Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions an...Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.展开更多
生长减缓是帮助早期识别营养问题的重要临床表现,尽早识别和干预婴幼儿生长减缓对改善其近远期健康结局意义重大。之前发表的相关指南和专家共识对生长减缓缺乏统一的定义,影响临床识别、评估与规范管理。2023年3月,Journal of Pediatri...生长减缓是帮助早期识别营养问题的重要临床表现,尽早识别和干预婴幼儿生长减缓对改善其近远期健康结局意义重大。之前发表的相关指南和专家共识对生长减缓缺乏统一的定义,影响临床识别、评估与规范管理。2023年3月,Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition杂志发表了《生长减缓婴幼儿的追赶生长:指导临床医师的专家建议》,不仅阐述了追赶生长的重要性,还针对如何适当地定义、评估和管理生长减缓制定了切实可行的共识建议,对临床医生具有现实的指导价值。本文结合我国临床现状,对该“建议”进行解读,以期为我国临床医师管理生长减缓婴幼儿提供指导和参考。展开更多
目的了解早产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)和适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)校正0~24月龄期间生长发育状况和差异,为早产儿早期健康干预提供依据。方法回顾性选取2019年7月—2022年7月在广州市妇女儿...目的了解早产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)和适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)校正0~24月龄期间生长发育状况和差异,为早产儿早期健康干预提供依据。方法回顾性选取2019年7月—2022年7月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心定期保健的824例早产儿作为研究对象,其中SGA 144例,AGA 680例。分析和比较SGA组和AGA组出生及校正0~24月龄的体格发育数据。结果SGA组在校正0~18月龄期间的体重和身长均落后于同月龄AGA组(P<0.05),而校正24月龄时,两组的体重和身长比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。校正24月龄时,85%(34/40)SGA早产儿和79%(74/94)AGA早产儿完成追赶生长。按胎龄分层分析的结果显示:胎龄<34周SGA亚组体重、身长在校正0~9月龄与胎龄<34周和≥34周AGA亚组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胎龄≥34周SGA亚组体重、身长分别在校正0~18月龄和校正0~12月龄与胎龄<34周和≥34周AGA亚组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胎龄<34周和≥34周SGA早产儿追赶生长分别主要发生在校正0~12月龄、校正0~18月龄。结论SGA早产儿生命早期体格发育落后于AGA早产儿,但在校正24月龄时实现追赶生长的比例高于AGA早产儿。胎龄<34周SGA早产儿实现追赶生长的时间早于胎龄≥34周SGA早产儿。展开更多
基金financial support obtained from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFB1312900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975281)+1 种基金Key Research Project of Zhejiang lab (No. K2022NB0AC04)Jiangxi Double Thousand Talent Program (No. jxsq2020101008)。
文摘Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.
文摘生长减缓是帮助早期识别营养问题的重要临床表现,尽早识别和干预婴幼儿生长减缓对改善其近远期健康结局意义重大。之前发表的相关指南和专家共识对生长减缓缺乏统一的定义,影响临床识别、评估与规范管理。2023年3月,Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition杂志发表了《生长减缓婴幼儿的追赶生长:指导临床医师的专家建议》,不仅阐述了追赶生长的重要性,还针对如何适当地定义、评估和管理生长减缓制定了切实可行的共识建议,对临床医生具有现实的指导价值。本文结合我国临床现状,对该“建议”进行解读,以期为我国临床医师管理生长减缓婴幼儿提供指导和参考。
文摘目的了解早产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)和适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)校正0~24月龄期间生长发育状况和差异,为早产儿早期健康干预提供依据。方法回顾性选取2019年7月—2022年7月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心定期保健的824例早产儿作为研究对象,其中SGA 144例,AGA 680例。分析和比较SGA组和AGA组出生及校正0~24月龄的体格发育数据。结果SGA组在校正0~18月龄期间的体重和身长均落后于同月龄AGA组(P<0.05),而校正24月龄时,两组的体重和身长比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。校正24月龄时,85%(34/40)SGA早产儿和79%(74/94)AGA早产儿完成追赶生长。按胎龄分层分析的结果显示:胎龄<34周SGA亚组体重、身长在校正0~9月龄与胎龄<34周和≥34周AGA亚组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胎龄≥34周SGA亚组体重、身长分别在校正0~18月龄和校正0~12月龄与胎龄<34周和≥34周AGA亚组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胎龄<34周和≥34周SGA早产儿追赶生长分别主要发生在校正0~12月龄、校正0~18月龄。结论SGA早产儿生命早期体格发育落后于AGA早产儿,但在校正24月龄时实现追赶生长的比例高于AGA早产儿。胎龄<34周SGA早产儿实现追赶生长的时间早于胎龄≥34周SGA早产儿。
