针对某直列四缸增压柴油机排气歧管在台架耐久试验中出现开裂现象,应用有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)-计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)耦合方法对排气歧管进行了热应力分析。排气歧管热应力分析模型中的材料性...针对某直列四缸增压柴油机排气歧管在台架耐久试验中出现开裂现象,应用有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)-计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)耦合方法对排气歧管进行了热应力分析。排气歧管热应力分析模型中的材料性质随着温度变化的关系由试验测定;在相应发动机工况下对模型预测的温度场和台架上测量的排气歧管温度进行对比,以对模型进行标定。应用标定后的模型分析排气歧管在给定热负荷条件下的应力-应变分布。FEACFD耦合分析结果表明:发生开裂的区域为高塑性应变区,从而推论导致排气歧管开裂原因为热力耦合应力作用下产生的塑性变形,即失效形式为热机械疲劳。以等效塑性应变作为塑性变形的度量及许可的等效塑性应变经验值为判据对排气歧管进行了设计改进,并从三种改进方案中找出最安全的方案进行试验验证,改进后的排气歧管顺利通过发动机台架耐久试验考核。展开更多
The thermal elastic hydro dynamic (TEHD) lubrication analysis for the thrust bearing is usually conducted by combining Reynolds equation with finite element analysis (FEA). But it is still a problem to conduct the...The thermal elastic hydro dynamic (TEHD) lubrication analysis for the thrust bearing is usually conducted by combining Reynolds equation with finite element analysis (FEA). But it is still a problem to conduct the computation by combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and FEA which can simulate the TEHD more accurately. In this paper, by using both direct and separate coupled solutions together, steady TEHD lubrication considering the viscosity-temperature effect for a bidirectional thrust bearing in a pump-turbine unit is simulated combining a 3D CFD model for the oil film with a 3D FEA model for the pad and mirror plate. Cyclic symmetry condition is used in the oil film flow as more reasonable boundary conditions which avoids the oil temperature assumption at the leading and trailing edge. Deformations of the pad and mirror plate are predicted and discussed as well as the distributions of oil film thickness, pressure, temperature. The predicted temperature shows good agreement with measurements, while the pressure shows a reasonable distribution comparing with previous studies. Further analysis of the three-coupled-field reveals the reason of the high pressure and high temperature generated in the film. Finally, the influence of rotational speed of the mirror plate on the lubrication characteristics is illustrated which shows the thrust load should be balanced against the oil film temperature and pressure in optimized designs. This research proposes a thrust bearing computation method by combining CFD and FEA which can do the TEHD analysis more accurately.展开更多
压水型反应堆(pressurized water reactor,PWR)系统主管道热段内冷却剂的温度和流量,直接反映了核功率和堆芯换热状态,是反应堆功率控制和安全保护的核心参数。为全面掌握华龙一号反应堆上腔室及热段内冷却剂流-热耦合场分布及演变规律...压水型反应堆(pressurized water reactor,PWR)系统主管道热段内冷却剂的温度和流量,直接反映了核功率和堆芯换热状态,是反应堆功率控制和安全保护的核心参数。为全面掌握华龙一号反应堆上腔室及热段内冷却剂流-热耦合场分布及演变规律,为核心参数测控提供参考,基于有限元分析(finite element method,FEA)方法,对上腔室及热段冷却剂流域进行了计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)数值模拟。首先建立了合理简化后的华龙一号(Hualong One)反应堆上腔室及相连热段的3D几何结构模型。随后对模型计算域进行了离散化网格划分和网格敏感性分析。最后通过计算,获得了冷却剂非等温流动的稳态特性解,流量、温度与相关设计估算值、实际测量值的相对误差均小于2%。对稳态特性研究表明,高、低温冷却剂在上腔室垂直内壁附近的不充分换热导致热段入口冷却剂温度分布不均,存在14.0~16.3℃的温差。随冷却剂沿轴向流动,冷却剂温度场分布和流场分布均逐渐趋于均匀和稳定,且是热段内低温冷却剂的流动主导了冷却剂温度分布的变化。展开更多
柴油机功率的不断提升,排气温度也相应升高,排气歧管须承受更高的热负荷,从而可能导致其热机械疲劳失效。在设计初期阶段可通过计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析工具执行一系列虚拟模型仿真验算以验证设计方案的可行性和潜在风险,而非花费高额...柴油机功率的不断提升,排气温度也相应升高,排气歧管须承受更高的热负荷,从而可能导致其热机械疲劳失效。在设计初期阶段可通过计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析工具执行一系列虚拟模型仿真验算以验证设计方案的可行性和潜在风险,而非花费高额成本和大量时间针对实际样品进行测试验证。采用瞬态传热计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)分析和实体壁面温度相映射的方法模拟排气流经排气歧管时流动分离情况,经CFD和有限元分析(Finite Element Analysis,FEA)之间的耦合迭代后,根据热机械计算结果,即温度场、应力和塑性应变参数监测歧管结构设计缺陷,然后选择合适的材料属性和评估关键位置潜在开裂风险,最后依据各方案计算结果制造出排气歧管样件,在试验台架上进行整机耐久性测试,试验中未出现开裂失效,研究结果表明采用热机械疲劳分析方法可有效预测排气歧管疲劳潜在失效并为结构设计变更提供指导。展开更多
建立了某船用柴油机喷嘴内部流动的三维CFD计算模型,用计算流体力学软件AN SY S-FLOTRAN对喷嘴内的三维流动进行了模拟分析,得到了喷嘴内部的液压分布,然后将该结果作为边界条件对喷嘴的液力负荷进行了三维有限元分析.结果表明,在高压...建立了某船用柴油机喷嘴内部流动的三维CFD计算模型,用计算流体力学软件AN SY S-FLOTRAN对喷嘴内的三维流动进行了模拟分析,得到了喷嘴内部的液压分布,然后将该结果作为边界条件对喷嘴的液力负荷进行了三维有限元分析.结果表明,在高压液力负荷作用下,喷嘴头部的应力梯度较大,喷孔进口内侧上端应力值最大,且存在应力集中.在喷孔进口处倒一半径为0.05 mm的圆角,再次对喷嘴的液力负荷进行分析,发现喷孔进口内侧上端的应力值降低了34%,应力集中也得到了有效缓解.展开更多
文摘针对某直列四缸增压柴油机排气歧管在台架耐久试验中出现开裂现象,应用有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)-计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)耦合方法对排气歧管进行了热应力分析。排气歧管热应力分析模型中的材料性质随着温度变化的关系由试验测定;在相应发动机工况下对模型预测的温度场和台架上测量的排气歧管温度进行对比,以对模型进行标定。应用标定后的模型分析排气歧管在给定热负荷条件下的应力-应变分布。FEACFD耦合分析结果表明:发生开裂的区域为高塑性应变区,从而推论导致排气歧管开裂原因为热力耦合应力作用下产生的塑性变形,即失效形式为热机械疲劳。以等效塑性应变作为塑性变形的度量及许可的等效塑性应变经验值为判据对排气歧管进行了设计改进,并从三种改进方案中找出最安全的方案进行试验验证,改进后的排气歧管顺利通过发动机台架耐久试验考核。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51439002)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant Nos.20120002110011,20130002110072)Special Funds for Marine Renewable Energy Projects(Grant no.GHME2012GC02)
文摘The thermal elastic hydro dynamic (TEHD) lubrication analysis for the thrust bearing is usually conducted by combining Reynolds equation with finite element analysis (FEA). But it is still a problem to conduct the computation by combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and FEA which can simulate the TEHD more accurately. In this paper, by using both direct and separate coupled solutions together, steady TEHD lubrication considering the viscosity-temperature effect for a bidirectional thrust bearing in a pump-turbine unit is simulated combining a 3D CFD model for the oil film with a 3D FEA model for the pad and mirror plate. Cyclic symmetry condition is used in the oil film flow as more reasonable boundary conditions which avoids the oil temperature assumption at the leading and trailing edge. Deformations of the pad and mirror plate are predicted and discussed as well as the distributions of oil film thickness, pressure, temperature. The predicted temperature shows good agreement with measurements, while the pressure shows a reasonable distribution comparing with previous studies. Further analysis of the three-coupled-field reveals the reason of the high pressure and high temperature generated in the film. Finally, the influence of rotational speed of the mirror plate on the lubrication characteristics is illustrated which shows the thrust load should be balanced against the oil film temperature and pressure in optimized designs. This research proposes a thrust bearing computation method by combining CFD and FEA which can do the TEHD analysis more accurately.
文摘压水型反应堆(pressurized water reactor,PWR)系统主管道热段内冷却剂的温度和流量,直接反映了核功率和堆芯换热状态,是反应堆功率控制和安全保护的核心参数。为全面掌握华龙一号反应堆上腔室及热段内冷却剂流-热耦合场分布及演变规律,为核心参数测控提供参考,基于有限元分析(finite element method,FEA)方法,对上腔室及热段冷却剂流域进行了计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)数值模拟。首先建立了合理简化后的华龙一号(Hualong One)反应堆上腔室及相连热段的3D几何结构模型。随后对模型计算域进行了离散化网格划分和网格敏感性分析。最后通过计算,获得了冷却剂非等温流动的稳态特性解,流量、温度与相关设计估算值、实际测量值的相对误差均小于2%。对稳态特性研究表明,高、低温冷却剂在上腔室垂直内壁附近的不充分换热导致热段入口冷却剂温度分布不均,存在14.0~16.3℃的温差。随冷却剂沿轴向流动,冷却剂温度场分布和流场分布均逐渐趋于均匀和稳定,且是热段内低温冷却剂的流动主导了冷却剂温度分布的变化。
文摘柴油机功率的不断提升,排气温度也相应升高,排气歧管须承受更高的热负荷,从而可能导致其热机械疲劳失效。在设计初期阶段可通过计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析工具执行一系列虚拟模型仿真验算以验证设计方案的可行性和潜在风险,而非花费高额成本和大量时间针对实际样品进行测试验证。采用瞬态传热计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)分析和实体壁面温度相映射的方法模拟排气流经排气歧管时流动分离情况,经CFD和有限元分析(Finite Element Analysis,FEA)之间的耦合迭代后,根据热机械计算结果,即温度场、应力和塑性应变参数监测歧管结构设计缺陷,然后选择合适的材料属性和评估关键位置潜在开裂风险,最后依据各方案计算结果制造出排气歧管样件,在试验台架上进行整机耐久性测试,试验中未出现开裂失效,研究结果表明采用热机械疲劳分析方法可有效预测排气歧管疲劳潜在失效并为结构设计变更提供指导。
文摘建立了某船用柴油机喷嘴内部流动的三维CFD计算模型,用计算流体力学软件AN SY S-FLOTRAN对喷嘴内的三维流动进行了模拟分析,得到了喷嘴内部的液压分布,然后将该结果作为边界条件对喷嘴的液力负荷进行了三维有限元分析.结果表明,在高压液力负荷作用下,喷嘴头部的应力梯度较大,喷孔进口内侧上端应力值最大,且存在应力集中.在喷孔进口处倒一半径为0.05 mm的圆角,再次对喷嘴的液力负荷进行分析,发现喷孔进口内侧上端的应力值降低了34%,应力集中也得到了有效缓解.