[目的]探讨鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6对乙醇诱导的小鼠慢性肝损伤的预防作用,并分析其可能的保护机制。[方法]将90只ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、寡肽低剂量组(0.12 mg/kg)、寡肽高剂量组(0.24 mg/kg)、阳性药组(240.00 mg/kg)。正常对...[目的]探讨鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6对乙醇诱导的小鼠慢性肝损伤的预防作用,并分析其可能的保护机制。[方法]将90只ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、寡肽低剂量组(0.12 mg/kg)、寡肽高剂量组(0.24 mg/kg)、阳性药组(240.00 mg/kg)。正常对照组和模型组均皮下注射生理盐水(0.12 m L/kg);寡肽低剂量组和寡肽高剂量组分别皮下注射寡肽的生理盐水溶液(0.12 m L/kg);阳性药组灌胃还原型谷胱甘肽生理盐水溶液(0.12 m L/kg),同时除正常对照组外,其余4组给予灌胃40%乙醇(0.12 m L/kg),每日1次,连续16周。16周后,末次给乙醇12 h后处死小鼠采集血液样品和肝组织样品,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活力,肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛含量(MDA),单胺氧化酶(MAO)的活力,并进行病理组织学检查。[结果]鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6使灌胃乙醇后小鼠体内ALT、AST、MDA、MAO、AKP的含量显著降低(P<0.05),肝组织匀浆中SOD的活力明显升高(P<0.05),肝脏病理损伤减轻。[结论]鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6对小鼠慢性酒精性肝损伤具有一定的预防保护作用,其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化,清除自由基,升高SOD的活力有关。展开更多
The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare la...The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare lanthanide cations, have been investigated for the first time by using density functional theory. A direct fluorine abstraction mechanism was revealed, and the related thermochemistry data were determined. The electron-transfer reactivity of the reaction was analyzed using the two-state model, and a strongly avoided crossing behavior on the transition state region was shown. The present results support the reaction mechanism inferred from early experimental data and the related thermochemistry data can provide a guide for further experimental researches.展开更多
Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was disclosed.The reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple ...Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was disclosed.The reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage by simply switching the photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst under visible-light-induced conditions at room temperature.Foramte acts as both the C1 source and the reductant through the generation of CO_(2)^(·-)species,which underwent Giese radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes to trigger the consecutive C-F bond cleavage and carboxylation process.展开更多
Organic fluorine compounds are ubiquitous and pivotally important organic molecules,yet their activation and transformation have long been a formidable challenge due to the high energy and low reactivity of C-F bonds....Organic fluorine compounds are ubiquitous and pivotally important organic molecules,yet their activation and transformation have long been a formidable challenge due to the high energy and low reactivity of C-F bonds.Organic electrosynthesis,an environmentally benign synthetic method in organic chemistry,enables a myriad of chemical transformations without the need for external redox reagents.In recent years,organic electrochemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for achieving the activation and transformation of C-F bonds in fluorine-containing compounds.This review aims to succinctly recapitulate the latest advancements in the electrochemical defluorinative transformations of C-F bonds and to delve into the reaction design,mechanistic insights,and developmental prospects ofthese methods.展开更多
The atom-economical C-F insertion chemistry is emerged as a promising technology for the synthesis of various fluorinated scaffolds,which have wide applications both in the academic and the industrial com-munities.The...The atom-economical C-F insertion chemistry is emerged as a promising technology for the synthesis of various fluorinated scaffolds,which have wide applications both in the academic and the industrial com-munities.The past three years have witnessed rapid developments in this field.This highlight provides an overview on the evolution according to the fluorinating agents used.展开更多
文摘[目的]探讨鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6对乙醇诱导的小鼠慢性肝损伤的预防作用,并分析其可能的保护机制。[方法]将90只ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、寡肽低剂量组(0.12 mg/kg)、寡肽高剂量组(0.24 mg/kg)、阳性药组(240.00 mg/kg)。正常对照组和模型组均皮下注射生理盐水(0.12 m L/kg);寡肽低剂量组和寡肽高剂量组分别皮下注射寡肽的生理盐水溶液(0.12 m L/kg);阳性药组灌胃还原型谷胱甘肽生理盐水溶液(0.12 m L/kg),同时除正常对照组外,其余4组给予灌胃40%乙醇(0.12 m L/kg),每日1次,连续16周。16周后,末次给乙醇12 h后处死小鼠采集血液样品和肝组织样品,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活力,肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛含量(MDA),单胺氧化酶(MAO)的活力,并进行病理组织学检查。[结果]鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6使灌胃乙醇后小鼠体内ALT、AST、MDA、MAO、AKP的含量显著降低(P<0.05),肝组织匀浆中SOD的活力明显升高(P<0.05),肝脏病理损伤减轻。[结论]鳖甲寡肽I-C-F-6对小鼠慢性酒精性肝损伤具有一定的预防保护作用,其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化,清除自由基,升高SOD的活力有关。
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.Z2000B02).
文摘The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare lanthanide cations, have been investigated for the first time by using density functional theory. A direct fluorine abstraction mechanism was revealed, and the related thermochemistry data were determined. The electron-transfer reactivity of the reaction was analyzed using the two-state model, and a strongly avoided crossing behavior on the transition state region was shown. The present results support the reaction mechanism inferred from early experimental data and the related thermochemistry data can provide a guide for further experimental researches.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22001224)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20201014,BK20200106)+2 种基金the Start-up Funding provided by Xuzhou Medical Universityalso supported by the Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor Program(Xu Zhu)Jiangsu Province Shuangchuang PhD Program(Pei Xu,JSSCBS20211267)。
文摘Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was disclosed.The reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage by simply switching the photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst under visible-light-induced conditions at room temperature.Foramte acts as both the C1 source and the reductant through the generation of CO_(2)^(·-)species,which underwent Giese radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes to trigger the consecutive C-F bond cleavage and carboxylation process.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ22B020005,LZ22B020003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22101201,22071171)for financial support of this work.
文摘Organic fluorine compounds are ubiquitous and pivotally important organic molecules,yet their activation and transformation have long been a formidable challenge due to the high energy and low reactivity of C-F bonds.Organic electrosynthesis,an environmentally benign synthetic method in organic chemistry,enables a myriad of chemical transformations without the need for external redox reagents.In recent years,organic electrochemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for achieving the activation and transformation of C-F bonds in fluorine-containing compounds.This review aims to succinctly recapitulate the latest advancements in the electrochemical defluorinative transformations of C-F bonds and to delve into the reaction design,mechanistic insights,and developmental prospects ofthese methods.
基金The Tertiary Education Scientific Research Project of Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau(No.202235305)is gratefully acnowledged for financial support.
文摘The atom-economical C-F insertion chemistry is emerged as a promising technology for the synthesis of various fluorinated scaffolds,which have wide applications both in the academic and the industrial com-munities.The past three years have witnessed rapid developments in this field.This highlight provides an overview on the evolution according to the fluorinating agents used.
