非小细胞肺癌不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及其与Th17/CD4^(+)T细胞的关系

目的:研究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及其与Th17/CD4^(+)T细胞的关系。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年12月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院收治的104例NSCLC恶性胸腔积液患者作为研究对象,根据胸腔积液量分为3组:少量胸腔积液组(35例)、中量胸腔积液组(42例)、大量胸腔积液组(27例)。根据患者疾病实际发展转归分为预后良好组(29例未出现复发和转移)和预后不良组(75例出现复发和转移)。另选取同期于福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院治疗的60例肺炎良性胸腔积液患者作为对照组。实时荧光定量PCR检测两组胸腔积液中MEG3表达。收集受试者外周静脉血,流式细胞术检测外周血Th17细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞比例,并计算Th17/CD4^(+)T。对比各组患者lncRNA MEG3及外周血Th17、CD4^(+)T细胞水平。Logistic回归分析NSCLC胸腔积液及预后的影响因素。结果:NSCLC组胸腔积液lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于对照组,Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于对照组(P<0.05)。大量胸腔积液组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于少量胸腔积液组、中量胸腔积液组,中量胸腔积液组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T细胞百分比低于少量胸腔积液组,大量胸腔积液组Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于少量胸腔积液组、中量胸腔积液组,中量胸腔积液组Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于少量胸腔积液组(P<0.05)。预后不良组lncRNA MEG3表达及CD4^(+)T百分比低于预后良好组,而Th17细胞百分比、Th17/CD4^(+)T高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC胸腔积液的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素(P<0.05);lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC预后的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:NSCLC不同胸腔积液严重程度及预后患者lncRNA MEG3表达及Th17/CD4^(+)T不同,且lncRNA MEG3为NSCLC胸腔积液及预后的保护因素,Th17/CD4^(+)T为危险因素,可作为胸腔积液严重程度及预后诊断的有效生物标志物。

(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究

目的探讨(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究。方法回顾性选取我院2020年1月—2022年6月住院的120例艾滋病患者为研究对象。依据实验室结果,将其分为马尔尼菲篮状菌感染确诊组(血或组织液培育养出马尔尼菲篮状菌),简称A组(62例),及马尔尼菲篮状菌感染临床诊断组[根据临床症状、体征、血常规及(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标诊断],简称B组(58例)。检测患者(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(receiver-operating characteristic,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估上述指标联合检测对艾滋病患者感染马尔尼菲篮状菌的诊断效能。结果A组的(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖和PCT水平均高于B组,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞个数低于B组(P<0.05);(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC为0.933,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖单独检测的AUC是0.812,PCT单独检测的AUC为0.883,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞单独检测的AUC是0.810,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC皆优于三项单独检测,表明(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的诊断价值皆优于单一指标诊断,且联合检测的特异度、约登指数分别为92.43%和0.580,均高于三项单独检测。结论(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标对艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常高的临床诊断价值,能够帮助医生分析出高危风险患者,及时制定治疗方案,同时也承担预后效果的判断依据,对治疗艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常重要的研究价值。

LncRNA LINC01137通过诱导CD8^(+)T细胞耗竭促进非小细胞肺癌进展的机制研究

目的研究长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)LINC01137在非小细胞肺癌(nonsmall cell lung cancer,NSCLC)免疫逃逸中的生物学功能及其潜在的调节机制。方法采集24例健康志愿者和24例NSCLC患者血液样本,并收集NSCLC肿瘤组织和癌旁组织检测LINC01137水平。利用Starbase数据库预测LINC01137与miR-22-3p的结合位点,荧光素酶报告基因分析进行验证。采用A549细胞来源的外泌体和/或sh-LINC01137干扰序列转染A549细胞,检测细胞增殖和侵袭能力;收集转染后的细胞上清液培养CD8^(+)T细胞,检测CD8^(+)T细胞耗竭标志物干扰素-γ(interfereron-γ,IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、颗粒霉素B(granzyme B)和白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)水平,以及PD-1+Tim3^(+)CD8^(+)T细胞百分比。采用外泌体和/或miR-22-3p模拟物(miR-22-3p mimic)转染CD8^(+)T细胞,检测PD-1蛋白水平。结果与癌旁组织相比,NSCLC肿瘤组织中LINC01137表达(3.357±0.548 vs 1.011±0.371)明显升高;与健康志愿者相比,NSCLC患者外周血LINC01137表达(3.216±0.342 vs 1.007±0.313)亦明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=-17.367,-17.147,均P<0.001)。肿瘤组织LINC01137表达与外周血中LINC01137表达呈正相关(r=0.755,P<0.05)。在A549细胞来源的外泌体中LINC01137显著富集。与Exo+sh-NC组相比,Exo+sh-LINC01137组细胞活力(65.852%±4.715%vs 100.153%±11.934%)及细胞侵袭(21.464%±3.481%vs 43.126%±1.447%)能力显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.630,9.953,均P<0.01)。NSCLC患者外周血中LINC01137表达和CD8^(+)T细胞百分比呈负相关(r=-0.520,P<0.05)。与Exo+sh-NC组相比,Exo+sh-LINC01137组IFN-γ(3865.314±543.852 pg/ml vs 1786.971±105.982 pg/ml),TNF-α(4631.930±510.715pg/ml vs 1973.242±379.623pg/ml),Granzyme B(3876.496±312.438pg/ml vs 1879.439±287.584pg/ml)和IL-2 mRNA水平(3.286±0.437 vs 1.015±0.314)升高,PD-1+Tim3^(+)CD8^(+)T细胞百分比(7.680%±2.185%vs 18.952%±3.216%)降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=-6.497,-7.237,-8.146,-7.310,5.021,均P<0.01)。miR-22-3p是LINC01137的靶基因。与Exo+NC mimic组相比,Exo+miR-22-3p组PD-1蛋白水平(0.384±0.087 vs 1.003±0.147)显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t=6.277,P<0.01)。结论NSCLC患者肿瘤组织及外周血中LINC01137表达显著上调;NSCLC细胞来源的外泌体中LINC01137通过靶向CD8^(+)T细胞中miR-22-3p并抑制其表达,诱导CD8^(+)T细胞耗竭,促进NSCLC细胞免疫逃逸。

miR-155/GATA3/CD4^(+)T细胞通路对变应性鼻炎发病机制的调控

变应性鼻炎(AR)指具有特异性体质的个体第二次接触相同致敏原后立即触发由免疫球蛋白E介导的Ⅰ型变态反应,其发病机制尚未明确,与多种基因、免疫细胞、细胞因子等密切相关。随着分子生物学和第二代基因测序技术快速发展,AR发病机制研究逐步深化、精准。研究发现miR-155和转录因子GATA3对AR发生发展有重要调控作用,进而影响CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的优势分化趋势和ILC2增生。本文主要以miR-155/GATA3通路为中心,探讨相关上游基因和下游调控物质对AR发病机制的影响并进行综述。

LAG3对多房棘球蚴感染小鼠模型CD8^(+)T细胞免疫功能调节作用的研究

目的研究淋巴细胞激活基因3(Lymphocyte activation gene 3,LAG3)对多房棘球蚴慢性感染小鼠CD8^(+)T细胞免疫功能的调节作用。方法取C57BL/6野生型(Wild-type,WT)和LAG3缺陷型(Knock-out,KO)小鼠各10只,每只小鼠经肝门静脉接种3000个多房棘球蚴原头节建立多房棘球蚴感染模型。感染12周后,分别取两组小鼠肝脏和脾脏组织,采用苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色观察肝脏病灶周围炎性细胞浸润和病理表现,通过免疫组织化学观察肝脏病灶周围“炎症微环境”与脾脏中CD8^(+)T的比例。收集两组小鼠肝脏与脾脏淋巴细胞,采用流式细胞术筛选不同CD8^(+)T细胞亚群,检测CD8^(+)T细胞、效应记忆CD8^(+)T细胞(Effector memory CD8^(+)T cell,CD8^(+)Tem)、中心记忆CD8^(+)T细胞(Central memory CD8^(+)T cell,CD8^(+)Tcm)、初始CD8^(+)T细胞(Naive CD8^(+)T cell,CD8^(+)Tn)比例与绝对数,以及分泌细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)和白细胞介素17A(IL-17A)的比例。通过多房棘球蚴虫体蛋白体外刺激两组小鼠肝脏淋巴细胞,采用流式细胞术检测CD8^(+)T细胞分泌细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-10和IL-17A的比例。结果HE染色结果显示,与野生型小鼠比较,LAG3缺陷型小鼠肝脏形成的炎性病灶数量增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学结果显示,与野生型小鼠比较,LAG3缺陷型小鼠肝脏病灶周围CD8^(+)T细胞募集升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LAG3缺陷型小鼠脾脏CD8^(+)T细胞募集有降低的趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。流式细胞术结果显示,与野生型小鼠比较,LAG3缺陷型小鼠肝脏效应记忆型CD8^(+)T细胞比例有升高的趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脾脏CD8^(+)T细胞比例降低,脾脏CD8^(+)Tem表型比例升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。LAG3缺陷型小鼠肝脏和脾脏CD8^(+)T细胞分泌TNF-α和IL-10能力均增强,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多房棘球蚴的虫体蛋白体外刺激肝脏淋巴细胞实验结果显示,与野生型小鼠比较,LAG3缺陷型小鼠CD8^(+)T细胞分泌IFN-γ、IL-10比例升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);LAG3缺陷型小鼠CD8^(+)T细胞分泌IL-17A的能力有升高趋势(P>0.05)。结论在小鼠多房棘球蚴慢性感染中,LAG3可抑制肝脏和脾脏CD8^(+)T细胞免疫应答能力,调节炎症反应。

CD3^(+)/CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值在放射性肺炎中的预测价值

目的探讨CD3^(+)/CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)在放射性肺炎中的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2018年3月至2024年3月本院收治的局部晚期非小细胞肺癌者87例相关资料,其中发生放射性肺炎者43例,未发生放射性肺炎者44例,比较两组放射治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群、NLR水平变化,统计T淋巴细胞亚群、NLR在肺癌放疗后放射性肺炎中的诊断价值,分析T淋巴细胞亚群、NLR与放射线肺炎分级严重程度的相关性,绘制T淋巴细胞亚群、NLR预测肺癌放疗后放射性肺炎的ROC曲线,并计算其AUC面积。结果放疗后发生组CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平显著低于放疗前且低于放疗后未发生组(P<0.05),放疗后发生组NLR显著高于放疗前且显著高于放疗后未发生组(P<0.05),CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞与NLR联合诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度以及阴性预测值、阳性预测值均高于NLR,且高于CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞,CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平变化与放射性肺炎分级严重程度之间呈负相关(P<0.05),NLR变化与放射性肺炎分级严重程度之间呈正相关(P<0.05),CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞与NLR联合检测预测肺癌放疗后放射性肺炎的AUC面积为0.924,大于CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞与NLR单独检测者。结论CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和NLR联合检测,对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌接受放射治疗后出现放射性肺炎中具有较理想的诊断和预测价值,可作为临床早期诊断和预防放射性肺炎的指标,而得以应用推广。

1种用于分离猪肠道CD3^(+)T细胞方法的建立

CD3^(+)T细胞是猪肠道免疫系统的重要组成部分,对肠道病毒感染研究具有重要价值。该研究开发了一种采用磁珠富集手段从猪小肠组织中分离原代CD3^(+)T细胞的方法。该方法将为研究猪肠道免疫系统功能提供合适的细胞模型,还可加速抗病毒药物和疫苗研发。

外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)Tcells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性分析

目的 探讨外周血CD4^(+)程序性细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性。方法 选取30例复发性卵巢癌患者为复发组,30例未复发卵巢癌患者为非复发组;另选取30名同期体检健康者作为对照组。评估外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效的相关性。结果 复发组和非复发组的CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells较对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。复发组和非复发组的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。复发组治疗后CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)Tcells显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗后CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量显著高于治疗前(P<0.05)。CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells与复发性卵巢癌疗效成负相关(r=-0.393,P=0.039),CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与复发性卵巢癌疗效成正相关(r=0.449,P=0.031)。结论 复发性卵巢癌患者外周血CD4^(+)PD-1^(+)T cells及CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞ATP含量与疗效密切相关。

胸腺肽联合奥沙利铂对NSCLC合并恶性胸腔积液患者外周血CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平的影响

探究胸腺肽联合奥沙利铂对非小细胞型肺癌(NSCLC)合并恶性胸腔积液(MPE)患者外周血CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平的影响。方法:纳入2019年1月~2022年1月来天津市蓟州区人民医院化疗的82例NSCLC合并MPE患者采用随机数字表法分为单一组和联合组各41例,入院后两组患者均给予常规科内治疗,在此基础上单一组采用奥沙利铂,联合组采用奥沙利铂+胸腺肽。化疗8 w后比较两组临床疗效,两组化疗前后免疫功能指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))水平以及胸腔积液中炎症因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)],两组不良反应发生情况。结果:化疗后联合组总有效率以及疾病控制率(DCR)明显高于单一组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗前两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),化疗后联合组上述数据明显高于单一组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗后,两组患者胸腔积液中IL-6、TNF-α水平明显低于化疗前,且联合组明显低于单一组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗后,联合组胃肠道反应及骨髓抑制发生率明显低于单一组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用胸腺肽联合奥沙利铂治疗NSCLC合并MPE患者临床疗效显著,对患者机体免疫功能有增强作用,且安全性较高。

外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平联合检测在变应性鼻炎严重程度鉴别中的诊断效能

目的:分析外周血CD8^(+)、正五聚蛋白3(PTX3)和脂氧素A4(LXA4)水平联合检测在变应性鼻炎严重程度鉴别中的诊断效能。方法:选取2022年8月至2023年8月该院收治的100例变应性鼻炎患者,设为观察组,另选取同期100名健康体检者,设为对照组。比较两组CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平,并将变应性鼻炎患者按不同严重程度分为轻度患者、中-重度患者,比较轻度与中-重度患者外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平;分析外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平单项及联合检测在变应性鼻炎轻度与中-重度鉴别中的诊断效能。结果:观察组外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中-重度患者外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平均高于轻度患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平单项及联合检测诊断变应性鼻炎中-重度的曲线下面积分别为0.675、0.664、0.673、0.936,联合检测诊断效能最高。结论:外周血CD8^(+)、PTX3、LXA4水平联合检测在变应性鼻炎轻度与中-重度鉴别中的诊断效能高于三者单项检测。

Foxp^(3+)调节性T细胞、CD19^(+)调节性B细胞水平与浸润性乳腺癌患者临床病理参数、免疫功能指标的相关性研究

目的探讨Foxp^(3+)调节性T细胞(Treg)、CD19^(+)调节性B细胞(Breg)水平与浸润性乳腺癌(IBCA)患者临床病理参数、免疫功能指标的相关性,为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取2019年5月至2022年12月江苏盛泽医院收治的231例IBCA患者为IBCA组,另选取同期收治的116例乳腺纤维腺瘤、导管内乳头状瘤、导管上皮内瘤变患者为非IBCA组,进行回顾性分析。收集IBCA组患者临床资料,比较两组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg、CD19^(+)Breg、免疫功能指标水平,分析IBCA组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg、CD19^(+)Breg水平在不同病理参数乳腺癌中的表达情况,分析IBCA组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg、CD19^(+)Breg水平与临床病理参数、免疫功能指标的相关性。结果231例IBCA患者中,雌激素受体(ER)阳性181例,孕激素受体(PR)阳性130例,Ki67蛋白阳性率≥15%104例,Luminal A型97例,Luminal B型88例,HER2阳性15例,三阴乳腺癌(TNBC)31例。两组患者细胞毒性T(Tc)细胞、B细胞水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。IBCA组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg、CD19^(+)Breg、自然杀伤(NK)细胞水平均高于非IBCA组;辅助性T(Th)细胞水平、T细胞水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞比值均低于非IBCA组(均P<0.05)。IBCA组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg在Ki-67蛋白阳性乳腺癌、Luminal B型乳腺癌、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌、TNBC中均差异表达(均P<0.05);CD19^(+)Breg在Luminal B型乳腺癌、HER2阳性乳腺癌、TNBC中均差异表达(均P<0.05)。IBCA组患者Foxp^(3+)Treg水平与Ki67蛋白阳性率、Luminal B型、HER2阳性、TNBC、NK细胞水平均呈正相关,与Th细胞水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值均呈负相关;CD19^(+)Breg水平与Luminal B型、HER2阳性、TNBC、NK细胞水平均呈正相关,与Th细胞水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值均呈负相关。结论IBCA患者外周血中Foxp^(3+)Treg、CD19^(+)Breg水平的升高与IBCA分子亚型相关,且存在免疫功能障碍,表现为NK细胞水平上升,Th细胞水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值下降。在IBCA患者的综合治疗中,合理调节免疫功能,有助于延缓疾病进展,改善预后。

Peripheral CD4^(+)CD8^(+) double positive T cells:A potential marker to evaluate renal impairment susceptibility during systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus nephritis(LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double positive T(DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment(SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome(NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group(t=4.012, P<0.001), NS group(t=3.240,P=0.001), and nephritis group(t=2.57, P=0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times(95% confidence interval, 2.115–12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.

Analysis of CD4^+CD25^+ Regulatory T Cells and Foxp3 mRNA in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Asthma

The changes of CD4^＋CD25^＋ regulatory T cells （CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg） and Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） from patients with asthma were investigated in order to elucidate the possible roles of CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg in the development of asthma. The peripheral blood samples were collected from 29 healthy controls （normal control group） and 78 patients with asthma which included 30 patients in exacerbation group, 25 patients in persistent group, and 23 patients in remission group. By using flow cytometry and RT-PCR, the CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg ratio and Foxp3 mRNA in PBMCs were detected. The CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg ratio and Foxp3 mRNA in PBMCs of exacerbation and persistent groups were lower than that of remission and normal control groups （P〈0.05）. Although the CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg ratio and Foxp3 mRNA of remission group were also lower than that of normal control group, there was no significant difference between them （P〉0.05）. As compared with persistent group, exacerbation group had lower CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg ratio and Foxp3 mRNA （P〈0.05）. It was indicated that the decrease of CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg ratio and its function in PBMCs may be responsible for pathogenesis of asthma.

Expression of Caspase－3 in Cord Blood CD34^＋ Cells during Culture in vitro

Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of caspase-3 protein in CD34^+ cells from cord blood (CB) during culture in vitro with different growth factors. Methods: RT-PCR, Western blot and flow cytometry techniques were used to detect the expression of caspase-3 in CD34^+ CB cells during culture in vitro. Results: Caspase-3 mRNA was constitutively expressed at a low level in freshly isolated CD34^+ cells. The expression of caspase-3 mRNA and protein was upregulated when these cellswere first expanded in suspension culture with growth factors for 3 days. However, only the 32 kDa inactive caspase-3 proenzyme was detected in the freshly isolated CD34^+ cells as well as during the first 3 days expansion with cytokines. With longer culture time in vitro, especially in the presence of the combination of IL-3, IL-6 and GM-CSF, caspase-3 was activated and a cleavage product of 20 kDa became detectable.Conclusion: Caspase-3 is involved in apoptosis of primitive CB CD34^+ cells during expansion in vitro.

Increase of CD4^+CD25^+ T cells in Smad3^(-/-) mice

AIM： To investigate the changes of lymphocyte subpopulations, especially CD4^＋CD25^ T regulatory cells in Smad3^-/- mice. METHODS： Hematological changes and changes of lymphocyte subpopulations were detected in Smad3＂/- mice using cell counter and flow cytometry, respectively, and compared to their littermate controls. RESULTS： The numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes in peripheral blood were significantly increased in Smad3^-/- mice compared to littermate controls. CD19^＋ expressing cells in blood and spleen, and CD8^＋ T cells in thymus were all markedly decreased in Smad3^-/- mice. More important, Smad3^-/- mice had an increased population of CD4^＋CD25^＋ T cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues, including thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. CONCLUSION： These observations suggest that the changes of lymphocyte subpopulations might play a role in susceptibility to inflammation of Smad3^-/- mice.

CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞计数联合早期预警评分对重症肺炎患者28 d死亡风险的预测价值

目的 分析CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞计数联合早期预警评分(EWS)预测重症肺炎患者28 d死亡风险的价值。方法 选取2020年6月—2021年5月天津市中医药研究院附属医院收治的78例重症肺炎患者为研究对象。根据患者28 d后生存状况,将其分为死亡组与存活组,比较两组CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、EWS评分及其他临床指标,行一般多因素Logistic回归分析,筛查重症肺炎患者28 d死亡的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析CD3^(+)T淋巴细胞计数、EWS评分预测重症肺炎患者28 d死亡的价值。结果 死亡组入院时SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、EWS评分高于存活组(P <0.05),死亡组ICU住院时间、机械通气时间长于存活组(P <0.05),死亡组入院时CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)及CD8^(+)少于存活组(P <0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,死亡组患者入院时外周血CD3^(+)与EWS评分呈负相关(r=-0.422,P=0.000),CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)与EWS评分无相关性(r=-0.113、-0.122和-0.171,P=0.684、0.682和0.661)。ROC曲线结果表明,入院时CD3(^(+)敏感性为73.9%,特异性为81.1%)、EWS评分(敏感性为91.3%,特异性为54.7%)预测重症肺炎患者28 d死亡效能较好,且两者联合应用可有效提高各指标单独应用效能(敏感性为78.3%,特异性为77.4%)。一般多因素Logistic回归分析结果:入院时EWS评分[O^R=1.701(95%CI:1.347,2.147)]、入院时APACHEⅡ评分[O^R=1.578(95%CI:1.284,1.938)]、ICU住院时间[O^R=1.399(95%CI:1.095,1.788)]、机械通气时间[O^R=1.335(95%CI:1.155,1.543)]是重症肺炎患者28 d死亡的危险因素(P <0.05);入院时外周血CD3^(+)[O^R=0.679(95%CI:0.556,0.829)]是重症肺炎患者28 d死亡的保护因素(P <0.05)。结论 入院时EWS评分、外周血T淋巴细胞亚群中CD3^(+)联合预测重症肺炎患者28 d死亡效能较好,可作为临床评估患者预后的新指标,且入院时EWS评分也是导致重症肺炎患者28 d死亡的危险因素,CD3^(+)是其保护因素。

Immunotherapy of rat glioma without accumulation of CD4^+CD25^+FOXP3^+ regulatory T cells

Immunotherapy may be used for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme; however, the induced immune response is inadequate when either T cells or dendritic cells are used alone. In this study we established a novel vaccine procedure in rats, using dendritic cells pulsed with C6 tumor cell lysates in combination with adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes from syngenic donors. On day 21 after tumor inoculation, all the rats were sacrificed, the brains were harvested for calculation of glioma volume, cytolytic T lymphocyte responses were measured by cytotoxic assay, and the frequency of regulatory T lymphocytes （CD4＋CD25~FOXP3~） in the peripheral blood was investigated by flow cytometric analysis. The survival rate of rats bearing C6 glioma was observed. Results showed that the co-immunization strategy had significant anti-tumor potential against the pre-established C6 glioma, and induced a strong cytolytic T lymphocyte response in rats. The frequency of peripheral blood CD4＊CD25＊FOXP3＊ regulatory T lymphocytes was significantly decreased following the combination therapy, and the rats survived for a longer period. Experimental findings indicate that the combined immunotherapy of glioma cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination following adoptive transfer of T cells can effectively inhibit the growth of gliomas in rats, boost anti-tumor immunity and produce a sustained immune response while avoiding the accumulation of CD4＋CD25＋FOXP3＋ regulatory r lymphocytes.

Effect of Homoharringtonine on Bone Morrow CD34^+CD7^+ Cells in Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia

Objective： To explore the effect of homoharringtonine （HHT） on bone morrow CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells in chronic granulocytic leukemia （CGL）. Methods： The changes of bone morrow CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells were observed after the treatment of HHT in 23 cases with CGL. The proliferation and apoptosis of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells treated with HHT in vitro were studied. Results： The proportion of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells in CGL （0.145±0.021） was higher than that of normal control （0.052±0.013）. The proportion of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells in patients who got cytogenetic responses to HHT （0.072±0.020） decreased remarkably, but not in those patients who did not got cytogenetic responses to HHT, （0.137±0.023）. the proliferation of CD34^＋ cells was inhibited and the proportion of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells decreased after cultured with HHT （0.134 in 24 h, 0.126 in 48 h and 0.102 in 72）. The apoptosis rate of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells was higher than that in CD34^＋CDT cells （35.39%±4.39% versus 24.57%±4.01%, P〈0.05） 72 h after culture with HHT. Conclusion： The proportion of CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells in CGL was higher than that of normal control and HHT may inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of bone marrow CD34^＋CD7^＋ cells.

Research on the effects of CD137 signaling on the function of CD3^-CD56^+NK cells

Objective： To investigate the effects of CD137 signaling on the regulation of CD3-CD56＋NK cells function. Methods： CD3 CD56＋NK cells were treated with CD137 mAb or mouse IgG 1 isotype control to study the effects of CD 137 signaling on the function of CD3-CD56＋NK cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by LDH activity in the supernatants of cell cultures; NKG2D and LFA-I expression on CD3-CD56＋NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results： CD137 was expressed on activated CD3-CD56＋NK cells. The CD137 mAb enhanced the ability of CDB-CD56＋NK cells to kill lung cancer cells（A549）; Further studies revealed that the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1 was significantly increased in activated cells, and blockade of NKG2D and LFA-1 dramatically attenuated CD3CD56＋NK cytolysis of A549 cancer cells. Conclusion： CD 137 signaling increases the ability of CD3-CD56＋NK cells to kill cancer cells via up- regulating the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1.

Tim-3靶向CD8^(+)T细胞调控TNF-α/IL-22/STAT3通路加重自身免疫性肝炎小鼠肝损伤

目的探讨T细胞免疫球蛋白和黏蛋白结构域的分子3(Tim-3)对自身免疫性肝炎的影响及其机制。方法将30只小鼠分为3组:空白组、模型组和模型+Tim-3阻断组,每组10只。空白组经尾静脉注射等量生理盐水;其他两组尾静脉注射10 mg/kg刀豆蛋白A建立自身免疫性肝炎小鼠模型,造模成功后模型+Tim-3阻断组每天1次腹腔内注射液0.1 mg/ml Tim-3,注射7 d。HE染色观察小鼠肝组织病理改变;全自动生化分析仪检测血清AST、ALT;酶联免疫吸附法检测IL-22、TNF-α水平;流式细胞分析肝组织CD8^(+)T比例;实时荧光定量PCR检测肝组织Tim-3、IL-22、TNF-α、STAT3 mRNA相对表达;免疫印迹试验检测肝组织Tim-3、IL-22、TNF-α、STAT3蛋白相对表达。结果空白组小鼠肝脏组织无变化;模型组肝脏组织大面积性肝炎;模型+Tim-3阻断组见显著淋巴细胞浸润与大量空泡。与空白组比较,模型组和模型+Tim-3阻断组ALT、AST、IL-22、TNF-α水平均升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,模型+Tim-3阻断组ALT、AST、IL-22、TNF-α水平升高(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组和模型+Tim-3阻断组CD8^(+)T细胞比例表达均升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,模型+Tim-3阻断组CD8^(+)T细胞比例下降(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组和模型+Tim-3阻断组Tim-3、IL-22、TNFα、STAT3 mRNA及蛋白表达均升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,模型+Tim-3阻断组Tim-3 mRNA及蛋白表达下降,IL-22、TNF-α、STAT3 mRNA及蛋白相对表达升高(P<0.05)。结论阻断Tim-3可下调CD8^(+)T细胞,促进TNF-α/IL-22/STAT3炎症信号表达,加重自身免疫性肝炎小鼠肝损伤。