Investigation of Phylogenetic Relationship among Three Species of Channa Based on ITS Sequence Analysis

[ Objective ] This study aimed to analyze genetic variation of ribosomal ITS region sequences in Channa argus, C moculata and C. asiatica, and to in- vestigate the phylogenetic relationship among Charma species based on ITS sequences. [ Method] ITS sequences of three Channa species were amplified by PCR, cloned and assembled to obtain the full length of ITS sequences. [ Result] The full length of ITS sequences of C. argus, C. maculata and C. asiatica was 902, 927, and 902/903 bp, respectively. ITS sequences of C. argus, C. maculata and C. asiatica exhibited higher G ＋ C （72%） than A ＋ T. Interspecific nucleotide differences were significantly greater than intraspecific differences of these three Channa species. Thus, these remarkably differential ITS fragments could be used to identify C. argus, C. maculata and C. asiatica. Phylogenetic tree constructed by Neighbor-joining and Maximum Likehood methods showed that C. argus shared the lowest genetic distance with C. maculata and the highest genetic distance with C. asiatica. [ Conclusion] This study provided reference for classification, i- dentification, phylogenetic analysis and interspecific hybridization of Channa species.

杂交鳢(乌鳢♂×斑鳢♀)及其亲本血液指标的比较分析

本研究采用血细胞分析仪、流式细胞仪和血涂片制作方法,对杂交鳢及其亲本血液指标进行了比较分析。结果显示,杂交鳢(Channa argus♂×C.maculata♀)与其亲本相比,表现出明显杂种优势:在血液红细胞数目、白细胞数目、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容上,杂交鳢都比亲本高,差异显著(P<0.05);在红细胞体积上,杂交鳢均比亲本小,差异显著(P<0.05);杂交鳢及其亲本血液中都含有较少比例的DNA合成期(S期)细胞,但彼此差异不显著(P>0.05)。

饲料中添加乌贼膏和酵母膏对生鱼生长性能和肠道健康的影响

在生鱼(Channa argus×C.maculata)商品饲料中分别添加1%、2%的乌贼膏,1%、2%的酵母膏及其混合物(1%乌贼膏+1%酵母膏),饲养初重为(73.91±1.44)g的生鱼8周。结果表明,饲喂不同饲料的生鱼增重率依次为:2%酵母膏组>(1%酵母膏+1%乌贼膏)组>1%酵母膏组>1%乌贼膏组>2%乌贼膏组>对照组,其中1%、2%酵母膏组及其混合组与对照组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。饲料系数以2%酵母膏组显著低于对照组、1%乌贼膏组、2%乌贼膏组和混合组(P<0.05)。饲料中添加酵母膏使生鱼的肝体比、脏体比、肠体比及肠长比均有不同程度的下降,但脏体比和肠长比在各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料中添加乌贼膏或酵母膏对生鱼背肌的营养组成没有显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲料中添加1%和2%的酵母膏,生鱼肠道皱襞的密度和高度明显增加,几乎填满整个肠腔。饲料中添加1%和2%乌贼膏,生鱼的肠壁厚度增加,但肠道皱襞的密度减小,以2%乌贼膏组尤为明显。混合添加组的肠道组织结构特点与单独添加酵母膏组相似。研究结果表明,饲料中添加1%和2%的酵母膏及酵母膏和乌贼膏的混合物(1%+1%)能显著提高生鱼的生长性能和肠道健康状况,添加2%的酵母膏优势更明显。饲料中添加乌贼膏对生长性能的提高不如酵母膏明显,且随着添加量的增加,生鱼生长性能和肠道健康状况有下降的趋势。