Clustering Analysis on the Climatic Conditions in Hundreds of Kilometers of Celery Belts in Hulu River Valley

By using climate data in national stations in Xiji County,Ningxia during 1981 and 2020,a regression analysis was carried out on weather data in crop growth season in three automatic weather stations in Hulu River Valley. The results showed that celery belts of Hulu River Valley was divided into two groups: early-maturing region of south Xinglong-Xiaohe where is warm and rainy,serotinous region of north Jiqiang-Xinying where is warm and cold and rainless. Four subregions: Xinlong,Xiaohe,Jiqiang,Xinying. Each sub-region was divided into five regions according to climate layer and observation in growth season: temperature accumulating planting period,low temperature seedling period,suitable temperature for external leaf growth stage,high-temperature for celery mulching-sanded plantation in different sowing periods, water and fertilizer,insect prevention,time to market sales.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Economic Development Level of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone Using Principal Component Cluster Analysis

Based on 10 years of statistics concerning economic development in Xi'an as the main part of Guanzhong- Tianshui Economic Zone, this article builds the main indicator system to reflect economic development. Using two mathematical methods( principal component analysis and cluster analysis),we carry out comprehensive evaluation analysis of the main economic indicators,point out the distribution differences in the economic development level in this region,and make classification,in order to provide a scientific basis for the decision- making body to lay down the relevant economic development strategies in accordance with the economic development level and geographical location.

Research on Competitiveness of County Economy Based on Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis——Taking 88 Counties in Guizhou as Samples

17 indices are selected,such as the growth rate of total regional output value,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,per capita financial expenditure,and soil erosion rate of Guizhou Province in 2009.According to the relevant indices data of statistical yearbook and governmental website,by using the method of factor analysis and the method of cluster analysis,we assess the competitiveness of county economy in 88 counties of Guizhou Province.The results show that the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province is impacted by factors of location and economic foundation.In addition,the resources environment,economic structure,economic developmental speed and other factors also impact the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province.Based on these,in the light of the developmental characteristics of different counties in conjunction with different developmental advantages in different regions,we should adopt different developmental strategies according to local conditions,which is significant to rapid,healthy and sustainable development of county economy in Guizhou Province.

Prevalence of Bacterial and Fungal Infected Chronic Leg Ulcers at a Teaching Hospital in Ghana

Background: Chronic ulcers are responsible for considerable morbidity and significantly contribute to the escalation in the cost of health care. Chronic leg ulcers (CLUs) are susceptible to microbial infections and serious complications such as tissue necrosis and osteomyelitis, can result without the timely control of infections. Recent studies have also reported an increase in the association of fungal infections with chronic non-healing ulcers. Aim: To determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal infections among patients reporting with chronic leg ulcers in participants without co-morbidities. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with chronic leg ulcers at the National Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and Burns Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (NRPS/BC-KBTH) and those who consented were enrolled. Characteristics of the wound as well as micro-organisms cultured from wound swabs were recorded. Results: A total of 50 participants were enrolled for the study with the mean (SD) age of 40.7 (10.7) years. Eighty percent of the participants presented with post traumatic leg ulcers with 80% being artisans and traders in the age group 31 - 50 years. There was no statistically significant association between sex and the organism cultured for post traumatic and cellulitis (p-value > 0.05). The prevalence of bacterial and fungal infection was 79.3% and 20.7% respectively. Pseudomonas species was the most isolated bacteria (61.5%) while Aspergillus niger was the most isolated fungi (41%). Conclusion: From this study, fungal infections should be included in managing chronic leg ulcers, especially among artisans, famers and gardeners even though there was a significantly higher burden of bacterial infections.

探讨CLU调控Tau病理参与阿尔茨海默病的发病机制

目的:探讨CLU调控Tau进而参与阿尔茨海默病的可能发病机制。方法:1) 通过慢病毒转染人源性SH-SY5Y神经细胞构建CLU表达水平细胞模型,利用RT-qPCR、Western-blotting等方法检验细胞模型中CLU及Tau蛋白表达量。2) 利用QPCR技术在转录水平验证CLU的干扰和过表达,以及CLU干扰和过表达后对Tau的影响。结果:1) 利用CLU质粒转染至SH-SY5Y细胞中及正常SH-SY5Y细胞的cDNA为模板,通过RT-qPCR检测Tau在CLU过表达模型细胞中表达量明显高于正常组。2) 发现CLU的过表达同时会引起Tau表达量的增高,而CLU的干扰同时会引起Tau表达量的降低。结论:通过CLU质粒转染及过表达,调控Tau蛋白播散参与,从而引起阿尔茨海默病的发生。

Dry environment on the expression of lacrimal gland S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu in rats via proteomics

●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in specific pathogen free environment as the control group(n=10),and the rats fed in dry environment as the dryness group(n=10).After 24d,lacrimal glands were collected from the rats.The tissues morphology was observed by hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Tandem mass tags(TMT)quantitative proteomics analysis technology was used to screen the differential expressed proteins of lacrimal glands between the two groups,then bioinformatics analysis was performed.Further,the immunohistochemical(IHC)method was used to verify the target proteins.●RESULTS:In dryness group,the lacrimal glands lobule atrophied,the glandular cavities enlarged,the sparse nuclear distribution and scattered inflammatory infiltration between the acinus were observed.The proteomics exhibited that a total of 195 up-regulated and 236 downregulated differential expressed proteins screened from the lacrimal glands of rats.It was indicated that the biological processes(BP)of differential expressed proteins mainly included cell processes and single BP.The cellular compositions of differential expressed proteins mainly located in cells,organelles.The molecular functions of differential expressed proteins mainly included binding,catalytic activity.Moreover,the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that the differential expressed proteins mainly involved lysosome,complement and coagulation cascade,and ribosome pathway.The IHC result verified that the up-regulated expression proteins of Protein S100A9(S100A9),Annexin A1(Anxa1),and Clusterin(Clu)in lacrimal glands of rats in dryness group were higher than control group.●CONCLUSION:The up-regulated expression proteins of S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu may be the potential mechanisms of dry eye symptoms caused by dry environment.This study provides clues of dry environments causing eye-related diseases for further studies.

急性心肌梗死患者外周血miR-208 sST2 CLU与左室重构的相关性

目的:分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者外周血微小核糖核酸-208(miR-208)、可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)、簇集蛋白(CLU)与左室重构(LVR)的相关性。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年2月到本院就诊并首次确诊为AMI的患者62例为AMI组,根据LVR标准将AMI组分为左室重构组(LVR组)与左室非重构组(No-LVR组),同时期到本院就诊并经冠状动脉造影检查病变为阴性(狭窄程度<50%)且无任何心脏基础疾病的患者35例,作为对照组。测定各组患者高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、sST2、CLU、miR-208、空腹血糖(FPG)、白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)水平,并进行超声心动检查。分析观察IMA患者外周血miR-208、sST2、CLU的水平与超声心动图检测指标的相关性。结果:与对照组对比,No-LVR组与LVR组LDL-C、miR-208、sST2、CLU、LVESD、LVEF水平均明显升高,且LVR组明显高于No-LVR组(P<0.05);No-LVR组与LVR组患者的LVEDD、LVESV、LVEDV及LVMI水平明显降低,且LVR组明显低于No-LVR组(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,LVESD、LVEF与外周血miR-208、sST2、CLU呈显著正相关(P<0.05),LVESV、LVEDD、LVEDV、LVMI与外周血miR-208、sST2、CLU呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论:IMA患者外周血sST2、CLU与LVR关系密切,及时检测这两种因子的水平有助于抑制AMI后LVR情况的发生及发展。

CLU基因多态性与新疆哈萨克族及汉族阿尔茨海默病的相关性研究

目的探讨聚集素(clusterin,CLU)基因rs11136000位点及rs9331888位点多态性与新疆哈萨克族(简称哈族)及汉族散发性阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,SAD)相关性。方法运用病例对照研究,采用Kas P PCR技术和基因测序法测定CLU rs11136000及rs9331888位点的基因型及等位基因。结果 (1) CLU基因rs11136000位点基因型及等位基因分布在SAD及正常对照组差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。哈族SAD组CLU基因rs11136000位点T等位基因及TT基因型频率显著低于对照组(χ~2=8. 809,P=0. 003;χ~2=8. 242,P=0. 016)。携带T等位基因者(TT+TG基因型)相比携带GG基因型者AD发病风险降低63. 9%(OR=0. 361,P=0. 007)。汉族SAD CLU基因rs11136000位点基因型及等位基因与对照组之间差异均无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。(2) CLU rs9331888位点等位基因(C、G)及基因型(CC、CG、GG)频率差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。(3) rs9331888、rs11136000两位点存在连锁不平衡(D’=0. 764),单体型分析显示有C-C、C-G、T-G 3种单体型,频率分布差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论 CLU基因rs11136000位点多态性与新疆哈族AD发生可能有关,携带T等位基因对降低AD发病可能有一定的保护作用; CLU基因9331888位点可能与新疆SAD的发生无相关性。

CLU基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的关联研究

目的探讨CLU基因多态性在阿尔茨海默病(LOAD)发病风险中的作用。方法以300例中国南方的AD患者和300例对照组为研究对象,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)和sanger测序分析其CLU基因2个位点和APOE基因的基因型和等位基因频率。结果 CLU基因rs11136000多态在AD组与对照组的基因型分布差异有统计学意义(P <0. 001),等位基因C与T频率在两组之间分布差异有统计学意义(P <0. 001);经APOEε4分层后,CLU基因rs11136000多态在AD组与对照组的基因型和等位基因频率分布差异仍然有统计学意义(P <0. 001),进一步的Logistic回归分析提示rs11136000和APOEε4之间无交互作用(P=0. 882)。CLU基因rs28834970多态在AD组与对照组的基因型、等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义(P=0. 714,P=0. 484)。结论 CLU基因rs11136000多态性在中国南方AD人群中是一个不依赖APOEε4的风险因子。

转炉吹炼引入水蒸气冶炼中低碳锰铁和中低碳铬铁

阐述了瑞典UHT公司开发的一种由高碳锰铁、高碳铬铁"一步法"冶炼中低碳锰铁与中低碳铬铁的工艺。该方法称为CLU,与AOD(氩氧混吹脱碳法)类似,不同的是在喷吹气体的过程中引入了水蒸气,从而降低了氩气的消耗,同时提高了锰、铬的回收率。"一步法"与传统的电硅热"两步法"相比,贵金属回收率高,设备投资小、运行率高、运行成本低。

CLU、PKCα基因过度表达与卵巢癌化疗耐药相关的研究

目的:对比CLU、PKCα基因在化疗前及化疗后卵巢癌组织表达的差异。方法:卵巢癌患者60例,包括紫杉醇化疗组(Ⅰ组)和未化疗组(Ⅱ组)各30例,提取卵巢癌组织总RNA,反转录为cDNA。用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测60份标本中CLU、PKCα,MDR基因的表达。结果:CLU、PKCα基因在Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组均有较高的表达阳性率,分别为96.67%与100%、100%与100%,两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。PKCα基因在化疗组表达Ct值3.530±0.99584,显著高于未化疗组3.003±0.65074(P<0.05)。但术前化疗组及化疗复发组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。MDR表达阳性组织中,CLU基因的表达Ct值4.3487±1.41353,显著高于MDR表达阴性组织的3.2955±1.52114(P<0.05)。结论:PKCα在化疗后卵巢癌组织中高表达,可能在卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药中起重要作用。CLU可能与MDR介导的卵巢癌多药耐药有关。CLU、PKCα表达显著相关,提示两个基因共同参与了卵巢癌耐药机制。

CLU的基因多态性与非痴呆型血管认知障碍的相关性

目的探讨正目的簇集素(CLU)基因多态性与非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(VCIND)之间的相关性。方法收集VCIND患者42例纳入VCIND组,认知正常者23例纳入认知正常组,记录人口学资料、危险因素、现病史、既往史,进行神经系统查体、神经心理学量表评分及磁共振成像检查,检测和分析两组CLU基因rs11136000snp、rs93311888snp位点,比较CLU基因多态性与VCIND患者及其影像学之间的相关性。结果(1)VCIND组与认知正常组的rs11136000snp位点比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。rs9331888snp位点比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)VCIND组与认知正常组脑小血管病(SVD)总分对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)CLU基因多态性与VCIND患者的影像学比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CLU基因多态性与VCIND具有相关性;CLU基因的两个snp位点均与VCIND患者的影像学存在交互作用。

AS-PCR法检测CLU基因SNP位点方法的建立

目的 基于等位基因特异性PCR(allele-specific PCR,AS-PCR)原理,建立一种QPCR检测CLU基因与阿尔兹海默病(AD)相关性SNP位点基因型的筛选方法。方法根据CLU基因上的rs11136000,rs2279590和rs9331888 3个SNP位点设计特异性的野生型、突变型引物,使用实时荧光定量PCR(QPCR)对AD患者外周血样本进行SNP基因分型,以DNA基因测序法结果作为参考标准。结果 10例样本的QPCR定量分型结果显示,CLU基因rs11136000位点检测到CC基因型7例,CT基因型3例,未发现TT基因型;CLU基因rs2279590位点检测到CC基因型7例,CT基因型3例,未发现TT基因型;CLU基因rs9331888位点检测到CC基因型3例,CT基因型4例,TT基因型3例。检测结果与基因测序法结论完全一致。结论 基于AS-PCR技术的QPCR检测法可以高效、简洁的对CLU基因上的SNP位点进行基因分型,并为后续大量AD临床样本的SNP筛查提供了一种新的检验方法。

利用GEO数据库分析子宫内膜异位症潜在致病基因

目的:探究作用于月经增殖期及分泌期子宫内内膜异位症的共享潜在致病基因。方法:利用两个原始数据集GSE7305、GSE25628,筛选出18例子宫内膜异位症患者在位子宫内膜与匹配的异位子宫内膜组织相比的差异表达基因(DEGs),并使用基因本体论分析,KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)分析,利用STRING 11.0建立蛋白质相互作用网络。利用Cytoscape MCODE软件筛选热点模块并使用BiNGO进行相关基因的GO分析。结果:两个数据集共享96个DEGs。基因本体论分析显示DEGs富集于补体激活等通路。CLU等基因可能介导补体激活参与子宫内膜异位症的发生发展。结论:CLU等基因可能通过参与补体激活参与子宫内膜异位症的发生发展。

绵羊附睾头、体、尾上皮细胞的培养及相关基因表达

附睾是家畜生殖、生育的重要器官,具有储存、转运及促进精子成熟的组织。本研究以绵羊为研究模型,探究绵羊附睾上皮细胞建系及相关基因表达特性,及雄激素对p66基因的抗氧化机制。笔者通过对附睾基因p66、ak1mRNA、ClumRNA、p34hmRNA、seRPINA1mRNA采用实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法,测定附睾相关基因在培养细胞表达水平,在附睾头、体、尾组织的表达进行比较。

突触体膜上GABA受体对牛磺酸调节氨基酸释放的影响

目的 :从GABA受体的角度进行探讨牛磺酸 (Tau)调节氨基酸释放的机理。方法 :将GABA受体的激动剂、拮抗剂加入悬浮有突触体的KRB液中 ,氨基酸测定采用Dans_Cl柱前衍生 ,高效液相测定。结果 :Tau对GABA释放的抑制作用能有效被GABAB受体的拮抗剂所拮抗 ,而它们对GluAsp的释放均无影响。结论 :Tau抑制去极化引发GABA的释放是通过激发突触体前膜GABAB 受体而起作用的 ,同时还作用于Asp、Glu神经末梢的突触体前膜 ,从而抑制去极化引发的Asp。

科研人员发现3个与阿尔茨海默症有关的基因

本刊讯 英国和法国两个科研小组分别在新一期英国《自然·遗传学》杂志上报告说，他们新发现3个与阿尔茨海默症有关的基因。由英国加的夫大学研究人员领导的研究小组报告说，他们发现了名为CLU和PICALM这两个基因与阿尔茨海默症有关。另一个由法国研究人员领导的研究小组报告说，他们发现CLU基因与这一病症有关的同时．还发现一种名为CR1的基因也与阿尔茨海默症有关。研究人员指出，本次新发现的3个基因广泛存在于人群中，

Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of a Subset of Proliferation Related Genes in IRE1 Knockdown U87 Glioma Cells

We have studied the expression of a subset of genes encoding important tumor growth related factors in U87 glioma cells with IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1) knockdown as well as their hypoxic regulation. It was shown that the expression levels of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), clusterin (CLU), adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 (ADGRE5), transglutaminase?2, C polypeptide (TGM2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), glyoxalase I (GLO1) and tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13) are significantly down-regulated in glioma cells with the knockdown of IRE1 signaling enzyme. It was also shown that in glioma cells subjected to hypoxia, the expression levels of PSAT1, TSPAN13, EIF2AK3, and TGM2 genes were up-regulated, whereas the expression of ATF6 gene was down-regulated. At the same time, the expression levels of LIF, CLU, and ADGRE5 genes did not change in response to hypoxic treatment.?Furthermore, inhibition of IRE1, a key effector of an unfolded protein response pathway, modified the effect of hypoxia on the expression of most studied genes. Present study demonstrates that IRE1 knockdown down-regulated the expression of most studied genes and modified their hypoxic regulation and that these changes possibly contributed to the suppression of glioma growth in cells without IRE1 signaling enzyme function.