entering into effect in many countries one after another,carbon trading has come into being and developed quickly.China is the main supplier of carbon emissions rights in the world,but such transactions are still in the stage of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects without its own trading system,which is not conducive for China to win the rights of carbon pricing in the international market.Low-carbon and emissions reduction is the international trend nowadays,and therefore,it is particularly necessary and urgent to investigate the issue of carbon trading in China.In this paper,the authors have reviewed Putty-Clay Vintage,which is a model of production function for carbon trading,revealing the main points,contributions and shortcomings of the model.Combined with China's national conditions,the authors have investigated the application of this model in China's carbon trading from four different angles,including enterprise production optimization,financial market development,national macro-economy,and the allocation of emission quota.This study aims to provide China's enterprises with an analytical framework when participating in carbon trading in the future and it is beneficial for them to make optimal production planning when considering the cost of carbon emissions reduction.

Analysis on Technical Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Rapeseed Production

Based on micro survey data of 344 rapeseed farmers in 19 rapeseed counties of Hubei Province,with the aid of stochastic frontier production function model and efficiency loss model,this paper analyzed basic production situations,demographic characteristics of rapeseed farmers,technical efficiency loss,and main influencing factors. In Hubei Province,there are mainly following problems in rapeseed production: serious aging of rapeseed farmers; relatively scarce labors; the middle-aged and old farmers have higher technical efficiency level; with increase in farmer age,their technical efficiency firstly declines and then rises. In view of these situations,it came up with recommendations including raising educational level of rapeseed farmers to realize large scale economy and effectively reduce technical efficiency loss,and local government,specialized associations and agricultural machinery extension departments should provide proper technical guidance according to demands of farmers to reduce technical efficiency loss.

Model-Driven Derivation of Domain Functional Requirements from Use Cases

Domain analysis is essential to core assets development in software product line engineering. Most existing approaches, however, depend on domain experts’ experience to analyze the commonality and variability of systems in a domain, which remains a manual and intensive process. This paper addresses the issue by proposing a model-driven approach to automating the domain requirements derivation process. The paper focuses on the match between the use cases of existing individual products and the domain functional requirements of a product line. By introducing a set of linguistic description dimensions to differentiate the sub-variations in a use case, the use case template is extended to model variability. To this end, a transformation process is formulated to sustain and deduce the information in use cases, and to match it to domain functional requirements. This paper also presents a prototype which implements the derivation as a model transformation described in a graphical model transformation language MOLA. This approach complements existing domain analysis techniques with less manual operation cost and more efficiency by automating the domain functional requirements development.

Impact of Education on Productivity:A Model in China

Improving the quality of human resources through edu-cation and training is of great strategic significance.However, few people have done in depth and systematicstudies on the relationship between education and pro-ducttvity in China. This study developed an educationproductivity transform model and empirically tested themodel using data on the most districts of China. The ba-sic notion is that the effect depends both on the capabilityresulted from education, and on the environment inwhich this capability can be exercised, the effect is a re-sult of two factors combined.

Empirical Analysis of Gross Domestic Product and Coal Import Based on VAR Model

The speed of China’s economic development is gradually accelerating, and the demand for energy is also constantly increasing, especially the demand for coal. In order to reveal whether the coal imports have an impact on China’s economic development, this paper constructs the VAR(6) model by selecting the quarterly data of coal imports (CIV) and gross domestic product (GDP) from 2002 to 2017, performing ADF (Augmented Dickey-Fuller) stationarity test and Johansen cointegration test. It shows that there is a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between coal imports and GDP. Then the impulse response function is used to obtain the relationship between coal imports and GDP. It is found that the impact of coal imports on GDP is greater than the impact of GDP on coal imports.

1T′‐MoTe_(2) monolayer:A promising two‐dimensional catalyst for the electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide

The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))via a two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e‐ORR)in acidic media has emerged as a green process for the production of this valuable chemical.However,such an approach employs expensive noble‐metal‐based electrocatalysts,which severely undermines its feasibility when implemented on an industrial scale.Herein,based on density functional theory computations and microkinetic modeling,we demonstrate that a novel two‐dimensional(2D)material,namely a 1T′‐MoTe_(2)monolayer,can serve as an efficient non‐precious electrocatalyst to facilitate the 2e‐ORR.The 1T′‐MoTe_(2)monolayer is a stable 2D crystal that can be easily produced through exfoliation techniques.The surface‐exposed Te sites of the 1T′‐MoTe_(2)monolayer exhibit a favorable OOH*binding energy of 4.24 eV,resulting in a rather high basal plane activity toward the 2e‐ORR.Importantly,kinetic computations indicate that the 1T'‐MoTe_(2)monolayer preferentially promotes the formation of H_(2)O_(2)over the competing four‐electron ORR step.These desirable characteristics render 1T′‐MoTe_(2)a promising candidate for catalyzing the electrochemical reduction of O_(2)to H_(2)O_(2).

Dependence of Consumption Volume on the Labor-Force in One-Productive Models of Economic Dynamics

In the work one-productive model of economic dynamics the labor-force involved in production is investigated the case when or function with constant elasticity of substitution （CES） is studied. is considered. The dependence of the consumption volume on production function coincides with the Cobb-Douglas function

基于修正的C-D生产函数模型的吉林省粮食增产潜力分析和预测

首先运用修正的C-D生产函数模型对以往的吉林省粮食增产潜力及其影响因素进行建模分析,然后对各影响因素进行趋势分析,最后用修正的C-D生产函数模型对吉林省的粮食增产潜力进行预测。

C-D生产函数在林产品投入产出中的应用研究

本文运用C D生产函数,并结合闽西北毛竹的密度效应模型和产量模型,对其进行弹性分析和边际产量分析。提出用C D生产函数建立毛竹密度效应模型的优越性,为达到合理、高效的营林工作提供科学依据。

“浙江模式”的C-D形式检验及启示——基于CES生产函数

基于两要素固定替代弹性(CES)生产函数,根据浙江1978—2006年的经济数据测算出浙江资本和劳动的固定替代弹性系数接近于1,证明了C-D生产函数形式是分析改革开放以来浙江经济增长的合适工具,说明新古典增长理论较好地刻画了浙江经济增长的事实;实证结果同时也从相反的方面启示我们,浙江依靠传统要素红利带来的经济增长必不长久,必须寻求加快科技进步和产业结构优化等新的经济增长点。

经济不确定性与中国经济增长——基于FAVAR-SV模型和新C-D生产函数

经济不确定性的测度是一个复杂而困难的过程,本文首次应用因子增广向量自回归(FAVAR-SV)模型,采用158个宏观指标合成宏观经济不确定性指数;并利用扩展的C-D生产函数,采用29个省市、自治区面板数据,基于内生经济增长视角,将不确定性指数与科技进步纳入模型,考察经济不确定性对经济增长的影响。研究表明,宏观经济不确定性指数是反经济周期变量、测度结果稳定、能够迅速识别发生概率小于10%的"黑天鹅"事件,并与实际经济活动相符;经济不确定性指数对经济增长具有抑制作用,其滞后项的影响明显减弱,这源于政府相关政策的实施。单一类别指标股票不确定性会缩小宏观经济不确定性的实际影响,因此,利用丰富数据环境测度不确定性具有一定的优势。

外商直接投资的技术外溢效应——基于C-D生产函数的数理模型与对我国的经验研究

外商直接投资(下文简称为FDI)是否具有正的技术外溢效应一直存有争议。为验证这一问题,笔者拓展了C-D生产函数模型,评估了FDI的技术外溢效应。经验研究证实,中国在引进外资过程中的确获取了正的技术外溢效应。

基于扩展C-D生产函数的西部地区省域科技人才开发投入模型——以四川省为例

科技人才是我国实施西部大开发战略和西部民族地区社会经济生态三方协同治理的关键资源.至今我国关于科技人才开发的投入统计数据仍然比较分散,省域之间投入总量及平均量相差较大,科技人才开发的投入计量是研究难点.根据加大科技人才开发投入的主要理由,应用扩展C-D生产函数思想,构建西部地区省域科技人才开发的生产函数模型;应用中国统计年鉴,提取2002至2011年相关数据,建立四川省科技人才开发生产函数的实证模型.

基于贝叶斯面板模型的扩展C-D生产函数估计及实证

摘要：利用2008--2011年的省际面板数据并充分收集和整理先验信息，运用贝叶斯面板模型分析和研究了扩展的C-D生产函数，有效地处理了短期时序造成的小样本问题以及误差项之间的相关性问题，实现参数的适时修正和更新。研究发现：目前中国物质资本份额的后验均值为55％，明显低于中国学者估计的60％；人力资本所占份额仅为5％～6％，其对经济增长的拉动作用没有得到充分的发挥，中国应增大人力资本投入；固定资产投资比例人均产出弹性的后验均值为1．37；地理位置等个体差异依旧是造成中国发展不平衡问题逐年扩大的重要原因。

基于C-D生产函数的文献资源投入产出因素分析

图书馆运作过程是各种资源不断投入的过程,运用C-D生产函数建立图书馆纸质文献资源投入产出数学模型,并进行效益分析和边际生产力分析,为指导图书馆管理工作提供科学依据。

Application of an Economy-Climate Model to Assess the Impact of Climate Change

An interdisciplinary investigation was conducted to assess the impact of climate change on grain yields using an economy-climate model （C-D-C）. The model was formulated by incorporating climate factors into the classic Cobb-Douglas （C-D） economic production function model. The economic meanings of the model output elasticities are described and elucidated. The C-D-C model was applied to the assessment of the impact of climate change on grain yields in China during the past 20 years, from 1983 through 2002. In the study, the land of China was divided into eight regions, and both the C-D-C and C-D models were applied to each individual region. The results suggest that the C-D-C model is superior to the classic C-D model, indicating the importance of climate factors. Prospective applications of the C-D-C model are discussed.