面向数字孪生变压器的计算机辅助运维(CAM+)构架与关键技术

发展数字孪生变压器对支撑电力装备智能运维具有重要价值。目前变压器已具有计算机辅助设计、工程仿真的一般功能,但面向运行维护的场景、性能数字孪生还处于初级阶段。为此,该文提出了一种将计算机辅助设计、工程仿真、制造进一步拓展为电力装备的计算机辅助运维(computer aided maintenance+,CAM+)新模式,包含了场景更新、虚实融合、故障定位、智能运维等功能。该文首先介绍了CAM+的内涵,结合电力装备的数字孪生架构提出了面向数字孪生变压器的CAM+模式的技术架构。然后,综述了3维场景可视化建模、高精度传感、多物理场耦合模型与快速计算、虚实融合的动态推演、多源数据融合、状态智能评估、知识图谱等CAM+模式所涉及的关键技术。最后,分析了CAM+在变压器场景更新、参量孪生和智能运维的应用,并总结了未来CAM+所面临的挑战和发展方向。

农用挖掘机卷筒虚拟装配规划设计与研究--基于CAM技术

首先,采用CAD软件对农用挖掘机卷筒结构进行了设计;然后,对结构的受力情况进行了分析;最后,基于CAM和VR技术实现了对农用挖掘机卷筒装配规划的设计与应用。仿真实验验证了此方法具有可行性,可对装配过程实现优化,大大提高设计效率。

CAD/CAM技术在嵌体制作教学中的应用

目的研究在嵌体制作教学中,CAD/CAM技术的应用价值。方法以在昆明医科大学附属延安医院口腔科实习的60名本科生为研究对象,随机分为实验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30);选择合适的临床病例让学生进行下颌磨牙邻面嵌体牙体预备,指导教师通过不同的方式对第1次预备结果进行指导,由学生进行2次修改预备,考核小组对最终预备体的预备量、预备体外形、面洞形、鸠尾固位型、邻面洞形5个方面进行打分评价。结果实验组各项检测指标分值均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论CAD/CAM技术应用于嵌体制作教学中可有效提高学生临床动手能力,达到较传统教学方式更好的教学效果。

CAD/CAM全瓷高嵌体与树脂复合陶瓷高嵌体修复对后牙牙体缺损的研究进展

计算机辅助设计与制作(CAD/CAM)系统,因其具有高效率、高精确性等优点,逐渐在后牙牙体缺损修复中得到广泛的应用。通过研究CAD/CAM全瓷高嵌体、树脂复合陶瓷高嵌体在后牙牙体缺损修复中的应用,对两种方法的材料、后牙牙体治疗相关临床应用、应用期间注意要点及应用效果差异进行比较,以期为后牙牙体缺损的治疗提供临床选择依据。本文通过对研究国内外CAD/CAM全瓷高嵌体与树脂复合陶瓷高嵌体修复对后牙牙体缺损的治疗新进展进行归纳与分析。CAD/CAM技术临床应用普及有利于提升医院在口腔医学领域的核心竞争能力,且高质量的牙体修复有益于提升民众的口腔健康,亦可节约社会医疗资源。

“岗课赛证”融合的模具CAD/CAM课程教学改革研究与实践

以模具CAD/CAM课程为例,从课程教学整体设计出发,进行“岗课赛证”融合的课程教学改革实践。通过“岗课赛证”四位一体的课程内容重构、教学方案制定、教学资源联合开发、教学评价优化完善,初步实现了专业知识技能、岗位能力和价值引领相结合的育人目标,有效提高了学生个人职业生涯发展和职业活动所需的综合能力。

面向本科机械类专业的CAD/CAE/CAM课程实践培养模式研究

随着现代机械工业发展,计算机辅助设计(CAD)/计算机辅助工程(CAE)/计算机辅助制造(CAM)的应用日益广泛,对于本科阶段的机械类专业学生,如何通过教学模式改革来提高学生的CAD/CAE/CAM技能尤为重要。本研究以本科机械类专业学生为对象,构建了有针对性的CAD/CAE/CAM课程实践培养模式,主要包括层次化任务、技能演变、个体与团队项目的融合以及教师与企业专家的双重指导机制。经过有效的实践学习和理论学习,学生在CAD/CAE/CAM能力上的显著性提升得到证实。研究发现,这种模式可以显著提高机械工程学生的设计技能和创新能力,培养学生对工程实践的激情,并提高其就业竞争力。此研究对于推进机械专业教育的改革,提高机械类专业学生的实用技能,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

1374例椅旁CAD/CAM全瓷修复体的类型及颜色调查

目的:分析椅旁CAD/CAM全瓷修复体的类型及使用的全瓷材料的颜色区间,为指导临床椅旁全瓷修复的应用及材料的颜色选择提供参考。方法:收集整理2021年1月—2021年12月上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔修复科使用椅旁CAD/CAM切削IPS e.max CAD材料的修复体相关数据。对修复体的数量、类型和全瓷材料的颜色分布进行调查,分析修复体的类型和材料的颜色分布频率。结果:共纳入1374枚修复体,其中,冠修复体最多,624例,占总修复体的45.41%;贴面516例,占37.55%;嵌体219例,占15.94%;固定桥均为粘接桥,数量最少,仅15例,占1.09%。修复材料的选择方面,低透(LT)瓷块的使用频率显著高于其他透明度的瓷块;A色系为使用频率最高的颜色。贴面最常选用的瓷块为LTA2和LTA1;嵌体使用最多的为LTA3;冠使用最多的为LTA2和LTA3;固定桥使用的瓷块均为LT色系,A3色占多数。结论:使用IPS e.max CAD材料制作的椅旁CAD/CAM全瓷修复体已广泛用于临床,修复体类型包括贴面、嵌体、冠和粘接固定桥。临床最常用的IPS e.max CAD瓷块为LTA2、LTA3、LTA1,这对基层医院的临床修复决策及瓷块储备具有一定的指导意义。

椅旁CAD/CAM高嵌体修复老年磨牙大面积缺损的临床观察

目的:探究数字化椅旁计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造(CAD/CAM)高嵌体对老年磨牙大面积缺损患者的修复效果。方法:选取2016年7月~2020年6月本院收治的75例(75颗缺损牙)老年磨牙大面积缺损患者,行根管治疗后采用椅旁CAD/CAM进行高嵌体修复。评价修复后12、24个月的修复效果,并于修复后24个月调查患者满意度,检测修复前和修复后12、24个月的龈沟液内肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和基质金属蛋白酶8(MMP-8)水平。结果:修复后12、24个月的修复合格率分别为97.33%、93.33%,修复后24个月患者在修复体颜色、外形及舒适度三方面的满意率分别为98.67%、97.33%、100%。修复后12、24个月的患牙龈沟液内TNF-α及MMP-8水平较修复前下降(P<0.05)。结论:CAD/CAM技术制作的高嵌体对于老年磨牙大面积缺损的修复效果良好,患者满意度高,可作为老年磨牙大面积缺损的有效治疗方案。

基于CAMU-Net的肺结节分割方法

肺癌作为世界上死亡率最高的癌症之一,严重威胁人类的生命安全,早发现早治疗可以提高患者的生存率.为了准确地分割出肺部CT图像中的肺结节区域,提出一种基于CAM U-Net的肺结节分割方法.在U-Net网络基础上,通过添加通道注意力模块CAM,使网络中的特征聚焦于关键有用的信息,减弱甚至消除无关信息的干扰,进而提升模型的性能.在LIDC-IDRI肺结节公开数据集上的实验结果表明:该算法的交并比、Dice相似系数、准确率、和召回率分别为82.04%、89.24%、88.61%和91.28%.与其他肺结节分割方法相比,该算法具有更好的分割性能.

基于新型Contention网络的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法研究

针对滚动轴承早期故障诊断问题,为了同时建模振动信号中的高频和低频特征,实现高精度诊断,提出了一种新的模型Contention。它以一种互补的方式集成了空洞卷积和自注意力机制的优点,具有同时捕捉高频和低频信息的能力。为了验证其诊断能力,首先,在完整信息原则下将振动信号连续构造成数据集;其次,搭建Contention网络并训练,其最终测试集准确度可达100%,t-SNE显示随网络层次的深入特征被明显聚类;最后,设置对照实验,将该模型与传统RNN、CNN、Transformer模型对比,证明该模型具备突出的诊断能力。

CAD/CAM曲面金属件建模及数控编程仿真加工研究

以烟灰缸金属件为工艺产品进行UG NX建模,根据数控铣床/加工中心加工要求设计工艺件曲面造型,研究复加工杂曲面建模参数及过程;分析了工艺件产品并制定机械加工工艺流程,以MasterCAM进行数控加工编程,对比参数设置特点,研究3D刀具路径粗精加工曲面区别,调整数控加工各项切削参数,仿真得到光滑的曲面造型工艺件并输出NC编程程序。

机械CAD/CAM在仿壁虎机器人步态规划中的应用

【目的】提高擦窗机器人的各项能力,例如任意角度下的攀爬能力、越障能力,改变传统机器人的移动方式,使其在三维空间中能做无障碍运动。【方法】课题组以壁虎的四足运动为灵感,利用机械CAD/CAM中的UG软件模拟仿壁虎机器人结构,进行步态规划与结构设计。通过研究受力情况,推导了仿壁虎机器人真空吸盘式四足的四杆机构尺寸及吸盘大小,绘制了其结构设计图并说明了其运行轨迹与运行方式。通过Postbuilder创建后处理,进行全面测试与仿真,确保无误后加工其组件。【结果】计算得出,一个周期内的大腿步进距离为89.83 mm,小腿步进距离为3.11 mm。所以,一个周期内单腿总步进距离为92.94 mm。据此采用自上而下的建模方案,在仿真中设置了装配方式、连接方式、驱动方式,并利用余弦函数来控制腿部的运动轨迹。【结论】本设计较好地模拟了壁虎的运动,在后续研究中,会继续关注机器人尾巴的动态运行轨迹,以期使机器人在微重力下可以通过尾巴来调节自身姿态,使仿壁虎机器人的运动更加灵活。

A Survey of Digital Content Required for STD Prevention Education Taught by School Nurses

Purpose: In recent years, there has been concern in Japan about the increase in STDs among adolescents aged 15 - 19. In order to prevent STDs and guide adolescents toward desirable sexual behavior, this study’s goal was to examine the actual state of STD prevention education taught by school nurses as part of the school curriculum, as well as the kinds of digital content they wish to have for teaching on the subject. Method: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed by email and leaflet. Targeting the 100 valid responses received from the surveyed school nurses, descriptive statistics were made for each survey item and comparisons were made between the early- and mid-career groups based on years of experience. Results: 70.0% of respondents reported teaching about STDs in Health & Physical Education classes. School nurses in the early-career group used ready-made materials, while the mid-career group used both ready-made and self-made materials. 95% of respondents reported that they had little or no knowledge of STDs, while 84% reported that they were “good” or “fairly good” at teaching classes on sexuality. Both groups reported difficulty with the topics of “phimosis” and “nocturnal emissions” in the physiological category, “sexual behavior” in the “sex-adjacent” category, and “sexual and reproductive issues” in the psychosocial category. Respondents expressed a need for digital content covering the topics of “sexual violence”, “sexual abuse”, “sexually transmitted diseases”, and “how to turn down sex”. The mid-career group desired digital content for more items than the early-career group, with significant differences in the pathogens involved in sexually transmitted diseases and sex-adjacent items. 32.0% of respondents answered that they had done self-study for sex education classes in the past three years, and both groups desired self-study on “sexually transmitted diseases”, with the mid-career group significantly higher than the early-career group on “cervical cancer & HPV”, “emergency contraceptives”, and “media literacy”. Conclusion: Health & Physical Education is the main subject that covers STDs, and pre-existing materials are commonly used. It is expected that this is due to nurses’ busy schedules and the fact that only one school nurse is assigned to each school. The data collected suggested that nurse teachers want categorized digital content that can be used in the classes they are responsible for, rather than educational content on topics they are not comfortable with. In addition, given the changing environment surrounding sex, it was clear that they wish to understand the realities and needs of the high school students they teach, and desire self-study opportunities to improve their teaching methods.

A Study on the Correlation between Salivary Cortisol Content and Anxiety and Depression in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Objective: To analyze the correlation between salivary cortisol content and anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women. Method: 300 pregnant and postpartum women who were admitted from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were all tested with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 40 pregnant women with anxiety and depression were selected as the observation group, and 50 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group, adopting logistic regression analysis to investigate the correlation between salivary cortisol and postpartum anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Result: The salivary cortisol levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group before bedtime, after waking up the next day, 15 minutes after waking up, 30 minutes after waking up, 60 minutes after waking up, and 1 hour before lunch (p < 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety were not related to age, weight, gestational age, negative events, or history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth (p > 0.05). Maternal depression and anxiety are closely related to salivary cortisol levels and educational background (p Conclusion: There is a close correlation between anxiety and depression and an increase in cortisol levels, suggesting that the salivary cortisol awakening response during pregnancy has a predictive effect on the occurrence of postpartum depression.

Predictability of the upper ocean heat content in a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system

Upper ocean heat content(OHC)has been widely recognized as a crucial precursor to high-impact climate variability,especially for that being indispensable to the long-term memory of the ocean.Assessing the predictability of OHC using state-of-the-art climate models is invaluable for improving and advancing climate forecasts.Recently developed retrospective forecast experiments,based on a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system,offer a great opportunity to comprehensively explore OHC predictability.Our results indicate that the skill of actual OHC predictions varies across different oceans and diminishes as the lead time of prediction extends.The spatial distribution of the actual prediction skill closely resembles the corresponding persistence skill,indicating that the persistence of OHC serves as the primary predictive signal for its predictability.The decline in actual prediction skill is more pronounced in the Indian and Atlantic oceans than in the Pacific Ocean,particularly within tropical regions.Additionally,notable seasonal variations in the actual prediction skills across different oceans align well with the phase-locking features of OHC variability.The potential predictability of OHC generally surpasses the actual prediction skill at all lead times,highlighting significant room for improvement in current OHC predictions,especially for the North Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.Achieving such improvements necessitates a collaborative effort to enhance the quality of ocean observations,develop effective data assimilation methods,and reduce model bias.

Experimental and numerical analyses of the effect of fibre content on the close-in blast performance of a UHPFRC beam

Limited research has been conducted on the influences of fiber content on close-in blasting characteristics for ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete(UHPFRC)beams.This paper aims to address this knowledge gap through experimental and mesoscale numerical methods.Experiments were conducted on ten UHPFRC beams built with varying steel fiber volumetric fractions subjected to close-in explosive conditions.Additionally,this study considered other parameters,such as the longitudinal reinforcement type and ratio.In the case of UHPFRC beams featuring normal-strength longitudinal reinforcement of diametersΦ12,Φ16,andΦ20,a reduction in maximum displacement by magnitudes of19.6%,19.5%,and 17.4%was observed,respectively,as the volumetric fractions of fiber increased from1.0%to 2.5%.In addition,increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and using high-strength steel longitudinal reinforcement both significantly reduced the deformation characteristics and increase the blasting resistances of UHPFRC beams.However,the effects on the local crushing and spalling damage were not significant.A mesoscale finite element model,which considers the impacts of fiber parameters on UHPFRC beam behaviors,was also established and well correlated with the test findings.Nevertheless,parametric analyses were further conducted to examine the impacts of the steel fiber content and length and the hybrid effects of various types of microfibers and steel fibers on the blasting performance of UHPFRC beams.

Research on the Legal Framework of Content Regulations for Network Platforms

In the era of the Internet,various network platforms have evolved into new hubs for information dissemination.Currently,China has established a platform-centered content regulation framework,wherein platforms proactively enforce content regulations in accordance with legal censorship obligations.Additionally,platform policies and user agreements augment their authority in content regulation.The platforms can achieve cost-effective and highly efficient content regulation by leveraging their strategic advantages enabled by their own technical capabilities and extensive coverage.The platform self-regulation model,however,still faces challenges.First,accurately evaluating content remains a formidable task;second,ensuring effective platform publicity through self-regulation poses difficulties;third,users may potentially face disadvantages due to the platform’s right of self-regulation;and fourth,digital copyright owners face challenges when defending digital copyright disputes under the safe harbor rule.Therefore,it is imperative to establish,review,and revise the legal framework for content regulation of network platforms in order to enhance the efficiency of their governance systems.The formulation of the legal framework for content regulation of network platforms may encompass the following aspects:rationalizing obligations pertaining to platform content regulations,enhancing supervision over platform self-regulation,and establishing a dual-track responsibility system for digital copyright content regulation.This will ensure a harmonious balance among public interests,users’personal rights and interests,and commercial benefits through regulating the content on network platforms.

Effect of phosphorus content on interfacial heat transfer and film deposition behavior during the high-temperature simulation of strip casting

The interfacial wettability and heat transfer behavior are crucial in the strip casting of high phosphorus-containing steel.A hightemperature simulation of strip casting was conducted using the droplet solidification technique with the aims to reveal the effects of phosphorus content on interfacial wettability,deposited film,and interfacial heat transfer behavior.Results showed that when the phosphorus content increased from 0.014wt%to 0.406wt%,the mushy zone enlarged,the complete solidification temperature delayed from1518.3 to 1459.4℃,the final contact angle decreased from 118.4°to 102.8°,indicating improved interfacial contact,and the maximum heat flux increased from 6.9 to 9.2 MW/m2.Increasing the phosphorus content from 0.081wt%to 0.406wt%also accelerated the film deposition rate from 1.57 to 1.73μm per test,resulting in a thickened naturally deposited film with increased thermal resistance that advanced the transition point of heat transfer from the fifth experiment to the third experiment.

A Calculation Method of Double Strength Reduction for Layered Slope Based on the Reduction of Water Content Intensity

The calculation of the factor of safety(FOS)is an important means of slope evaluation.This paper proposed an improved double strength reductionmethod(DRM)to analyze the safety of layered slopes.The physical properties of different soil layers of the slopes are different,so the single coefficient strength reduction method(SRM)is not enough to reflect the actual critical state of the slopes.Considering that the water content of the soil in the natural state is the main factor for the strength of the soil,the attenuation law of shear strength of clayey soil changing with water content is fitted.This paper also establishes the functional relationship between different reduction coefficients.Then,a USDFLD subroutine is programmed using the secondary development function of finite element software.Controlling the relationship between field variables and calculation time realizes double strength reduction applicable to the layered slope.Finally,by comparing the calculation results of different examples,it is proved that the stress and displacement distribution of the critical slope state obtained by the improved method is more realistic,and the calculated safety factor is more reliable.The newly proposedmethod considers the difference of intensity attenuation between different soil layers under natural conditions and avoids the disadvantage of the strength reduction method with uniform parameters,which provides a new idea and method for stability analysis of layered and complex slopes.

Research Progress on Purification Process, Content Determination and Pharmacological Action of Atractylodin

Atractylodis Rhizoma comes from the dry rhizome of Atractylis lancea or Atractylodes chinensis in the Compositae family,and it is suitable for preventing and treating diseases such as cold,edema,night blindness and rheumatic arthralgia.Atractylodin is the main active component extracted and isolated from Atractylodis Rhizoma.A large number of studies have found that atractylodin has excellent drug activity in improving gastrointestinal emptying,anti-inflammation,inhibiting malignant tumor and reducing blood lipid.In this paper,the purification process and pharmacological activity of Atractylodin were summarized to provide a theoretical basis for basic research,clinical application and further development and utilization of atractylodin.