ABSTRACT： CD98 has been described to play a crucial role in tumor progression and survival. However, the role of CD98 in biliary tract cancer remains unclear. We found that 36.7% of all patients with biliary tract ca...ABSTRACT： CD98 has been described to play a crucial role in tumor progression and survival. However, the role of CD98 in biliary tract cancer remains unclear. We found that 36.7% of all patients with biliary tract cancer had a high CD98 expression. Statistical analysis using Spearman＇s rank correlation showed that CD98 was significantly correlated with L-type amino acid transporter 1 （LAT1, r=0.562, P〈0.001）, Ki-67 （r=0.230, P=0.006） and CD34 （r=0.290, P=0.005）. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a high CD98 expression was an independent prognostic factor for predicting poor outcome. CD98 is closely associated with tumor growth, biological aggressiveness, and survival of patients. With these data we proposed that CD98 expression is necessary for the development and pathogenesis of biliary tract cancer.展开更多
CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about it...CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about its function on T lymphocyte mediated immune response to alloantigen. Here we report that we successfully deleted CD98hc in T cells by crossing mice bearing a loxP-flanked Slc3a2 allele with those expressing Cre re-combinase in T cells（CD4-Cre+）.T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc resulted in lower responses to alloantigen stimulation in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay.Heterotopic cardiac grafting was then performed from BALB/c（H-2K<sup>d</sup>） to CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> /C57BL/6（H-2K<sup>b</sup>） or control littermate C57BL/6 （B6） mice.We found that all CD98hc<sup>lox/</sup>-CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients had indefinite survival（MST:】100days, n=8）.In contrast,all littermate B6 recipients suffered acute rejection[MST:（7.4±0.5）d,n=12].In addition,the survival of the skin grafts from donor BALB/c mice to more than postoperative day （POD） 100 heart-bearing tolerant CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4- Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients was significantly prolonged[MST: （15.2±2.2）d,n =5]compared that of the B6 mice [MST:（8.2±1.3）d,n=9].In consistent with graft survival, we found that the graft infiltration cells on POD7 were fewer than that of the B6 mice by FACS and immune-staining analysis.Also chemotaxis assay data revealed that the migrated CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte were less than that of B6 in the presence of different concentration of chemokines CCL2, CCL5,and CCL2 plus CCL5.In addition,a neutralizing antibody（clone 26-24）specific against CD98hc prolonged the graft survival[MST:（13.4±2.7）d,n=8; P=0.001]in the B6 recipients after they received the BALB/c mice heart.Hence our data indicated that T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc impaired proliferate in response to alloantigens and decreased migration ability result in inducing immune tolerance after cardiac transplantation.Moreover,the application of the blocked of CD98hc by monoclonal antibody is effective in the treatment of acute cardiac allograft rejection, which may be useful clinically in the future.展开更多
Regulatory T cell(Treg)stability is necessary for the proper control of immune activity and tissue homeostasis.However,it remains unclear whether Treg stability must be continually reinforced or is established during ...Regulatory T cell(Treg)stability is necessary for the proper control of immune activity and tissue homeostasis.However,it remains unclear whether Treg stability must be continually reinforced or is established during development under physiological conditions.Foxp3 has been characterized as a central mediator of the genetic program that governs Treg stability.Here,we demonstrate that to maintain Foxp3 protein expression,Tregs require cell-to-cell contact,which is mediated by the CD147-CD98 interaction.As Tregs are produced,CD147,which is expressed on their surface,is stimulated by CD98,which is widely expressed in the physiological environment.As a result,CD147’s intracellular domain binds to CDK2 and retains it near the membrane,leading to Foxp3 dephosphorylation and the prevention of Foxp3 degradation.In addition,the optimal distribution of Foxp3+Tregs under both pathological and physiological conditions depends on CD98 expression.Thus,our study provides direct evidence that Foxp3-dependent Treg stability is reinforced in the periphery by the interaction between CD147 and CD98 in the surrounding environment.More importantly,Tregs with high CD147 expression effectively inhibit inflammatory responses and maintain Foxp3 stability,which has guiding significance for the application of Tregs in immunotherapy.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Advanced Research for Medical Products Mining Programme of the National Institute of Biomedical Innovation (NIBIO)
文摘ABSTRACT： CD98 has been described to play a crucial role in tumor progression and survival. However, the role of CD98 in biliary tract cancer remains unclear. We found that 36.7% of all patients with biliary tract cancer had a high CD98 expression. Statistical analysis using Spearman＇s rank correlation showed that CD98 was significantly correlated with L-type amino acid transporter 1 （LAT1, r=0.562, P〈0.001）, Ki-67 （r=0.230, P=0.006） and CD34 （r=0.290, P=0.005）. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a high CD98 expression was an independent prognostic factor for predicting poor outcome. CD98 is closely associated with tumor growth, biological aggressiveness, and survival of patients. With these data we proposed that CD98 expression is necessary for the development and pathogenesis of biliary tract cancer.
文摘CD98 heavy chain（CD98hc）,encoded by Slc3a2,is a widely expressed vertebrate membrane protein whose functions are known as facilitating amino acid transporter and mediating integrin signaling.Little is known about its function on T lymphocyte mediated immune response to alloantigen. Here we report that we successfully deleted CD98hc in T cells by crossing mice bearing a loxP-flanked Slc3a2 allele with those expressing Cre re-combinase in T cells（CD4-Cre+）.T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc resulted in lower responses to alloantigen stimulation in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay.Heterotopic cardiac grafting was then performed from BALB/c（H-2K<sup>d</sup>） to CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> /C57BL/6（H-2K<sup>b</sup>） or control littermate C57BL/6 （B6） mice.We found that all CD98hc<sup>lox/</sup>-CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients had indefinite survival（MST:】100days, n=8）.In contrast,all littermate B6 recipients suffered acute rejection[MST:（7.4±0.5）d,n=12].In addition,the survival of the skin grafts from donor BALB/c mice to more than postoperative day （POD） 100 heart-bearing tolerant CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4- Cre<sup>+</sup> recipients was significantly prolonged[MST: （15.2±2.2）d,n =5]compared that of the B6 mice [MST:（8.2±1.3）d,n=9].In consistent with graft survival, we found that the graft infiltration cells on POD7 were fewer than that of the B6 mice by FACS and immune-staining analysis.Also chemotaxis assay data revealed that the migrated CD98hc<sup>lox/-</sup>CD4-Cre<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte were less than that of B6 in the presence of different concentration of chemokines CCL2, CCL5,and CCL2 plus CCL5.In addition,a neutralizing antibody（clone 26-24）specific against CD98hc prolonged the graft survival[MST:（13.4±2.7）d,n=8; P=0.001]in the B6 recipients after they received the BALB/c mice heart.Hence our data indicated that T cell-specific deficient of CD98hc impaired proliferate in response to alloantigens and decreased migration ability result in inducing immune tolerance after cardiac transplantation.Moreover,the application of the blocked of CD98hc by monoclonal antibody is effective in the treatment of acute cardiac allograft rejection, which may be useful clinically in the future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800756)the Science and Technology Plan of Shaanxi Province(2020SF-211).
文摘Regulatory T cell(Treg)stability is necessary for the proper control of immune activity and tissue homeostasis.However,it remains unclear whether Treg stability must be continually reinforced or is established during development under physiological conditions.Foxp3 has been characterized as a central mediator of the genetic program that governs Treg stability.Here,we demonstrate that to maintain Foxp3 protein expression,Tregs require cell-to-cell contact,which is mediated by the CD147-CD98 interaction.As Tregs are produced,CD147,which is expressed on their surface,is stimulated by CD98,which is widely expressed in the physiological environment.As a result,CD147’s intracellular domain binds to CDK2 and retains it near the membrane,leading to Foxp3 dephosphorylation and the prevention of Foxp3 degradation.In addition,the optimal distribution of Foxp3+Tregs under both pathological and physiological conditions depends on CD98 expression.Thus,our study provides direct evidence that Foxp3-dependent Treg stability is reinforced in the periphery by the interaction between CD147 and CD98 in the surrounding environment.More importantly,Tregs with high CD147 expression effectively inhibit inflammatory responses and maintain Foxp3 stability,which has guiding significance for the application of Tregs in immunotherapy.
