Blockade of CD300A enhances the ability of human NK cells to lyse hematologic malignancies

Objective: The human cluster of differentiation(CD)300A, a type-I transmembrane protein with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, was investigated as a potential immune checkpoint for human natural killer(NK) cells targeting hematologic malignancies(HMs).Methods: We implemented a stimulation system involving the CD300A ligand, phosphatidylserine(PS), exposed to the outer surface of malignant cells. Additionally, we utilized CD300A overexpression, a CD300A blocking system, and a xenotransplantation model to evaluate the impact of CD300A on NK cell efficacy against HMs in in vitro and in vivo settings. Furthermore, we explored the association between CD300A and HM progression in patients.Results: Our findings indicated that PS hampers the function of NK cells. Increased CD300A expression inhibited HM lysis by NK cells. CD300A overexpression shortened the survival of HM-xenografted mice by impairing transplanted NK cells. Blocking PS–CD300A signals with antibodies significantly amplified the expression of lysis function-related proteins and effector cytokines in NK cells, thereby augmenting the ability to lyse HMs. Clinically, heightened CD300A expression correlated with shorter survival and an “exhausted” phenotype of intratumoral NK cells in patients with HMs or solid tumors.Conclusions: These results propose CD300A as a potential target for invigorating NK cell-based treatments against HMs.

Identification of prognostic molecular subtypes and model based on CD8+ T cells for lung adenocarcinoma

Background:Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CD8+T)cells function critically in mediating anti-tumor immune response in cancer patients.Characterizing the specific functions of CD8+T cells in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)could help better understand local anti-tumor immune responses and estimate the effect of immunotherapy.Methods:Gens related to CD8+T cells were identified by cluster analysis based on the single-cell sequencing data of three LUAD tissues and their paired normal tissues.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),consensus clustering,differential expression analysis,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and Cox regression analysis were conducted to classify molecular subtypes for LUAD and to develop a risk model using prognostic genes related to CD8+T cells.Expression of the genes in the prognostic model,their effects on tumor cell invasion,and interactions with CD8+T cells were verified by cell experiments.Results:This study defined two LUAD clusters(CD8+0 and CD8+1)based on CD8+T cells,with cluster CD8+0 being significantly associated with the prognosis of LUAD.Three heterogeneous subtypes(clusters 1,2,and 3)differing in prognosis,genome mutation events,and immune status were categorized using 42 prognostic genes.A prognostic model created based on 11 significant genes(including CD200R1,CLEC17A,ZC3H12D,GNG7,SNX30,CDCP1,NEIL3,IGF2BP1,RHOV,ABCC2,and KRT81)was able to independently estimate the death risk for patients in different LUAD cohorts.Moreover,the model also showed general applicability in external validation cohorts.Low-risk patients could benefit more from taking immunotherapy and were significantly related to the resistance to anticancer drugs.The results from cell experiments demonstrated that the expression of CD200R1,CLEC17A,ZC3H12D,GNG7,and SNX30 was significantly downregulated,while that of CDCP1,NEIL3,IGF2BP1,RHOV,ABCC2 and KRT81 was upregulated in LUAD cells.Inhibition of CD200R1 greatly increased the invasiveness of the LUAD cells,but inhibiting CDCP1 expression weakened the invasion ability of LUAD cells.Conclusion:This study defined two prognostic CD8+T cell clusters and classified three heterogeneous molecular subtypes for LUAD.A prognostic model predictive of the potential effects of immunotherapy on LUAD patients was developed.

Repetitive administration of cultured human CD34+cells improve adenine-induced kidney injury in mice

BACKGROUND There is no established treatment to impede the progression or restore kidney function in human chronic kidney disease(CKD).AIM To examine the efficacy of cultured human CD34+cells with enhanced proliferating potential in kidney injury in mice.METHODS Human umbilical cord blood(UCB)-derived CD34+cells were incubated for one week in vasculogenic conditioning medium.Vasculogenic culture significantly increased the number of CD34+cells and their ability to form endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units.Adenineinduced tubulointerstitial injury of the kidney was induced in immunodeficient non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice,and cultured human UCB-CD34+cells were administered at a dose of 1×106/mouse on days 7,14,and 21 after the start of adenine diet.RESULTS Repetitive administration of cultured UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved the time-course of kidney dysfunction in the cell therapy group compared with that in the control group.Both interstitial fibrosis and tubular damage were significantly reduced in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.01).Microvasculature integrity was significantly preserved(P<0.01)and macrophage infiltration into kidney tissue was dramatically decreased in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Early intervention using human cultured CD34+cells significantly improved the progression of tubulointerstitial kidney injury.Repetitive administration of cultured human UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved tubulointerstitial damage in adenine-induced kidney injury in mice via vasculoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.

CD34^(+)细胞数对单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的影响

背景:单倍体造血干细胞移植与较高的植入功能不良相关,因此经常要求更高的CD34^(+)细胞数量,但现有研究关于异基因造血干细胞移植CD34+细胞剂量和研究终点关系的结论是有争议的。目的:探究CD34^(+)细胞数对单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液疾病临床结果的影响。方法:纳入2019年1月至2021年12月期间于郑州大学第一附属医院造血干细胞移植中心行单倍体造血干细胞移植的恶性血液病患者,总计135例。结合既往研究结果及移植中心经验,以CD34+细胞数5.0×10^(6)/kg为截止点,将队列分为2组。评估两组的移植物植入情况、复发率及非复发死亡率、总生存期和无进展生存期等相关临床指标。结果与结论:①CD34+细胞剂量与血小板的植入相关,高剂量组血小板的植入时间早于低剂量组(14 d vs.16 d,P=0.013)。②两组患者3年总生存期无显著差异(67.5%vs.53.8%,P=0.257);两组间的无进展生存期也无显著性差异(65.6%vs.44.2%,P=0.106),但根据疾病风险指数(DRI)进行分层分析后发现低危患者高剂量组的3年无进展生存期较低剂量组升高(72.0%vs.49.3%,P=0.036)。③高剂量组3年累积复发率小于低剂量组(16.0%vs.33.5%,P=0.05)。④两组100 d内非复发死亡率高剂量组大于低剂量组,但无显著差异(17.3%vs.6.7%,P=0.070);进行分层分析发现,高危患者中高剂量组100 d内非复发死亡率明显高于低剂量组(20.0%vs.3.3%,P=0.046)。⑤综上所述,输注>5.0×10^(6)/kg的CD34^(+)细胞可促进血小板早期植入,可改善移植中低危风险患者的3年无进展生存期,并且降低移植后累积复发率;但在高危患者中,高剂量CD34+细胞导致移植后100 d内的非复发死亡率增高,考虑可能与移植后早期重度急性移植物抗宿主病的发生增多相关,因此考虑对回输高剂量CD34+细胞的患者应加强移植物抗宿主病的监测。

外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)Tcells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性分析

目的 探讨外周血CD4^(+)程序性细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性。方法 选取30例复发性卵巢癌患者为复发组,30例未复发卵巢癌患者为非复发组;另选取30名同期体检健康者作为对照组。评估外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性。结果 复发组和非复发组的CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells较对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。复发组和非复发组的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。复发组治疗后CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)Tcells显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗后CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量显著高于治疗前(P<0.05)。CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells与复发性卵巢癌疗效成负相关(r=-0.393,P=0.039),CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效成正相关(r=0.449,P=0.031)。结论 复发性卵巢癌患者外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与疗效密切相关。

浅表性CD34阳性纤维母细胞肿瘤6例临床病理分析及文献复习

目的探讨浅表性CD34阳性纤维母细胞肿瘤(superficial CD34 positive fibroblastic tumors,SCPFT)的临床病理特点、免疫表型、诊断和鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析6例SCPFT,行常规HE染色、免疫组化EliVision法染色。应用FISH法检测PRDM10基因断裂情况,并复习相关文献资料。结果6例SCPFT患者中,男性2例、女性4例。其中4例肿块位于下肢皮下,1例位于下腹部,另1例位于外阴。镜检:肿瘤细胞排列呈束状、实片状,细胞核明显多形性或畸形,核仁明显,可见核内假包涵体,胞质嗜酸性,部分区域细胞呈上皮样,未见核分裂象,间质散在少量炎细胞,免疫表型:肿瘤细胞弥漫强表达CD34和INI1,部分细胞表达CK(AE1/AE3),不表达SMA、CD68、desmin、S-100、CD31和ERG,Ki67增殖指数低于3%。FISH检测:4例SCPFT行FISH检测,其中3例PRDM10呈阳性。结论SCPFT是新近报道的一种软组织肿瘤,具有交界性或低度恶性生物学行为,诊断需与多种CD34阳性的软组织肿瘤相鉴别,避免过度诊断及治疗。

Bcl-2与CD34在基底细胞癌和毛发上皮瘤中的表达及意义

目的:探讨B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(Bcl-2)和集落分化抗原34(CD34)在基底细胞癌和毛发上皮瘤中的表达及意义。方法:选取2008年1月—2023年9月常熟市第五人民医院收治的基底细胞癌和毛发上皮瘤143例,根据不同疾病类型将患者分成毛发上皮瘤组(n=85)和基底细胞癌组(n=58),对所有患者进行免疫组化检查,比较Bcl-2与CD34在不同疾病中的表达。结果:基底细胞癌组Bcl-2表达的阳性率为100.00%,CD34表达的阳性率为0.00%,毛发上皮瘤组Bcl-2表达的阳性率为89.41%,CD34表达的阳性率为13.48%,两组Bcl-2表达阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Bcl-2在基底细胞癌诊断中的敏感度高于CD34,特异度低于CD34,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两种检查方式在基底细胞癌诊断中的准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Bcl-2在毛发上皮瘤诊断中的敏感度高于CD34,特异度低于CD34,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两种检查方式的准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Bcl-2在基底细胞癌和毛发上皮瘤中呈高表达,在疾病的鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。CD34基底细胞癌中不表达,在毛发上皮瘤呈低表达,对于疾病的诊断和鉴别无显著意义。

Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Constructing a Prognostic Model Based on CD8+T Cell-Related Immune Genes

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)poses a significant challenge for treatment efficacy.CD8+T cells,which are pivotal immune cells,can be effectively analyzed for differential gene expression across diverse cell populations owing to rapid advancements in sequencing technology.By leveraging these genes,our objective was to develop a prognostic model that accurately predicts the prognosis of patients with TNBC and their responsiveness to immunotherapy.Methods Sample information and clinical data of TNBC were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas and METABRIC databases.In the initial stage,we identified 67 differentially expressed genes associated with immune response in CD8+T cells.Subsequently,we narrowed our focus to three key genes,namely CXCL13,GBP2,and GZMB,which were used to construct a prognostic model.The accuracy of the model was assessed using the validation set data and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Furthermore,we employed various methods,including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway,immune infiltration,and correlation analyses with CD274(PD-L1)to explore the model's predictive efficacy in immunotherapeutic responses.Additionally,we investigated the potential underlying biological pathways that contribute to divergent treatment responses.Results We successfully developed a model capable of predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC.The areas under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival predictions were 0.618,0.652,and 0.826,respectively.Employing this risk model,we stratified the samples into high-and low-risk groups.Through KEGG enrichment analysis,we observed that the high-risk group predominantly exhibited enrichment in metabolism-related pathways such as drug and chlorophyll metabolism,whereas the low-risk group demonstrated significant enrichment in cytokine pathways.Furthermore,immune landscape analysis revealed noteworthy variations between(PD-L1)expression and risk scores,indicating that our model effectively predicted the response of patients to immune-based treatments.Conclusion Our study demonstrates the potential of CXCL13,GBP2,and GZMB as prognostic indicators of clinical outcomes and immunotherapy responses in patients with TNBC.These findings provide valuable insights and novel avenues for developing immunotherapeutic approaches targeting TNBC.

Donor-derived CD 19 CAR-T Cells versus Chemotherapy Plus Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Treatment of Recurrent CD 19-positive B-ALL after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)versus chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion(chemo-DLI)for treating relapsed CD 19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with B-ALL who relapsed after allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-two patients were treated with CAR-T cells(CAR-T group),and 21 with chemotherapy plus DLI(chemo-DLI group).The complete remission(CR)and minimal residual disease(MRD)-negative CR rates,leukemia-free survival(LFS)rate,overall survival(OS)rate,and incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD),cytokine release syndrome(CRS)and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS)were compared between the two groups.Results:The CR and MRD-negative CR rates in the CAR-T group(77.3%and 61.5%)were significantly higher than those in the chemo-DLI group(38.1%and 23.8%)(P=0.008 and P=0.003).The 1-and 2-year LFS rates in the CAR-T group were superior to those in the chemo-DLI group:54.5%and 50.0%vs.9.5%and 4.8%(P=0.0001 and P=0.00004).The 1-and 2-year OS rates in the CAR-T versus chemo-DLI group were 59.1%and 54.5%vs.19%and 9.5%(P=0.011 and P=0.003).Six patients(28.6%)with grade 2-4 aGVHD were identified in the chemo-DLI group.Two patients(9.1%)in the CAR-T group developed grade 1-2 aGVHD.Nineteen patients(86.4%)developed CRS in the CAR-T group,comprising grade 1-2 CRS in 13 patients(59.1%)and grade 3 CRS in 6 patients(27.3%).Two patients(9.1%)developed grade 1-2 ICANS.Conclusion:Donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy may be better,safer,and more effective than chemo-DLI for B-ALL patients who relapse after allo-HSCT.

Revolutionizing tumor immunotherapy:unleashing the power of progenitor exhausted T cells

In exploring persistent infections and malignancies, a distinctive subgroup of CD8^(+) T cells, progenitor exhausted CD8^(+) T(Tpex) cells, has been identified. These Tpex cells are notable for their remarkable self-renewal and rapid proliferation abilities. Recent strides in immunotherapy have demonstrated that Tpex cells expand and differentiate into responsive exhausted CD8^(+) T cells, thus underscoring their critical role in the immunotherapeutic retort. Clinical examinations have further clarified a robust positive correlation between the proportional abundance of Tpex cells and enhanced clinical prognosis. Tpex cells have found noteworthy applications in the formulation of inventive immunotherapeutic approaches against tumors. This review describes the functions of Tpex cells in the tumor milieu, particularly their potential utility in tumor immunotherapy. Precisely directing Tpex cells may be essential to achieving successful outcomes in immunotherapy against tumors.

THE EFFECT OF STEM CELL FACTOR, INTERLEUKIN-6 AND ERYTHROPOIETIN ON EXPANSION OF CD34^+ CELLS FROM HUMAN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD

CD34+ cells from human umbilical cord blood were purified by Dynal beads M-450 CD34 immunoselection system and cultured in the presence of various cytokines alone or in combination, including stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (EPO). The results revealed that: (D In methylcellulose culture, the plating efficiencies of purified cord blood CD34+ cells were much different when stimulated by various cytokines. IL-6 alone had the lowest colo-ny yield, while the combination of SCF, IL-6 and EPO had the highest yield. ② In the suspension culture, IL-6 alone or IL-6 + EPO had little expanding effect on cord blood CD34+ celis, the other cytokine combinations could expand cord blood CD34+ celis at different Ievels. Among them, the combination of SCF, IL-6 and EPO had the maximal expanding effect on cord blood CD34+ celis, the number of progenitor celis peaked at day 21, about 29-fold increase and nucleated celis increased approximately 3676-fold at day 28. The expanding effect of

CD34和S100共表达的ALK重排皮肤梭形细胞肿瘤2例及文献复习

目的报道2例具有独特形态学特征、CD34和S100共表达的间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)重排皮肤梭形细胞肿瘤,以提高临床医师对该类软组织梭形细胞肿瘤的认识。方法收集2例外院会诊的病例,采用免疫组化EnVision二步法检测肿瘤中vimentin、ALK(D5F3)、BCL2、CD34及Ki-67的表达情况。1例使用荧光原位杂交(FISH)法断裂探针、1例通过二代测序(NGS)检测ALK基因重排。结果形态学上,肿瘤细胞由温和的梭形细胞或卵圆形细胞构成,呈束状或漩涡状排列,间质玻璃样变及黏液变性,可见较多开放的血管腔。该类肿瘤同时表达CD34和S100,存在ALK基因重排。结论2例CD34和S100共表达的ALK重排皮肤梭形细胞肿瘤具有独特的形态学,具有相同的免疫组化表达及分子特征,与NTRK重排梭形细胞肿瘤具有相似的临床病理学特征。

高频彩超结合血清CD34、Tg、VEGF诊断甲状腺癌的临床价值

目的分析高频彩超结合血清细胞表面的唾液黏蛋白(CD)34、甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)、血管内皮生成因子(VEGF)诊断甲状腺癌的临床价值。方法选取2018年1月至2023年10月医院收治的50例疑似甲状腺癌患者,均采用高频彩超诊断,并检测Tg、VEGF、CD34表达。以手术病理结果为金标准,分为良性组与恶性组,分析对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。结果恶性组收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、阻力指数(RI)高于良性组,血流分级3级占比率高于良性组,纵横比>1、内部微钙化、后方衰减占比率均高于良性组(P<0.05)。恶性组血清Tg、VEGF、CD34表达水平均高于良性组(P<0.05)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)后,高频彩超结合血清Tg、VEGF、CD34预测甲状腺癌的灵敏度(93.30%)、特异度(92.50%)均高于单一指标(P<0.05)。结论高频彩超结合血清CD34、Tg、VEGF表达诊断甲状腺癌的临床价值较高。

Genetic modification of miR-34a enhances efficacy of transplanted human dental pulp stem cells after ischemic stroke

Human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs) promote recovery after ischemic stro ke;however,the therapeutic efficacy is limited by the poor survival of transplanted cells.For in vitro expe riments in the present study,we used oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in hDPSCs to mimic cell damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion.We found that miRNA-34a-5p(miR-34a) was elevated under oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation conditions in hDPSCs.Inhibition of miR-34a facilitated the prolife ration and antioxidant capacity and reduced the apoptosis of hDPSCs.Moreove r,dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed WNT1and SIRT1 as the targets of miR-34a.In miR-34a knockdown cell lines,WNT1 suppression reduced cell prolife ration,and SIRT1 suppression decreased the antioxidant capacity.Togethe r,these results indicated that miR-34a regulates cell prolife ration and antioxidant stress via targeting WNT1 and SIRT1,respectively.For in vivo expe riments,we injected genetically modified hDPSCs(anti34a-hDPSCs) into the brains of mice.We found that anti34a-hDPSCs significantly inhibited apoptosis,reduced cerebral edema and cerebral infarct volume,and improved motor function in mice.This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of the cell prolife ration and antioxidant capacity of hDPSCs,and suggests a potential gene that can be targeted to improve the survival rate and efficacy of transplanted hDPSCs in brain after ischemic stroke.

Quercetin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced senescence in rat nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1 axis

BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD)is a main contributor to low back pain.Oxidative stress,which is highly associated with the progression of IDD,increases senescence of nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells(NPMSCs)and weakens the differentiation ability of NPMSCs in degenerated intervertebral discs(IVDs).Quercetin(Que)has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress in diverse degenerative diseases.AIM To investigate the role of Que in oxidative stress-induced NPMSC damage and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.METHODS In vitro,NPMSCs were isolated from rat tails.Senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal)staining,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS),realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),immunofluorescence,and western blot analyses were used to evaluated the protective effects of Que.Meanwhile the relationship between miR-34a-5p and Sirtuins 1(SIRT1)was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay.To explore whether Que modulates tert-butyl hydroperoxide(TBHP)-induced senescence of NPMSCs via the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1 pathway,we used adenovirus vectors to overexpress and downregulate the expression of miR-34a-5p and used SIRT1 siRNA to knockdown SIRT1 expression.In vivo,a puncture-induced rat IDD model was constructed,and X rays and histological analysis were used to assess whether Que could alleviate IDD in vivo.RESULTS We found that TBHP can cause NPMSCs senescence changes,such as reduced cell proliferation ability,increased SA-β-Gal activity,cell cycle arrest,the accumulation of ROS,and increased expression of senescence-related proteins.While abovementioned senescence indicators were significantly alleviated by Que treatment.Que decreased the expression levels of senescence-related proteins(p16,p21,and p53)and senescence-associated secreted phenotype(SASP),including IL-1β,IL-6,and MMP-13,and it increased the expression of SIRT1.In addition,the protective effects of Que on cell senescence were partially reversed by miR-34a-5p overexpression and SIRT1 knockdown.In vivo,X-ray,and histological analyses indicated that Que alleviated IDD in a punctureinduced rat model.CONCLUSION In summary,the present study provides evidence that Que reduces oxidative stress-induced senescence of NPMSCs via the miR-34a/SIRT1 signaling pathway,suggesting that Que may be a potential agent for the treatment of IDD.

IL-12、IL-15在急性髓系白血病患者骨髓来源CD34+白血病细胞转化为NK细胞中的作用机制研究

分析IL-12、IL-15在急性髓系白血病患者骨髓来源CD34+白血病细胞转化为NK细胞中的作用机制。方法:选取本院2021年12月~2022年12月期间收治的30例急性髓系白血病患者,提取患者BM-MNC,构建NK细胞诱导体系,A组加入SCF、IL-7、IL-12、IL-15,B组加SCF、IL-7、IL-2、IL-15。5周诱导分化结束后,对NK细胞活化情况进行检测。对NK细胞相关基因表达水平进行实时定量PCR检测,取K562细胞和患者来源原代白血病细胞分别作为靶细胞,取培养第5周的A、B组的NK细胞作为效应细胞,对NK细胞杀伤活性进行检测。结果:诱导分化前,BM-MNC中NK细胞和CD34+细胞所占比例分别为(0.46±0.11)%、(80.35±5.12)%。诱导分化后,A组NK细胞所占比例明显高于B组(P<0.05);但两组CD34 细胞所占比例组间差异不明显(P>0.05)。A组CD69+、Kp46+、NKG2D+表达比例均明显高于B组(P<0.05)。经组间差异检验,B组GranzymeB、TNF-α和IFN-y基因相对表达水平均显著低于A组(P<0.05)。对两组NK细胞对不同效靶比K562细胞与患者来源细胞的杀伤率进行统计和比较,结果显示,在不同的效靶比下,NK细胞对本组K562细胞以及骨髓血来源白血病细胞的杀伤率均存在一定的差异。其中,均呈现出效靶比越大,相应的杀伤率越高的特点。对两组NK细胞在同一效靶比下对不同细胞的杀伤情况进行比较,可知,对患者来源细胞的杀伤率均明显高于K562细胞(P<0.05)。开展组间比较,结果显示在同一效靶比下,A组细胞组合对K562细胞以及患者来源细胞的杀伤率均显著高于B组(P<0.05)。结论:IL-12、IL-15细胞因子组合可体外诱导分化CD34+白血病细胞为NK细胞,且具有一定的杀伤活性。

Subgroups of peripheral immune effector cells in cervical cancer patients are more sensitive to radiation therapy than chemotherapy

Background:CD8 positive T lymphocytes and natural killer(NK)cells in the peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients exhibit varying sensitivities to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 50 healthy peoples and 60 cervical cancer patients were recruited.The patients with cervical cancer were separated into two groups:radiation and chemotherapy,and blood sample were collected before and after treatment.Data on the proportion of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells were gathered for analytical evaluation.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,patients with cervical cancer exhibit a reduced proportion of CD8 positive T cells within their peripheral blood.And for patients with cervical cancer,radiation therapy has been found to be more effective than chemotherapy in increasing the proportion of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells.Conclusions:These results suggest that radiation therapy increases the levels of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells within the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer.The study hypothesis that the changes in the percentage of CD8 positive T lymphocytes may serve as a potential indicator for predicting treatment efficacy.

TNFSF15 facilitates the differentiation of CD11b^(+) myeloid cells into vascular pericytes in tumors

Objective:Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth,drug resistance,and cancer cell dissemination.We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15(TNFSF15)is a cytokine with important roles in modulating hematopoiesis and vascular homeostasis.The main purpose of this study was to explore whether TNFSF15 might promote freshly isolated myeloid cells to differentiate into CD11b^(+) cells and further into pericytes.Methods:A model of Lewis lung cancer was established in mice with red fluorescent bone marrow.After TNFSF15 treatment,CD11b^(+) myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in the tumors,and the co-localization of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells,were assessed.Additionally,CD11b^(+) cells were isolated from wild-type mice and treated with TNFSF15 to determine the effects on the differentiation of these cells.Results:We observed elevated percentages of bone marrow-derived CD11b^(+)myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in TNFSF15-treated tumors,and the latter cells co-localized with vascular endothelial cells.TNFSF15 protected against CD11b^(+)cell apoptosis and facilitated the differentiation of these cells into pericytes by down-regulating Wnt3a-VEGFR1 and up-regulating CD49e-FN signaling pathways.Conclusions:TNFSF15 facilitates the production of CD11b^(+) cells in the bone marrow and promotes the differentiation of these cells into pericytes,which may stabilize the tumor neovasculature.

MBD2 promotes Th2 differentiation in ovalbumin-induced CD4+T cells

Introduction:Allergen-specific CD4+T cells play a central role in autoimmune disorders,allergies and asthma,with Th2-type immunity being the typical functional response of CD4+T cells.This study aimed to investigate the role of MBD2 in regulating Th2 cell differentiation.Methods:Splenic mononuclear cells were extracted from C57BL/6 mice,and CD4+T cells were isolated using magnetic beads and confirmed through flow cytometry.Lentivirus was employed to construct MBD2-silenced CD4+T cells.In vitro experiments were performed to treat splenogenic mononuclear cells and CD4+T cells with Ovalbumin(OVA),and Th2 cell ratios and IL-4 levels were assessed using flow cytometry and ELISA.Results:The purity of the isolated CD4+T cells was 95.73%,confirming successful isolation of primary CD4+T cells.Compared to the control group,the Th2 cell ratio exhibited an increase in the Th2-induced group.Treatment with 5-Aza(concentrations,1-100μM)promoted Th2 cell differentiation and increased IL-4 levels.Notably,when combined with Th2 induction and 10μM 5-Aza treatment,silencing MBD2 further amplified Th2 cell ratios and elevated IL-4 levels in cell supernatants.Furthermore,OVA(concentration,200μg/mL)induced the differentiation of CD4+T cells into Th2 cells and increased IL-4 secretion.Interestingly,silencing MBD2 significantly increased the Th2 cell ratio and IL-4 levels in OVA-treated CD4+T cells.Conclusion:In summary,OVA promoted CD4+T cell differentiation into Th2 cells and enhanced IL-4 levels.MBD2 was identified as a mediator of Th2 cell differentiation in splenic-derived CD4+T cells,influenced by OVA or 5-Aza treatment.

Peripheral CD4^(+)CD8^(+) double positive T cells:A potential marker to evaluate renal impairment susceptibility during systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus nephritis(LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double positive T(DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment(SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome(NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group(t=4.012, P<0.001), NS group(t=3.240,P=0.001), and nephritis group(t=2.57, P=0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times(95% confidence interval, 2.115–12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.