CD34+ dermal dendritic cells and mucin deposition in dermatomyositis

Dermal mucinosis is often associated with collagen diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis, in addition to autoimmune thyroiditis. We report eight cases of dermal mucin deposition secondary to typical dermatomyositis with cutaneous lesions known as heliotrope rash and Gottron's papules. Striking mucin deposition was observed in both the papillary dermis and reticular dermis of all biopsy specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD34+ dermal dendritic cells(DDCs) in the perilesional area in combination with vimentin+ cells within the mucinous lesion might be important in giving rise to abnormal deposition of dermal mucin. On the other hand, numbers of factor ⅩⅢa+ DDCs and tryptase+ mast cells were reduced within and surrounding the mucin deposition, as compared with those in the dermis of normal controls. A pathogenic mechanism of dermal mucin deposition is proposed.

Establishment and molecular characterization of human dermal mesenchymal-like stem cells derived from human scalp biopsy of androgenetic alopecia patient

Development of Dermal cell line has great scope in the field of skin related diseases and regenerative medicine. Alopecia leads to a skin disorder causing balding and its mechanism is not yet understood. In the present study, we have developed and characterized a heterogeneous population of human dermal mesenchymal-like stem cell line from scalp biopsy of androgenetic alopecia patient with a view to isolate cells from the bulge region of the hair follicle. Our study showed that the dermal cells isolated from dermis of skin showed epithelial-like cells expressing CD34 and Keratin 18, which are characteristic of bulge hair follicle cells. These cells also expressed mesenchymal phenotypes and pluripotency markers such as Oct4, Nanog and SOX2. These cells were designated as “Human Dermal Mesenchymal-like Stem Cells (hDMSCs)”. To confirm their epithelial phenotypes, we have grown these cells at low serum concentration and it was observed that 3% serum concentration provided optimum conditions for their growth and maintenance of characteristics. The hDMSCs cells are presently at passage 10. This study reports the establishment of human dermal mesenchymal-like cell line from the dermis of Alopecia patient, which may be used as an in vitro model system to study the mechanism of Alopecia and other related skin disorders.

黄芪联合川芎嗪减少游离真皮脂肪瓣体积损失的作用及机制研究

目的:研究中药黄芪联合川芎嗪在减少游离真皮脂肪瓣体积损失中的作用及其机理,探索最佳的辅助用药方案。方法:将80只雌性SD大鼠腹部的游离真皮脂肪瓣移植到胸部,成功建模。随后将大鼠分成4组(每组20只):对照组,每天腹腔注射生理盐水;黄芪注射液组,每天腹腔注射黄芪注射液(2 g/mL);川芎嗪注射液组,每天腹腔注射川芎嗪注射液(2.4 mg/mL);黄芪+川芎嗪组,每天腹腔注射含有黄芪注射液和川芎嗪注射液1:1的混合液,持续4周。每组在术后即刻、1周、2周和4周取出移植物,测定各时间点真皮脂肪瓣的重量和厚度、氧化损伤程度,并测定血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)和高度糖基化的I型跨膜糖蛋白(CD34)的表达。结果:所有给药组都能增加游离真皮脂肪瓣的重量和厚度(P<0.001),提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性,并降低真皮脂肪中丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05);所有给药组在第4周都显著增加了游离真皮脂肪瓣组织VEGF的表达,其中黄芪注射液联合川芎嗪注射液显著增加了CD34的表达(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪注射液和川芎嗪注射液有助于促使新生血管的形成,减少皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤,有助于延缓真皮游离脂肪萎缩。在体积维持上,黄芪注射液和川芎嗪注射液联合应用效果最佳。

1例徽章样真皮树突细胞错构瘤组织病理特征分析

目的探讨1例徽章样真皮树突细胞错构瘤患儿的临床表现及组织病理特征。方法2021年11月广东医科大学附属医院诊治徽章样真皮树突细胞错构瘤患儿1例,男,2岁,以“右臀部褐红色斑块2年”为主诉入院。患儿右臀部可见数片萎缩性斑块,皮损最大约4.0 cm×3.5 cm,形状不规则,呈红褐色,质地坚实,表面光滑,边界较清,部分皮损融合,中部萎缩,轻度压痛。完善体表超声检查和盆腔MRI检查后行手术治疗,术后行组织病理、免疫组织化学检查及COL1A1-PDGFB融合基因、PRDM10断裂基因检查。随访1年观察肿瘤复发情况。结果术前体表超声检查提示血管瘤可能。盆腔MRI检查可见右侧臀部皮下异常信号灶,T_(1)WI低信号、T_(2)WI压脂信号影,增强扫描明显强化,大小约19 mm×10 mm×23 mm,边界清晰,形态规则,考虑肿瘤性病变。全身麻醉下完整切除肿瘤。术后组织病理检查结果显示表皮大致正常,真皮中上层可见大量梭形成纤维细胞带状浸润,梭形肿瘤细胞与表皮平行分布,未累及真皮乳头层,细胞形态较为均一,部分呈胖梭形,异型性不明显,核分裂象少见,肿瘤细胞间可见较多肥大细胞散在分布及扩张的小血管,局部可见梭形细胞向皮下脂肪层浸润,肿瘤区域附属器结构完整,间质胶原化明显;免疫组织化学结果显示CD34、vimentin、CD117肥大细胞阳性,CD31、CD68、S-100、Melan-A、Desmin、SMA、EMA、ERG、SOX-10、STAT-6、h-Caldesmon、Calponin、FⅩⅢa、CK-pan、CD21、CD23阴性,Ki-67≥10%;COL1A1-PDGFB融合基因、PRDM10断裂基因阴性;诊断为徽章样真皮树突细胞错构瘤。随访至2023年1月,未见肿瘤复发。结论徽章样真皮树突细胞错构瘤组织病理特征与良性成纤维细胞肿瘤近似,肿瘤细胞带状浸润,CD34阳性,而对其他血管、肌源性、神经及黑素细胞等标志物均不敏感。