负载CNT@ZnO的CNT/PAN复合纤维膜的制备与表征

以碳纳米管(CNT)为催化剂载体,利用化学沉淀法合成氧化锌/碳纳米管(CNT@ZnO)复合纳米粒子。CNT作为光敏化剂被可见光照射时会产生光生电子-空穴对,经过CNT网络传输,CNT导带上的电子被注入到ZnO的导带上,从而实现光生电子-空穴对的有效分离,对染料有稳定的光催化效果。通过组装将复合纳米粒子稳定沉积在静电纺CNT/PAN复合纤维膜表面,制备功能性复合纤维膜。结果表明,改性复合纤维膜具有极佳的亲水性,拉伸强度明显增强,对阴、阳离子染料均具有良好的光催化效果。

Bio-capped and green synthesis of ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites and its improved antibiotic and photocatalytic activities: An exceptional approach towards environmental remediation

In this research study, we have synthesized the bio-capped ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites by employing lemon juice(Citrus limon) as a stabilizer and mediator. Fruitfully, lemon juice which contains various acidic functional groups and citric acid has the capability to block the surface of g-C_(3)N_(4) from chemical reactivity and activated the surface of g-C_(3)N_(4) for various reactions. Consequently, the agglomeration behavior and controlled shape of g-C_(3)N_(4) has also been achieved. Our experimental results i.e. XRD,TEM, HRTEM, PL, FS, XPS, and PEC have confirmed that the lemon juice mediated and green g-C_(3)N_(4)(L-CN) have good performances and remarkable visible light photocatalytic activities as compared to the chemically synthesized g-C_(3)N_(4)(CN). Furthermore, the small surface area and low charge separation of g-C_(3)N_(4) is upgraded by coupling with Zn O nanoparticles. It is proved that the coupling of Zn O worked as a facilitator and photoelectron modulator to enhance the charge separation of g-C_(3)N_(4). Compared to pristine lemon-mediated green g-C_(3)N_(4)(L-CN), the most active sample 5Zn O/L-CN showed ~ 5-fold improvement in activities for ciprofloxacin(CIP) and methylene blue(MB) degradation. More specifically,the mineralization process and degradation pathways, and the mineralization process of ciprofloxacin(CIP) and methylene blue(MB) are suggested. Finally, our present novel research work will provide new access to synthesize the eco-friendly and bio-caped green g-C_(3)N_(4)nanomaterials and their employment for pollutants degradation and environmental purification.

Template synthesis of MnO_2/CNT nanocomposite and its application in rechargeable lithium batteries

Nanostructured MnO2/CNT composite was synthesized by a soft template approach in the presence of Pluronic P123 surfactant. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the sample consists of poor crystalline α-MnO2 nanorods with a diameter of about 10 nm and a length of 30-50 nm, which absorb on the carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical properties of the product as cathode material for Li-MnO2 cell are evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）. Compared with pure MnO2 electrode, the MnO2/CNT composite delivers a much larger initial capacity of 275.3 mA-h/g and better rate and cycling performance.

MoS_(2)/ZnO异质结纳米材料降解亚甲基蓝的光催化性能研究

为了提高ZnO的光转换效率,选用带隙较低的MoS_(2)形成异质结提高ZnO的光催化性能。通过水热法制备ZnO纳米棒,并进一步制备MoS_(2)/ZnO异质结构的纳米复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、固体紫外可见漫反射测试仪(UV-Vis)和紫外可见分光光度计(UV-245)等分析方法对样品的形貌、结构及光学性能等进行表征。结果表明,MoS_(2)/ZnO异质结复合材料呈棒状结构,并由于内建电场存在可有效增强光生载流子的分离效率,进而提高了可见光区的吸收,提高了光催化性能。在模拟太阳光(包含紫外波段)下,60 min时MoS_(2)-15/ZnO纳米复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达99%,比纯ZnO的降解率提高了10%。

Flexible Tactile Electronic Skin Sensor with 3D Force Detection Based on Porous CNTs/PDMS Nanocomposites

Flexible tactile sensors have broad applications in human physiological monitoring,robotic operation and human-machine interaction.However,the research of wearable and flexible tactile sensors with high sensitivity,wide sensing range and ability to detect three-dimensional(3D)force is still very challenging.Herein,a flexible tactile electronic skin sensor based on carbon nanotubes(CNTs)/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)nanocomposites is presented for 3D contact force detection.The 3D forces were acquired from combination of four specially designed cells in a sensing element.Contributed from the double-sided rough porous structure and specific surface morphology of nanocomposites,the piezoresistive sensor possesses high sensitivity of 12.1 kPa?1 within the range of 600 Pa and 0.68 kPa?1 in the regime exceeding 1 kPa for normal pressure,as well as 59.9 N?1 in the scope of<0.05 N and>2.3 N?1 in the region of<0.6 N for tangential force with ultra-low response time of 3.1 ms.In addition,multi-functional detection in human body monitoring was employed with single sensing cell and the sensor array was integrated into a robotic arm for objects grasping control,indicating the capacities in intelligent robot applications.

Synthesis of a PEBAX-1074/ZnO nanocomposite membrane with improved CO_2 separation performance

In this investigation, polymeric nanocomposite membranes（PNMs） were prepared via incorporating zinc oxide（ZnO） into poly（ether-block-amide）(PEBAX-1074) polymer matrix with different loadings. The neat membrane and nanocomposite membranes were prepared via solution casting and solution blending methods, respectively. The fabricated membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM） to survey cross-sectional morphologies and thermal gravimetric analysis（TGA）to study thermal stability. Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） analyses were also employed to identify variations of the chemical bonds and crystal structure of the membranes, respectively. Permeation of pure gases, CO, CHand Nthrough the prepared neat and nanocomposite membranes was studied at pressures of 3–18 bar and temperature of 25 °C. The obtained results showed that the fabricated nanocomposite membranes exhibit better separation performance compared to the neat PEBAX membrane in terms of both permeability and selectivity. As an example, at temperature of 25 °C and pressure of 3 bar, COpermeability, ideal CO/CHand CO/Nselectivity values for the neat PEBAX membrane are 110.67 Barrer, 11.09 and 50.08, respectively, while those values are 152.27 Barrer,13.52 and 62.15 for PEBAX/ZnO nanocomposite membrane containing 8 wt% ZnO.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO/CuO Nanocomposites Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method

In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB) and methyleneorange(MO) under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that MB and MO can be degraded completely within 15 and 25 min by the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites and its photodegradation rate is 6 times faster than that of pure ZnO. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the low recombination probability of photo-induced carriers due to the efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposites. The as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposite may be a promising candidate for dye photodegradation of wastewaters.

Tribological behavior of A356-CNT nanocomposites fabricated by various casting techniques

Tribological behaviors of monolithic A356 aluminum alloy castings and A356.CNT nanocomposite castings, fabricated by fully liquid and semisolid routes were examined. Samples were prepared by melt agitation, rheocasting, stir casting, and compocasting techniques. Effects of addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), casting process and the applied load on wear properties and mechanisms were investigated. It was found that wear loss, wear rate and friction coefficient of nanocomposite samples remarkably declined by the addition of CNTs. Moreover, changing the casting process from fully liquid to semisolid routes, plus increasing fractions of the primary phase were the two factors that improved the wear properties of the investigated samples, especially nanocomposite ones. In addition, it was revealed that adhesion and delamination were the dominant wear mechanism of the monolithic samples produced by fully liquid and semisolid routes, respectively. However, regardless of fabrication techniques, the abrasion was the main wear mechanism of nanocomposite samples.

Preparation and Characterization of Superparamagnetic Fe_3O_4/CNTs Nanocomposites Dual-drug Carrier

Fe3O4/carbon nanotubes（Fe3O4/CNTs） nanocomposites were prepared by polylol hightemperature decomposition of the precursor ferric chloride and CNTs in liquid triethylene glycol.After surface modification with hexanediamine,folate was covalently linked to the amine group of magnetic Fe3O4/CNTs nanocomposites.The products were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and vibrating sample magnetometry.Then Fe3O4/CNTs were used as a dual-drug carrier to co-delivery of the hydrophilic drug epirubicin hydrochloride and hydrophobic drug paclitaxel.The results indicated that the Fe3O4/CNTs had a favorable release property for epirubicin and paclitaxel,and thus had potential application in tumor-targeted combination chemotherapy.

Photoluminescence behavior and visible light photocatalytic activity of ZnO,ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe_2O_3 nanocomposites

In order to achieve effective, economic, and easily achievable photocatalyst for the degradation of dye methyl orange（MeO）, ZnO, ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposites were prepared by simple chemical synthetic route in the aqueous medium. Phase, crystallinity, surface structure and surface behavior of the synthesized materials were determined by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis（BET） techniques. XRD study established formation of good crystalline ZnO, ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 nanomaterials. By using intensity of constituent peaks in the XRD pattern, the compositions of nanocomposites were determined. From the BET analysis, the prepared materials show mesoporous behavior, type Ⅳ curves along with H4 hysteresis. The ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 composite shows the largest surface area among three materials. From the UV-visible spectra, the band gap energy of the materials was determined. Photoluminescence spectra（PL） were used to determine the emission behavior and surface defects in the materials. In PL spectra, the intensity of UV peak of ZnO/ZnS is lowered than that of ZnO while in case of ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3, the intensity further decreased. The visible emission spectra of ZnO/ZnS increased compared with ZnO while in ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 it is further increased compared with ZnO/ZnS. The as-synthesized materials were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of dye MeO. The photo-degradation data revealed that the ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3 is the best photocatalyst among three specimens for the degradation of dye MeO. The decrease of intensity of UV emission peak and the increase of intensity of visible emission cause the decrease of recombination of electrons and holes which are ultimately responsible for the highest photocatalytic activity of ZnO/ZnS/α-Fe2O3.

Microstructure and Electrical Conductivity of CNTs/PMMA Nanocomposite Foams Foaming by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

The carbon nanotubes（CNTs）/polymethylmethacrylate（PMMA）nanocomposite foams were prepared by the anti-solvent precipitation and supercriticalfoaming method.The morphology and the electricalconductivity of the foams with different kinds of CNTs were investigated.The experimentalresults showed that allthe foams had uniform cellstructure,and the cellsize changed from 1.9 to 10 μm when the foaming temperature ranged from 50 ℃ to 95 ℃.With smallcellsize（1.9-4.0 μm）,the conductivities of the foams were 3.34×10^（-6）-4.16×10^（-6） S/cm compared with the solid matrix since the introduction of micro cells did not destroy the conductive network.However,when the cellsize was biger（4.5-10 μm）,the aspect ratio of the CNTs played the dominant role of the conductivity.The foams with short CNTs had higher conductivity,since the short CNTs were hard to stretch and snap by the cells and can well-dispersed in the cellwalland celledges.The results of this work provided a novelmaterialdesign method for conductive foams based on the rule of both microstructure and aspect ratio of the CNTs.

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of alkaline ion-exchanged ZnO/bentonite nanocomposites

Nanocomposites of zinc/bentonite clay were synthesized for use as an antibacterial material by a quick and simple alkaline ion exchange method. The synthesis of zinc doped bentonite nanocomposite was accomplished by placing bentonite in a melting bath of ZnSO4 for 10, 20, 40, 60 and 90 rain. The complexes were characterized by XRD, SEM and DRS. XRD analyses and SEM observations confirmed the diffusion of zinc to the clay surfaces. Antibacterial activity tests against Escherichia coli showed that bentonite did not present any antibacterial properties, but after alkaline ion exchange treatment, inhibition was noted. The highest antibacterial activity was observed with ZnO/bentonite composite alkaline ion exchange for 60 and 90 rain. Interestingly, the leaching test indicated that ZnO/bentonite did not present any risk for drinking water treatment.

Optimal design of functionally graded Pm PV/CNT nanocomposite cylindrical tube for purpose of torque transmission

Carbon nanotube(CNT)/polymer nanocomposites have vast application in industry because of their light mass and high strength. In this work, a cylindrical tube which is made up of functionally graded(FG) PmP V/CNT nanocomposite, is optimally designed for the purpose of torque transmission. The main confining parameters of a rotating shaft in torque transmission process are mass of the shaft, critical speed of rotation and critical buckling torque. It is required to solve a multi-objective optimization problem(MOP) to consider these three targets simultaneously in the process of design. The three-objective optimization problem for this case is defined and solved using a hybrid method of FEM and modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II), by coupling two softwares, MATLAB and ABAQUS. Optimization process provides a set of non-dominated optimal design vectors. Then, two methods, nearest to ideal point(NIP) and technique for ordering preferences by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS), are employed to choose trade-off optimum design vectors. Optimum parameters that are obtained from this work are compared with the results of previous studies for similar cylindrical tubes made from composite or a hybrid of aluminum and composite that more than 20% improvement is observed in all of the objective functions.

Preparation of Polysulfonamide/ZnO Nanocomposite by In-Situ Polymerization

Polysulfonamide/zinc oxide(PSA/ZnO) nanocomposite films with w(ZnO)=0.5% were prepared by in-situ polymerization based on 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone and terephthaloyl chloride in the common solvent N,N-Dimethylacetamide(DMAc). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to observe the microstructure of the composite film. The thermal property was investigated by TGA and mechanical property was characterized by DXLL-1000 electromechanical material testing machine. The results showed that the breaking strength of the film containing 0.5% ZnO was great enhanced. The average size of ZnO particles was below 100 nm. The introduction of ZnO as nano filler in PSA react as UV shield effect and make the composite mechanical property improved.

Synthesis of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/ZnO Nanocomposites Using Absorbent Cotton

This letter focuses on the synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) and MWNTs/ZnO nanocomposites using absorbent cotton.The MWNTs have been synthesized by a rapid heating of absorbent cotton at different temperature(400,550,600).The MWNTs/ZnO nanocomposites have been synthesized by heating mixtures of Zn(OH)_2/H_2O/absorbent cotton at different temperature(at about 550 and600).The X-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern and energy dispersive spectrum(EDS) clearly show that the pure MWNTs and ZnO nanocomposites(with a mean size of 35.9 nm) were synthesized.The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images demonstrate that the structure of synthesized MWNTs was middle-hollow,with inner and outer diameter of around 10 and 80 nm.The ZnO nanocomposites that had grown on the walls of MWNTs were nonuniform and agglomerated,with an outer diameter of around 110 nm.The selected area diffraction(SAD) patterns and Raman spectrum indicate that the MWNTs were well-crystallised,and there are a few defects in the walls.Infrared absorption spectroscopy(IR) spectra suggest that the surface of MWNTs has been covered by ZnO.

Zn ^(2+) Release Performance in Simulated Uterine Solution and Surface Characteristics of ZnO/LDPE Nanocomposites

Zinc oxide/low-density polyethylene （LDPE） nanocomposites were prepared for intrauterine devices. The change of Zn^2＋ release rates of nanocomposites （ doped with various mass fractions of zinc oxide nanoparticles between 5wt% and 65 wt% ） for 264 days in a simulated uterine solution were investigated. The resuits show that initial burst phases are followed by near zero-order release phases. SEM technique was employed to observe the surface morphology of the 45wt% ZnO/ LDPE composite. Elements and phases on the surface of the nanocomposite after incubation were also analyzed by EDX and XRD respectively. The experimental results show that incrustation formation does not occur after incubation.

Silica encapsulated ZnO quantum dot-phosphor nanocomposites:Sol-gel preparation and white light-emitting device application

ZnO quantum dots （QDs） as an eco-friendly and low-cost material has bright fluorescence, which makes it promising material for healthy lighting and displaying. However, the low fluorescence efficiency and poor stability of ZnO QDs impede their applications in lighting application. In this work, silica encapsulated ZnO QD-phosphors nanocomposites （ZSPN） have been prepared through a sol-gel synthesis process, where yellow-emitting ZnO QDs and blue-emitting BaMgAl10O17：Eu2＋ are employed as the luminescence cores and silica as link between two luminescence materials. Tunable photoluminescence of ZSPN and the white light emission have been achieved through changing mass ratio of both of ZnO QDs and commercial phosphors. The PLQY of the ZSPN can reach 63.7% and they can maintain high luminous in- tensity even the ambient temperature up to 110 ℃ and after 35 h of UV irradiation. In addition, they can keep stable for 40 days. By coating the ZSPN phosphors onto a ultraviolet chip, WLEDs with luminous efficiency of 73.6 lm/W and the color coordinate, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index can reach （0.32, 0.34）, 5580 K, and 87, respectively, indicating the bright prospect of the ZSPN phosphors used in healthy lighting.

Ce掺杂ZnO纳米复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以ZnO作为光催化剂,稀土元素Ce为添加相,通过水热法制备了不同摩尔比Ce掺杂的ZnO纳米复合材料,以甲基橙(MO)染料为降解对象,研究了Ce掺杂摩尔比对ZnO纳米复合材料的晶格结构、微观形貌和光催化性能的影响。结果表明,制备的Ce-ZnO纳米复合材料均为六方晶系纤锌矿结构,外观为不规则的颗粒状,Ce掺杂后使ZnO的表面粗糙度增加。Ce掺杂后在ZnO中无新产物产生,没有影响ZnO的结构。随着Ce掺杂摩尔比的增大,Ce-ZnO的比表面积逐渐增大,吸收边先增大后减小,禁带宽度先降低后升高,光致发光强度先降低后增大。0.6%Ce-ZnO的比表面积达到33.91 m^(2)/g,吸收边最大为394 nm,禁带宽度最小为2.97 eV,对应的光致发光强度最低。光催化降解测试表明,随着Ce掺杂摩尔比的增大,Ce-ZnO对MO的光催化降解率先增大后降低,0.6%Ce-ZnO在180 min时对MO的降解率达到最大值95.36%。强酸或强碱条件下均不利于光催化反应的进行,在pH值=5的弱酸条件下0.6%Ce-ZnO对MO的降解率最高达到99.16%。0.6%Ce-ZnO光催化剂重复使用5次时对MO的降解率依旧超过70%,具有良好的使用稳定性和经济效益。

Highly stable Ga-doped ZnO/polystyrene nanocomposite film with narrow-band cyan emission

In the present study,a simple method for the preparation of a luminescent flexible gallium doped zinc oxide(GZO)/polystyrene nanocomposite film was developed.The prepared GZO powder was characterized through different optical and structural techniques.The XRD study revealed the existence of a wurtzite structure with no extra oxide peaks.Elemental-mapping,EDX,FTIR and XPS analyses were used to confirm the presence of elements and the several groups present in the structure.Under excitations of UV,the prepared hybrid nanocomposite showed a strong cyan emission with narrow full width at half the maximum value(20 nm)that has not been reported before.X-ray and laser-induced luminescence results of the hy-brid film revealed novel blue-green emission at room temperature.The prepared composite film showed a strong scintillation re-sponse to ionizing radiation.The strong emissions,very weak deep-level emissions,and low FWHM of composite indicate the de-sirable optical properties with low-density structural defects in the GZO composite structure.Therefore,the prepared hybrid film can be considered to be a suitable candidate for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices.

Fabrication and Characterization of Alumina/CNTs Nanocomposite Powders, by CCVD Method and Investigation of the Parameter Involved

Ceramics in general and particularly alumina （Al2O3） are important materials in various industries, but the main problem with these materials is related to some of their mechanical properties including low resistance against mechanical shock （hardness-toughness）, which makes them to be so brittle, and possession of high degree of porosity which reduces their strength and gives them fragile characteristics. Researchers report indicates that the presence of the second phase with suitable properties can improve some of the mechanical properties of these materials and optimize their characteristic. Carbon nanotubes with unique physical characteristics such as large aspect ratio, high strength and Young＇s modulus and improved thermal properties could be suitable candidates for this purpose. In this study, the growth of multi wall carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） on the alumina support as the matrix of the composite has been carried out, using catalytic chemical vapor deposition （CCVD） method in which the iron nanoparticles has been selected as catalyst materials. Ethylene gas is used as feed materials for carbon source and argon as the carrier gas. In order to achieve a more comprehensive results, we have investigated the effects of some fabricating parameters like catalyst particle size, its weight percentage related to support material, alumina and to the some synthesizing temperature gases flow rate. Fabricated ceramics composites samples structures were analyzed using SEM images as well as Raman scattering spectra and X-ray diffraction pattern.