Modular Disruption in Construction Industry-The Environmental Benefits

The impact of Covid-19 on every aspect of life is undeniable.As the pandemic began to spread throughout February 2020,no one could have foretold the ways in which this disease would change society.One of the key things that the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated is off-site manufacturing and the different ways in which modular construction can be utilized to deal more effectively with the demands of a crisis.The rapid erection of modular hospitals across the globe has been critical in fighting the outbreak of Covid-19,not least the modular hospital in Wuhan that was built in just 10 days.Modular construction was already a hot topic for the industry,the pandemic has simply enhanced this-and the last few months were given the opportunity to explore the options in more detail.There is no doubt that modular construction will continue to play a part in construction projects in the longer term and construction industry should adapt to accommodate this change.Since construction industry is the largest consumer of natural resources,this article would emphasize on the sustainability dimensions of modular construction and its performance during the whole lifecycle.A thorough literature review of the sustainability benefits of modular construction compared to its tradition counterpart is presented.

A Study of Challenges and Benefits of Lean Construction(LC)Principles in Omani Construction Industry

There are frequent failures in the project delivery in time and increasing the waste in Oman construction industry.Lean Construction(LC)principles which are lean thinking in design and construction process may be a possible solution.Hence,the paper is aimed on exploring the status of the LC practices and its impact on Omani Construction Industry(OCI).The paper presents barriers,potential benefits,and the measures of suitability and acceptability of LC principles.A quantitative research approach was adopted and research data was collected using an online questionnaire survey in Oman.The data were analysed and results are presented in tables and charts followed by critical discussions.The survey found that onethird of the construction professionals have a good awareness and half of them having a higher level awareness about LC practices.More than one third of the construction organisations are adopting LC principles with a high consensus on the suitability and acceptability,and they recognised that time commitment is necessary for the successful implementation and achieve benefits.The study concludes that the reduction in project delivery time and construction at site waste is the key advantage of implementing LC priciples in design and construction stages in the omani construction industry.

Hook Benefit Evaluation on the Increase of Urban Construction Land and the Decrease of Rural Construction Land in the Suburbs of Chongqing City,China

According to the socio-economic statistical data and the land use data of Jingguan Town in the year 2008,hook benefit evaluation index system suitable for the actual situation of research region is determined,based on the systematic analyses of the basic data of current status and the related information of hook in research region.Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is adopted to evaluate the increase of construction land of Jingguan Town before and after the hook.Result shows that the economic,social and ecological benefits of research region have significantly improved after the hook.And the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation methods established in this research can provide references for the hook benefit evaluation in the suburbs of Chongqing City,China.

Strategies and Economic Benefit Analysis for Productive Landscape of Rape Flower Sea in Cold Regions

The cold regions are located in high latitudes and cold climates.The local excellent ornamental plant resources are relatively scarce.The plant species that are suitable for both ornamental and productive benefits of landscape of flower sea construction are also even fewer.Therefore,it is imperative to introduce and screen the plant resources suitable for cold regions to create the landscape of flower sea.The rape,an oilseed crop,was used as a research object in order to create a productive flower landscape with both ornamental and economic values in cold regions.Four rape flower varieties,Qingza No.5,7,9,and 11,were introduced from Qinghai Hufeng Agricultural Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd.They were planted in the experimental practice base of Northeast Agricultural University in three batches.Development characteristics and seed yield of rape flowers on different sowing dates were studied.The fuzzy probability method was used to comprehensively evaluate the varieties.The results showed that the rape flowers grew well in Harbin City during the experimental sowing period,which could form a good landscape of flower sea and had a considerable rapeseed yield.It could be widely used in cold urban and rural areas,such as Harbin City.In view of the experimental results,the strategies of creating a productive landscape of rape flower sea were proposed and the economic benefits were analyzed.It could change the status quo of a uniform landscape of flower sea in cold regions,help the development of rural tourism,and promote local economic income.

Component Analysis and Calculation for Social Benefits of UHV Assessment

With the rapid development of the UHV power grid, evaluation of the economic and social benefits of the UHV power grid is conducive to guiding the planning and construction of UHV power grid. At present economic benefit evaluation system of the UHV power grid is driving to maturity stage on the whole at home and abroad, but it invariably tends to regard social benefits as part of economic benefits, without evaluating social benefit separately. The social benefit evaluation model of UHV power grid is built in case of sufficient investigation. The differentials between social benefit and social cost are calculated respectively by three kinds of solutions according to the constructed social cost evaluation index system and social benefits evaluation index system, conclusion that UHV power grid transmission has better social benefits can be reached by contrastively analyzing the social three kinds of solutions corresponding to benefits. At last, the evaluation model and method are verified and analyzed through the analysis of engineering projects.

Methods and Paths for Rural Collectively Owned Profit-oriented Construction Land Entering into Trading Market

On the basis of analyzing cases of existing rural collectively owned profit-oriented construction land entering into trading market,this paper put forward several thoughts,introduced methods and paths for rural collectively owned profit-oriented construction land entering into trading market,including reforming rural collective land property right system,cultivating new rural collective economy organizations,helping them to become market entities; improving various legal systems,making clear range of construction land entering into trading market; formulating scientific benefit allocation mechanism; establishing fair and transparent decision making mechanism.

全面理解中国式社会治理现代化的四重维度

中国式社会治理现代化是中国式现代化事业的重要组成部分,是价值立场、思想方法、话语原则和实践旨归的有机统一。中国式社会治理现代化坚持人民至上的价值立场,在马克思主义对资本主义批判的理论基础上超越了西方纯粹工具理性导致单向度物质文明和维护资本利益的社会治理价值偏差,实现了“人”的价值理性的回归;秉持守正创新的思想方法,走出一条不同于西方社会治理模式和传统社会治理范式的中国特色社会主义社会治理现代化之路,拓展了社会治理现代化发展空间;坚持自信自立,不断推进社会治理话语创新,消除对西式话语的依赖,强化对社会治理现代化的体系化、学理化研究,做到既不封闭僵化,也不食洋不化;坚持共建共治共享,建设社会治理共同体,凝聚社会治理价值共识,健全社会治理体制机制,共享社会治理发展成果,筑牢社会治理道路根基。

基于空间正义、效益衍生的共生院共享空间等级构建

“共生院落等级构建”以原住民、新用户、运维者的互惠和共生为前提,回应共生院空间狭小、引入功能与业态的不确定性和变化性,建构了开放性的共享空间—半开放性的共享空间—私密性的共享空间三级共享空间,探索以不同等级的室外、半室外共享空间重构院落共生的空间秩序、小气候营造和更新需求下的空间弹性与自适应性。

装配式地铁车站评价体系研究

为对装配式地铁车站进行系统评价,引导装配式技术在地铁车站建设中合理应用,在调研国内外装配式地铁车站及工程建设其他领域装配式评价标准及建设经验的基础上,采用定量和定性相结合的方法,从设计、生产、施工、效益方面制定了装配式地铁车站评价体系。评价体系的指标设置既注重关键结果也关注过程控制。基于提出的评价体系,对国内一座装配叠合整体式地铁车站进行试评价。评价结果表明,评价体系具有较好的系统性、科学性和适用性。

Research and Practice of Meta-synthesis Management for the Government-led Urban Complex Construction Project

This paper researches the overall construction target of government-led urban complex construction projects based on the perspective of sustainable urban development. In order to achieve benefit maximization, the meta-synthesis management for the government-led urban complex construction project is studied. In order to combine theory and practice, several typical government-led urban complex construction project cases, such as Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center and Guangzhou International Financial City etc. are examined. These examples point to the feasibility of government-led meta-synthesis management and demonstrate the benefits that can be achieved through this model.

长三角地区城市森林建设的空间关联及影响因素分析

[目的]构建长三角城市森林建设水平指数,揭示长三角地区城市森林建设的空间关联性及其空间关联的演化特征,突破以往区域间要素互为独立的壁垒,在空间视角下分析各影响因素对长三角城市森林建设长期和短期的直接效应和溢出效应,为差异化城市森林建设、长三角森林城市群统筹建设和长三角生态绿色一体化发展提供参考和决策依据。[方法]基于熵权TOPSIS法构建城市森林建设水平指数,将城市森林建设的生态效益纳入其中,衡量2006—2019年长三角41个地级市的城市森林建设水平,通过地域相邻矩阵等3种空间权重矩阵,利用动态空间杜宾模型分析城市森林建设的空间溢出效应以及城市经济社会发展、创建森林城市等因素对城市森林建设水平长期和短期的间接效应和直接效应。[结果]1)基于空间距离倒数的空间权重矩阵符合长三角城市森林建设的广泛空间关系,长三角地区城市森林建设的全局莫兰指数在0.244 3以上,呈现波动上升走势;2)长三角41个地级市城市森林建设在空间上表现出稳定的空间块状集群异质性特征,“高-高”(H-H)值集聚,均集中在上海、江苏、浙江一带,形成沿海往内陆扩散的发展态势;“低-低”(L-L)值集聚,多集中在安徽省,呈先扩散后收缩的走势;3)长三角城市森林建设的空间溢出效应在0.172左右,短期和长期人均地区生产总值对城市森林建设水平的直接效应分别为-0.014 2和0.091 4;创建森林城市短期直接效应与溢出效应均显著为正,但长期为负;人口密度、旅游人数、第三产业占比对城市森林建设水平的影响存在短期降低、长期提升的差异。[结论]长三角地区城市森林建设存在显著空间关联性,短期内经济发展给长三角地区城市森林建设水平带来压力,长期来看经济发展可带动城市森林发展;人口密度和旅游人数、第三产业占比增加会迫使管理者注重生态保护,以期望获得更大的生态效益;人均道路面积增加短期内可改善该城市的森林建设水平并辐射带动相邻城市,长期来看反而限制城市森林进一步发展的空间;创建森林城市成功后的一段时间内管理者可能进一步提高城市森林建设水平,并对周围城市森林建设产生积极影响,但长期缺乏持续性。

S油田注水站站场改造和工艺优化整合效果研究

随着油田的进一步开发,注水系统水、聚驱注水站的界限将逐步被打破,单座注水站运行负荷率低,深度水和普通水注水站合建效益越发明显。通过对结合产能工程已完成改造的南十和新南十注水站进行效果评价,提出在满足改造对所辖注水管网的压力损耗影响较小的前提下,对S油田两站之间距离近、建成时间长、设备腐蚀和老化严重的8座注水站的站场采取改造和工艺优化整合措施,改造及优化后,整体核减站场4座、优化岗位用工40人,达到减员增效、降低注水单耗的目的。该项研究对其他采油厂完成注水站站场改造和工艺优化整合工作具有重要的借鉴意义。

我国绿色建筑的发展成果及环境效益

我国绿色建筑是在倡导可持续发展、低碳环保、循环经济的大背景下提出的科技环保营造概念。发展绿色建筑产业将为城乡建设及科技建筑产业的智能化发展基础。本文总结现阶段绿色建筑发展成果,明确发展方向,解读绿色建筑相关法规政策及内涵,阐述我国大力发展绿色建筑的意义,面对的挑战,现阶段产生的环境效益并提出政策建议。

精准把握大思政课建设的利、理、力

新时代对思想政治理论课高质量发展提出了新要求,“大思政课”为思政课改革创新指明了方向。“大思政课”之“大”,在现实维度上体现为明确大使命,从保障国家安全、培育时代新人、增强思政课的亲和力和针对性三个方面呈现了思政课改革创新的时代之利;在理论维度上表现为讲述大道理,从讲明马克思主义为什么行、讲好中国共产党为什么能、讲透中国特色社会主义为什么好三个方面把握了思政课教学内容的理论方位;在实践维度上要求为构建大格局,从加强党对思政课建设的领导、推动大思政课专兼队伍建设、探索实践基地和平台建设三个方面汇聚思政课高质量发展的建设合力。

基于潜力类型差异化的农村居民点建设用地整治潜力测算及释放——以华南丘陵区某县为例

从其他闲散用地、闲置建设用地及超标准宅基地3个角度对农村居民点建设用地整治潜力进行测算,从经济角度探索区域整治效益,并结合整治潜力、效益确定建设用地整治时序。结果表明,研究区农村居民点建设用地整治潜力充足,其中超标准宅基地整治潜力显著;其他闲散用地及闲置建设用地整治效益优越,超标准宅基地整治收支差异明显;农村居民点建设用地整治潜力释放大小与整治面积、效益、时序相关,由地区能力与需求决定。

施工安全标准化与绿色施工相结合策略

施工安全标准化与绿色施工是新时代背景下对项目管理提出的基本要求,二者的有机结合有助于在提高项目施工安全性的同时,减少施工对周边环境的负面影响,并起到节约资源的作用。基于此,文章首先分析了项目施工安全标准化与绿色施工相结合的必要性,然后提出了促进施工安全标准化与绿色施工有效结合的两大实践路径,即构建施工安全标准化管理体系与强化绿色施工管理,旨在保证工程项目施工顺利进行,实现项目投资经济效益最大化。

基于AHP-模糊综合评价的建筑行业农民工产业工人化综合效益评价

近年来,随着社会老龄化加剧,建筑工人老龄化问题凸显,同时叠加建筑行业下行影响,提质降本成为施工总承包企业主旋律。农民工产业工人化是解决上述问题、提高企业综合效益的重要抓手;加快打造建筑行业产业工人队伍、持续促进建筑业健康发展已经是行业共识。从管理学视角看,准确评估农民工产业工人化综合效益是科学提高其综合收益的基础。从经济效益、技术效益和社会效益三个方面构建农民工产业工人化综合效益评价指标体系,通过AHP-模糊综合评价对农民工产业工人化的综合效益进行全面评价,有助于科学有效地评估建筑行业农民工产业工人化项目的综合效益。

市政工程组合式排管装配化施工技术研究与应用

为提升市政工程组合式排管预制装配化施工质量,以河北雄安新区容东片区支路工程为依托,针对装配式组合排管在施工过程中应用的实例,从施工方法、工厂预制、现场安装3个方面的工艺开展技术研究,在确保施工质量、提高工程施工效益的同时,解决了项目组合排管施工应用中存在的问题。