为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行...为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行测定。结果表明:在蒙古马臀中肌中稳定度依次为GAPDH(1.087)>β-actin(1.211)>TTN(1.285)>18s r RNA(1.460),选取稳定度最高的GAPDH基因作为内参基因;高负荷运动训练后MSTN基因m RNA表达量较训练前上调,而CKM基因则下调。本研究为蒙古马运动性能相关基因的研究奠定了基础。展开更多
对知识进行有效管理从而挖掘潜在的隐性知识对于培养研究生的创新能力有着重要作用,教学既要以学习者为主,亦不能轻视技术的强大动力,因此人和技术兼顾的知识管理综合化模式CKM(Comprehensive Mode of Knowledge Management)在研究生教...对知识进行有效管理从而挖掘潜在的隐性知识对于培养研究生的创新能力有着重要作用,教学既要以学习者为主,亦不能轻视技术的强大动力,因此人和技术兼顾的知识管理综合化模式CKM(Comprehensive Mode of Knowledge Management)在研究生教育中发挥着不可替代的作用。展开更多
The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all neces...The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all necessary unformation for background rejection and to maintain high reliability at high beam rate.The unique challenges have emphasized the following guiding concepts:(1) Collecting background is as important as collecting good events.(2) A DAQ "event" should not be just a "snap shot" of the detector.It should be a short history record of the detector around the candidate event. The hit history provides information to understand temporary detector blindness,which is extremely important to the CKM experiment.(3) The main purpose of the trigger system should not be "knocking down trigger rate" or "throwing out garbage events" .Instead,it should classify the events and select appropriate data collecting straegies among various predefined ones for the given types of the events.The following methodologies are epmployed in the architecture to fulfill the experiment requirements without confronting unnecessary technical difficulties.(1) Continuous digitization near the detector elements is utilized to preserve the data quality.(2) The concept of minimum synchronization is adopted to eliminate the needs of time matching signal paths.(3) A global level 1 trigger performs coincident and veto functions using digital timing information to avoid problems due to signal degrading in long calbes.(4) The DAQ logic allows to collect chronicle records around the interesting events with different levels of detail of ADC information,so that very low energy particles in the veto systems can be best detected.(5) A re-programmable hardware trigger(L2.5)and a software trigger(L3) sitting in the DAQ stream are planned to perform data selection functioins based on full detector data with adjustability.展开更多
Channel knowledge map(CKM)has recently emerged as a viable new solution to facilitate the placement and trajectory optimization for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communications,by exploiting the siteand location-specifi...Channel knowledge map(CKM)has recently emerged as a viable new solution to facilitate the placement and trajectory optimization for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communications,by exploiting the siteand location-specific radio propagation information.This paper investigates a CKM-assisted multi-UAV wireless network,by focusing on the construction and utilization of CKMs for multi-UAV placement optimization.First,we consider the CKM construction problem when data measurements for only a limited number of points are available.Towards this end,we exploit a data-driven interpolation technique,namely the Kriging method,to construct CKMs to characterize the signal propagation environments.Next,we study the multi-UAV placement optimization problem by utilizing the constructed CKMs,in which the multiple UAVs aim to optimize their placement locations to maximize the weighted sum rate with their respectively associated ground base stations(GBSs).However,the weighted sum rate function based on the CKMs is generally non-differentiable,which renders the conventional optimization techniques relying on function derivatives inapplicable.To tackle this issue,we propose a novel iterative algorithm based on derivative-free optimization,in which a series of quadratic functions are iteratively constructed to approximate the objective function under a set of interpolation conditions,and accordingly,the UAVs’placement locations are updated by maximizing the approximate function subject to a trust region constraint.Finally,numerical results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed designs.It is shown that the Kriging method can construct accurate CKMs for UAVs.Furthermore,the proposed derivative-free placement optimization design based on the Kriging-constructed CKMs achieves a weighted sum rate that is close to the optimal exhaustive search design based on ground-truth CKMs,but with much lower implementation complexity.In addition,the proposed design is shown to significantly outperform other benchmark schemes.展开更多
12.1. Introduction The masses and mixings of quarks have a common origin in the Standard Model （SM）. They arise from the Yukawa interactions with the Higgs condensate,
Investigating the CKM matrix in different parameterization schemes, it is noticed that those schemes can be divided into a few groups where the sine values of the CP phase for each group are approximately equal i.e. t...Investigating the CKM matrix in different parameterization schemes, it is noticed that those schemes can be divided into a few groups where the sine values of the CP phase for each group are approximately equal i.e. there exist several relations among the CP phases. Using those relations, several approximate equalities among the elements of CKM matrix are established. The case can also be generalized to the PMNS matrix for the lepton sector. Assuming them to be exact, there are infinite numbers of solutions and by choosing special values for the free parameters in those solutions, several textures presented in the literature are obtained. Other authors have derived several mixing textures by using presumed symmetries; amazingly, some, though not all, of their forms axe the same as those we obtained. This hints at the existence of a hidden symmetry which is broken in the practical world. Nature makes its own selection of the underlying symmetry and the way to break it, while we just guess what it is.展开更多
文摘为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行测定。结果表明:在蒙古马臀中肌中稳定度依次为GAPDH(1.087)>β-actin(1.211)>TTN(1.285)>18s r RNA(1.460),选取稳定度最高的GAPDH基因作为内参基因;高负荷运动训练后MSTN基因m RNA表达量较训练前上调,而CKM基因则下调。本研究为蒙古马运动性能相关基因的研究奠定了基础。
文摘The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all necessary unformation for background rejection and to maintain high reliability at high beam rate.The unique challenges have emphasized the following guiding concepts:(1) Collecting background is as important as collecting good events.(2) A DAQ "event" should not be just a "snap shot" of the detector.It should be a short history record of the detector around the candidate event. The hit history provides information to understand temporary detector blindness,which is extremely important to the CKM experiment.(3) The main purpose of the trigger system should not be "knocking down trigger rate" or "throwing out garbage events" .Instead,it should classify the events and select appropriate data collecting straegies among various predefined ones for the given types of the events.The following methodologies are epmployed in the architecture to fulfill the experiment requirements without confronting unnecessary technical difficulties.(1) Continuous digitization near the detector elements is utilized to preserve the data quality.(2) The concept of minimum synchronization is adopted to eliminate the needs of time matching signal paths.(3) A global level 1 trigger performs coincident and veto functions using digital timing information to avoid problems due to signal degrading in long calbes.(4) The DAQ logic allows to collect chronicle records around the interesting events with different levels of detail of ADC information,so that very low energy particles in the veto systems can be best detected.(5) A re-programmable hardware trigger(L2.5)and a software trigger(L3) sitting in the DAQ stream are planned to perform data selection functioins based on full detector data with adjustability.
基金The work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U2001208the Basic Research Project No.HZQB-KCZYZ-2021067 of Hetao Shenzhen-HK S&T Cooperation Zone,the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 92267202,Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program under Grant JCYJ20210324133405015+5 种基金Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence under Grant 2022B1212010001,the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFB1800800the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence under Grant ZDSYS201707251409055the Key Area R&D Program of Guangdong Province under Grant 2018B030338001the National Science Foundation of China under Grant of 62171398Guangdong Research Projects under Grants 2019QN01X895,2017ZT07X152,and 2019CX01X104,Shenzhen Outstanding Talents Training Fund 202002he Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62071114.
文摘Channel knowledge map(CKM)has recently emerged as a viable new solution to facilitate the placement and trajectory optimization for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communications,by exploiting the siteand location-specific radio propagation information.This paper investigates a CKM-assisted multi-UAV wireless network,by focusing on the construction and utilization of CKMs for multi-UAV placement optimization.First,we consider the CKM construction problem when data measurements for only a limited number of points are available.Towards this end,we exploit a data-driven interpolation technique,namely the Kriging method,to construct CKMs to characterize the signal propagation environments.Next,we study the multi-UAV placement optimization problem by utilizing the constructed CKMs,in which the multiple UAVs aim to optimize their placement locations to maximize the weighted sum rate with their respectively associated ground base stations(GBSs).However,the weighted sum rate function based on the CKMs is generally non-differentiable,which renders the conventional optimization techniques relying on function derivatives inapplicable.To tackle this issue,we propose a novel iterative algorithm based on derivative-free optimization,in which a series of quadratic functions are iteratively constructed to approximate the objective function under a set of interpolation conditions,and accordingly,the UAVs’placement locations are updated by maximizing the approximate function subject to a trust region constraint.Finally,numerical results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed designs.It is shown that the Kriging method can construct accurate CKMs for UAVs.Furthermore,the proposed derivative-free placement optimization design based on the Kriging-constructed CKMs achieves a weighted sum rate that is close to the optimal exhaustive search design based on ground-truth CKMs,but with much lower implementation complexity.In addition,the proposed design is shown to significantly outperform other benchmark schemes.
文摘12.1. Introduction The masses and mixings of quarks have a common origin in the Standard Model （SM）. They arise from the Yukawa interactions with the Higgs condensate,
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11375128,11135009)
文摘Investigating the CKM matrix in different parameterization schemes, it is noticed that those schemes can be divided into a few groups where the sine values of the CP phase for each group are approximately equal i.e. there exist several relations among the CP phases. Using those relations, several approximate equalities among the elements of CKM matrix are established. The case can also be generalized to the PMNS matrix for the lepton sector. Assuming them to be exact, there are infinite numbers of solutions and by choosing special values for the free parameters in those solutions, several textures presented in the literature are obtained. Other authors have derived several mixing textures by using presumed symmetries; amazingly, some, though not all, of their forms axe the same as those we obtained. This hints at the existence of a hidden symmetry which is broken in the practical world. Nature makes its own selection of the underlying symmetry and the way to break it, while we just guess what it is.
