Cariostat法对成年患者的龋活跃性检测的效果评价

目的 研究Cariostat检测法用于成年患者患龋风险评估的可行性,为不同年龄段成年门诊患者的龋病防治提供参考依据。方法 用Cariostat检测法对南京医科大学附属口腔医院门诊就诊的52例不同年龄段成年患者(18~24岁,25~34岁,35~44岁,45~54岁,≥55岁)进行龋活跃性检测。并按照世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》第5版的标准进行口腔检查,同时进行现场问卷调查,用于Cariogram系统评估。口腔检查包括牙列状况、患龋情况等,问卷调查包括饮食习惯、口腔保健习惯等。分析不同年龄段成年门诊患者患龋现状,用Cariostat法检测不同年龄段成年门诊患者的龋活跃性,得出其患龋风险等级,并与Cariogram系统评估的患龋风险等级进行比较,评价Cariostat检测法与Cariogram龋风险评估系统的一致性。结果 Cariostat检测法得出的不同龋风险等级的成年门诊患者低风险组与中、高风险组的龋面均有差异(P<0.05),Cariogram不同龋风险等级的成年门诊患者低风险组与中、高风险组的龋均、龋面均有差异(P<0.05);Cariostat检测法与Cariogram龋风险评估系统对成年患者龋风险等级的评估结果表明,在≥55岁组Kappa值为0.467(P<0.05),为中等一致性。结论 Cariostat检测法有利于了解成年门诊患者的龋活跃性,尤其是对55岁及以上患者更为准确有效。

Analysis of the Clinical Effect of Carisolv Minimally Invasive Gel in the Treatment of Pediatric Dental Caries

Objective:To study the clinical effect of Carisolv minimally invasive gel in the treatment of pediatric dental caries and its effect on pain.Methods:The research subjects of this paper were 113 cases of pediatric caries admitted to the hospital from April 2021 to April 2023,which were divided into two groups by the randomized table method.The control group(n=56)received the traditional dental drilling treatment method,and the observation group(n=57)applied Carisolv minimally invasive gel for treatment.The pain sensitivity and clinical efficacy as well as the emotions and adherence of the children were compared between the two groups.Results:The emotional score(ES)of children in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the Frankl Adherence Scale score was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05;the pain sensitivity of children in the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the total clinical efficacy rate of children in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Carisolv minimally invasive gel has considerable efficacy in the treatment of pediatric caries,and it can alleviate pain and improve children’s emotional state and adherence to the program.Thus,it is suitable for wide clinical applications.

0~3岁婴幼儿Cariostat龋活跃性、唾液生化指标调查及其与婴幼儿患龋情况的关系

目的调查0~3岁婴幼儿Cariostat龋活跃性、唾液生化指标水平及其与婴幼儿患龋情况的关系。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月在该院进行口腔健康检查的186例0~3岁婴幼儿作为研究对象。所有婴幼儿均接受Cariostat龋活跃性、唾液生化指标[pH值、氯离子(Cl^(-))、氨离子(NH_(4)^(+))、硝酸根离子(NO_(3)^(-))、溴离子(Br^(-))、镁离子(Mg^(2+))、钙离子(Ca^(2+))]检查,分析不同年龄段、性别婴幼儿患龋情况[患龋率、龋坏牙数(dt)、龋失补指数(dmft)]。根据是否患龋将婴幼儿分为患龋组和健康组,比较两组婴幼儿Cariostat龋活跃性、唾液生化指标水平。采用Pearson相关对Cariostat值、Cl^(-)、NH_(4)^(+)、Br^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)与dt、dmft的相关性进行分析。结果不同年龄段婴幼儿患龋率、dt、dmft比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别婴幼儿患龋率、dt、dmft比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患龋组婴幼儿Cariostat值、Cl^(-)、NH_(4)^(+)、Br^(-)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)水平均高于健康组,pH值、NO_(3)^(-)水平均低于健康组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,Cariostat值、Cl^(-)、NH_(4)^(+)、Br^(-)水平与dt、dmft均呈正相关(P<0.05),NO_(3)^(-)水平与dt、dmft呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论0~3岁婴幼儿患龋率整体偏高,并且随着年龄增长患龋率明显上升。Cariostat龋活跃性、唾液生化指标水平与婴幼儿dt、dmft密切相关,可用于临床辅助评估0~3岁婴幼儿的患龋情况。

Associated Factors of Dental Caries among Intellectually Disabled Persons in Specialized Centers of Ouagadougou

Introduction: Several studies have reported a high prevalence of dental caries among the people with intellectual disabilities. In order to identify the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral factors associated with it, we conducted a study in specialized centers welcoming subjects with intellectual disabilities in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with it among intellectually disabled in the specialized centers of Ouagadougou. Methods: The study was cross-sectional analytical. The survey took place between November 2020 and January 2021 among people with intellectual disabilities in reception centers receiving a grant from the Ministry of Women, National Solidarity, Family and Humanitarian Action. Data collection was done with a questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization (WHO) and dental caries was recorded according to WHO criteria in decayed, missing or filled teeth generating a DMF index. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the presence of dental caries. Results: A total of 193 participants were included in the study with an average age of 12.4 years ± 7.9. The overall prevalence of caries measured with the DMF index was 58.6% 95% CI [51.2 - 65.8]. It was significantly associated with female gender (OR = 4.2;95% CI [1.4 - 12.5], p = 0,01), the clinical form of mental illness (epilepsy OR = 3.8 95%;CI [1.2 - 12.7], p = 0,02, trisomy OR = 5.0;95% CI [1.1 - 22.9], p = 0,03, motor autonomy OR = 0.2 95%;CI [0.1 - 0.7], p = 0,01) and at use of toothpaste OR = 9.33;95% CI [1.05 - 82.7], p = 0,04. Conclusion: Dental caries remains a very present pathology in most people living with an intellectual disability. Also, it is necessary to put in place prevention strategies to reduce its prevalence and improve access to oral care for these people.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Modified Non- Traumatic Filling Technology in the Treatment of Pediatric Dental Caries

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of modified non-traumatic filling technology in the treatment of pediatric dental caries.Methods:Ninety-seven children with dental caries who were treated in our hospital(Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Center of Guangzhou)from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 48 cases in the experimental group and 49 in the control group.The experimental group was treated with modified non-traumatic filling techniques,while the control group was treated with conventional filling techniques.Observation indicators such as the total effectiveness of the treatment,incidence of adverse events,treatment compliance,and pain scores were analyzed after the intervention.Result:After intervention,the total effectiveness of the treatment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The treatment compliance of patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The pain score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of modified non-traumatic filling technology in the treatment of pediatric dental caries showed good therapeutic outcomes.After the intervention,the child’s symptoms were significantly alleviated,the incidence of adverse events such as filling material falling off was reduced,their compliance was improved,and the pain was relieved.This procedure is worth to be promoted for clinical application.

Research on the detection of early caries based on hyperspectral imaging

Objective:We applied hyperspectral imaging(HSI)system to distinguish early caries from soundand pigmented areas.It will provide a theoretical basis and technical support,for research anddevelopment of an instrument that could be used for screening and detection of early dentalcaries.Methods:Eighteen extracted human teeth(molars and premolars),with varying degrees ofnatural pathology and no degree of decay involving dentin were obtained.HSI system with awavelength range from 400 to 1000nm was used to obtain images of all 18 teeth containingsound,carious and pigmented areas.We compared the spectra of the wavebands at both 500 nmand 780 nm from the different tooth states,and the reflectance diference bet ween sound versuscarious lesions and sound versus pigmented areas,respectively.Results:There was a slight diference in refectance bet ween carious areas and pigmented areas at500 nm.A substantial difference was additionally noted in refectance bet ween carious areas andpigmented areas at 780 nm.Conclusion:The results have shown that the interference of tooth surface pigment can be elim-inated in the near-infrared(NIR)waveband,and the caries can be effectively identifed from the pigmented areas.Thus,it could be used to detect carious areas of teeth in place of the traditionalvisual inspection method or white light endoscopy.Clinical significance:The NIR difused light signal enables the identification of early caries frompigment and other interference,providing a reasonable detection tool for early detection andearly treatment of teeth diseases.

Application of Scanning Acoustic Microscopy for Detection of Dental Caries Lesion

Introduction: A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) is an apparatus for imaging acoustic properties. This apparatus can non-invasively and rapidly evaluate the hardness of materials in the elastic region. This device shows great potential for the diagnosis of dental caries in the clinical setting. However, since the tissue elastic modulus measured using a SAM is a property of the elastic region and the Knoop hardness is a property of the plastic region, the hardness properties differ completely. Therefore, we investigated whether the acoustic impedance measured using a SAM is related to the Knoop hardness, which is used as the standard for removal of carious dentin. Method: Polished sections were prepared from 20 extracted carious wisdom teeth. The acoustic impedance and Knoop hardness were measured for each section. In addition to comparing carious and healthy dentin in SAM images, we evaluated the difference between the carious and healthy dentin in terms of the acoustic impedance and Knoop hardness. We also evaluated the correlation between the Knoop hardness and acoustic impedance. Results: The SAM images were visualized as two-dimensional color images based on the acoustic impedance values. The mean acoustic impedance of carious dentin was significantly lower than that of healthy dentin, showing a similar trend as Knoop hardness. A strong correlation was observed between the two. Discussion: The acoustic impedance values obtained through acoustic microscopy differed significantly between carious and sound dentin. Both types of dentins were visualized using two-dimensional color images. A strong correlation was observed between the acoustic impedance value, which indicates the hardness of the elastic region, and the Knoop hardness, which indicates the hardness of the plastic region. The results of the present study indicate that acoustic impedance accurately reflects the hardness of dentin.

Caries Patterns in the Primary Dentition: Cluster Analysis of a Sample of 5,169 Arizona Children 5-59 Months of Age

Aim Cluster analysis was conducted on data from 5,169 United States （U.S.） Arizona children, age＇s 5-59-months with the goal of delineating patterns of caries in the primary dentition of pre-school children without a priori pattern definitions. Methodology Cluster analyses were conducted using all data for children ages 0-4 years in aggregate： 1） for all subjects, and 2） for subjects without crowned restored teeth. Each of these two sets of analyses consisted of 8 differently specified cluster analyses as a validation procedure. Results The caries patterns identified from the clustering analysis are： 1） smooth surfaces （other than the maxillary incisor）, 2） maxillary incisor, 3） occlusal surfaces of first molars, and 4） pit and fissure surfaces of second molars. Conclusion The cluster analysis findings were consistent with results produced by multidimensional scaling. These cross-validated patterns may represent resulting disease conditions from different risks or the timing of various risk factor exposures. As such, the patterns may be useful case definitions for caries risk factor investigations in children under 60 months of age.

A Comparative Study on the Efficacy between Minimally Invasive Caries Removal Technique involving Carisolv and Traditional Mechanical Caries Removal in Treating Dental Caries in Children

Objective:To explore the curative effect of Carisolv,a minimally invasive caries removal technique and traditional mechanical caries removal treatment on children’s dental caries.Methods:A total of 97 children with dental caries who were treated in the Department of Stomatology in Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University,Chifeng from September 2017 to May 2019 were selected and recruited as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups by random number table method.Forty-nine individuals were assigned in the control group while the remaining 48 individuals in the observation group.The control group was treated with traditional mechanical caries removal method,and the observation group was treated with minimally invasive caries removal technique,i.e.Carisolv.Both groups were followed up for six months.The degree of pain,recovery time of dental function and complications after six months of treatment were observed in the two groups of children.Results:During the treatment,compared with the control group,the children in the observation group experienced lower degree of pain and had shorter recovery time of dental function.After six months of treatment,the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with traditional mechanical caries removal method,Carisolv,a minimally invasive caries removal technique could reduce the pain of children during the treatment process,shorten the time to restore dental function,reduce the occurrence of complications,and had a better therapeutic effect in treating children’s dental caries.

CARIS HPD软件制作长江电子航道图源数据技术方法

以数字化、信息化和智能化为特点的数字长江,是实现长江航运现代化的重要支撑。随着长江航道数字化建设步伐的加快,长江电子航道图的应用需求日益广泛。结合1.0版本长江电子航道图制作实践体会,对电子航道图制作软件CARIS HPD的体系结构及电子航道图源数据的制作方法进行阐述,并对实际生产中存在的问题进行探讨。

Carisolv去腐对155例牙科畏惧症患儿影响的观察

目的比较Carisolv去腐和传统车针去腐对牙科畏惧症患儿的影响。方法选择门诊龋齿患儿300例,其中采用Carisolv去腐155例,传统车针去腐145例,比较2组患儿的CFSS-DS评分值、术中行为分级、疼痛情况和去腐时间。结果 2组患儿CFSS-DS评分值治疗前无显著性差异,治疗后有显著性差异;2组患儿术中行为分级、疼痛率和去腐时间均有显著性差异。结论 Carisolv去腐可有效缓解儿童对牙科的畏惧,值得临床推广。

在CARIS HIPS中实现多潮位站水位改正

多波束测深系统以其高精度、宽覆盖的作业特点在海道测量中得到了广泛的应用,但多年来,多验潮站的潮位改正问题成为制约其在大区域应用的瓶颈。主要阐述了在最为常用的多波束数据后处理软件CARIS HIPS中如何实现多验潮站潮位改正,并以条带测量区域为例验证了其精度。

Cariostat与龋蚀现状及发展的关系

目的 应用Cariostat法研究龋齿现状和龋齿的进展速度。方法 对 4 18名中学生从初中一年级至三年级连续两年进行龋蚀状况的追踪检查 ,并在初中三年级时测定龋蚀活跃度。结果 龋蚀活跃度与各年龋均均有高度相关性 ;龋蚀活跃度各级下之患龋率有极显著差异 ;龋蚀活跃度与两年龋均增加值亦有高度正相关性 ,与一年龋均增加值有正相关性。

Carisolv化学机械去龋技术治疗乳牙龋病效果的系统评价

目的：评价Carisolv化学机械去龋技术治疗乳牙龋病的临床疗效。方法：计算机检索cochrane图书馆（2009年第2期）、PubMed（1966～2009）、MEDLINE（1966～2009）、Embase（1966～2009）、CBM（1978～2009）、CNKI（1989～2009）、VIP（1989～2009），同时采用手工检索相关资料，纳入Carisolv化学机械去龋技术与传统机械去龋比较治疗乳牙龋病的临床随机对照试验。按Cochrane系统评价方法评价纳入研究的质量，对同质研究采用RevMan5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入5个随机对照试验，合计162例病人，272个乳牙。结果显示：与传统手用去龋器械比较，Carisolv化学机械去龋技术去龋时疼痛程度较轻，对龋损去除效果、去龋时间、病人接受程度及术后并发症发生率的影响，两种方法差异无统计学意义。与传统机用器械的比较，Carisolv与高速涡轮机联合去龋法对龋损去除效果的差异无统计学意义；但Carisolv的去龋时间较长[WDM=3．09，95％CI（2．38，3．80）]；而疼痛程度[RR=0．62，95％CI（0．42，0．90）]及病人接受度，Carisolv优于高速涡轮机联合去龋法。与慢速涡轮机联合去龋法的比较，Carisolv 15min内的龋损去净效率低[RR=0．61，95％CI（0．47，0．78）]；去龋时间较长[WDM=6．69，95％CI（5．77，7．61）]；但是，对于去龋的疼痛程度和病人的接受程度，两种方法差异无统计学意义。机用器械组中仅有1个研究进行了术后半年的随访，结果显示两种去龋方法术后并发症的发生率差异没有统计学意义。结论：Carisolv化学机械去龋技术治疗乳牙龋病能够有效去除龋损组织，但其去龋时间较长且去龋效率低于传统机用器械。Carisolv去龋引起的疼痛程度及病人的接受程度优于传统高速机用去龋器械，但无异于手用或慢速机用器械。由于本系统评价纳入研究的数量和质量有限，上述结论尚需开展更多大样本、设计良好、指标全面的临床随机对照试验来进一步验证。

Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment

Early childhood caries （ECC） is a term used to describe dental caries in children aged 6 years or younger. Oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sorbrinus, are considered to be the main etiological agents of tooth decay in children. Other bacteria, such as Prevotella spp. and Lactobacillus spp., and fungus, that is, Candida albicans, are related to the development and progression of ECC. Biomolecules in saliva, mainly proteins, affect the survival of oral microorganisms by multiple innate defensive mechanisms, thus modulating the oral microflora. Therefore, the protein composition of saliva can be a sensitive indicator for dental health. Resistance or susceptibility to caries may be significantly correlated with alterations in salivary protein components. Some oral microorganisms and saliva proteins may serve as useful biomarkers in predicting the risk and prognosis of caries. Current research has generated abundant information that contributes to a better understanding of the roles of microorganisms and salivary proteins in ECC occurrence and prevention. This review summarizes the microorganisms that cause caries and tooth-protective salivary proteins with their potential as functional biomarkers for ECC risk assessment. The identification of biomarkers for children at high risk of ECC is not only critical for early diagnosis but also important for preventing and treating the disease.

应用Cariogram系统评估龋病风险的研究进展

龋病是一种严重影响口腔健康的常见病和多发病。研究发现身体差异和生活习惯等原因使个体间患龋风险不同。因此通过预测个体患龋风险可以有针对性采取预防手段,以达到最佳防龋效果。Cariogram系统是应用最为广泛的龋病风险预测系统,本研究就Cariogram系统应用、评估效果以及不足之处等方面作一综述。

Carisolv化学机械去龋临床应用效果的初步评价

目的评价Carisolv化学机械去龋临床应用效果。方法选取100个中、深龋恒牙等分为2组,实验组用Carisolv化学机械法去龋,对照组用慢速球钻去龋,记录去龋时间、医患双方对患者术中疼痛反应的评价等。结果2组去龋时间分别是(6.17±1.92)min、(2.83±0.93)min,以Carisolv组为长(P<0.01);去龋术中疼痛感以Carisolv组较小(P<0.01)。结论Cari-solv化学机械去龋法是龋病治疗中一个可供选择的方法。

伢典(Carisolv)治疗老年人根面龋的临床研究

目的:观察伢典(Carisolv)去腐法治疗老年人根面龋的疗效及对老年人血压、心率、治疗心理反应的影响。方法:选择老年根面龋患者64例,随机分为伢典(Carisolv)治疗组和对照组。伢典(Carisolv)治疗组30例,采用伢典(Carisolv)去腐法治疗患牙;对照组34例,采用传统牙钻去腐法治疗患牙,比较2种方法的治疗效果,并且去腐前后测量患者血压、心率及了解患者对治疗的心理反应,采用统计学方法进行比较。结果:2组患者治疗1年后复查,成功率无统计学差异(P>0.05);2组患者去腐治疗前后血压、心率的变化及对治疗的心理反应有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:伢典(Carisolv)对老年人根面龋的治疗安全、有效,可大大降低患者对口腔治疗的紧张和恐惧,有利于维护老年人的牙齿健康。

Carisolv化学机械去腐技术对微拉伸粘拉力的影响

目的比较恒牙牙本质龋采用Carisolv化学机械法和使用球钻的传统方法去腐后的窝洞和树脂充填材料之间的微拉伸粘接力的大小。方法将新鲜拔除的且有冠部牙本质龋的28颗恒牙随机分为两组,每组14颗,一组使用Carisolv化学机械法去腐,另一组用慢速球钻去腐。去净腐质后,每颗牙用Singlebond粘接剂粘接,3M通用树脂充填。样本置于37℃生理盐水中保存24小时,沿粘接界面较平坦处切取截面大小约0.5mm×1.5mm的小柱,施以1mm/min的拉伸速度,测量并计算单位面积的微拉伸粘接力。结果Carisolv组(20.9±3.6MPa)和球钻组(21.5±4.3MPa)的微拉伸粘接力差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论Carisolv的使用不影响牙本质和树脂的粘接力。

Caries-related factors and bacterial composition of supragingival plaques in caries free and caries active Algerian adults

Objective: To compare oral hygiene practices, education and social background, food intake and oral malodor of Algerian adults suffering from dental caries with normal controls, and to determine and compare the bacterial composition of the supragingival plaques from the above-mentioned groups.Methods: Participants completed a questionnaire and were clinically examined for dental caries using decayed, missing and filled teeth index according to the criteria laid down by the World Health Organization. Supragingival plaque samples were collected from 50 caries-free adults(CF) and 50 caries-active adults(CA). Standard procedures of culture and identification of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were used. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results: A total of 117 bacterial strains were isolated from supragingival plaques in CF group subjects, 76(64.96%) of them belonged to 9 aerobic genera, and 41(35.04%) to 9anaerobic genera(P < 0.05). While in the second group, 199 strains were isolated, 119(59.80%) of the strains belonged to 10 aerobic genera and 80(40.20%) to 10 anaerobic bacteria(P < 0.05). Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecium, Aerococcus viridans,Actinomyces meyeri, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Eubacterium limosum showed a significantly higher prevalence in the CA group(P < 0.05). The findings revealed that CA group had a high sugar intake(80%). A significantly higher frequency of tooth brushing(P < 0.000) and a significantly less self-reported oral malodor(P < 0.000) and tooth pain(P < 0.000) were found in CF group, while there was no association of socioeconomic levels and intake of meal snacks with dental caries.Conclusions: This study confirms the association of some aciduric bacteria with caries formation, and a direct association of sugar intake and cultural level with dental caries.Furthermore, oral hygiene practices minimize the prevalence of tooth decay.