Low-energy-consumption temperature swing system for CO_(2) capture by combining passive radiative cooling and solar heating

Temperature-swing adsorption(TSA)is an effective technique for CO_(2) capture,but the temperature swing procedure is energy-intensive.Herein,we report a low-energy-consumption system by combining passive radiative cooling and solar heating for the uptake of CO_(2) on commercial activated carbons(CACs).During adsorption,the adsorbents are coated with a layer of hierarchically porous poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene)[P(VdF-HFP)HP],which cools the adsorbents to a low temperature under sunlight through radiative cooling.For desorption,CACs with broad absorption of the solar spectrum are exposed to light irradiation for heating.The heating and cooling processes are completely driven by solar energy.Adsorption tests under mimicked sunlight using the CACs show that the performance of this system is comparable to that of the traditional ones.Furthermore,under real sunlight irradiation,the adsorption capacity of the CACs can be well maintained after multiple cycles.The present work may inspire the development of new temperature swing procedures with little energy consumption.

Highly efficient CO_(2) capture using 2-methylimidazole aqueous solution on laboratory and pilot-scale

To date,the primary industrial carbon capture approach is still absorption using aqueous solutions of alkanolamines.Here,to pursue a substitute for the amine-based approach to improve the CO_(2) capture efficiency and decrease the energy cost further,we report a new carbon capture approach using a 2-methylimidazole(mIm)aqueous solution.The properties and sorption behaviors of this approach have been experimentally investigated.The results show that the mIm solution has higher CO_(2) absorption capacity under relatively higher equilibrium pressure(>130 kPa)and lower desorption heat than the methyldiethanolamine solution.91.6%sorption capacity of mIm solution can be recovered at 353.15 K and 80 kPa.The selectivity for CO_(2)/N_(2) and CO_(2)/CH_(4) can reach an exceptional 7609 and 4324,respectively.Furthermore,the pilot-scale tests were also performed,and the results demonstrate that more than 98%of CO_(2) in the feed gas could be removed and cyclic absorption capacity can reach 1 mol·L^(-1).This work indicates that mIm is an excellent alternative to alkanolamines for carbon capture in the industry.

Recent advances in intermediate-temperature CO_(2) capture: Materials,technologies and applications

Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS) is widely recognized as a vital strategy for mitigating the impact of human induced climate change.Among various CO_(2) adsorbents,intermediate-temperature solid adsorbents have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in hydrogen utilization,specifically in the water gas shift,steam reforming and gasification processes.These processes are crucial for achieving carbon neutrality.While laboratory-level studies have showcased the high adsorption capacity of these materials via various synthesis and modification methods,their practical application in complex industrial environments remains challenging,impeding the commercialization process.This review aims to critically summarize the recent research progress made in intermediatetemperature(200-400℃) solid CO_(2) adsorbents,particularly focusing on indicators such as cyclability,gas selectivity,and formability,which play vital roles in industrial application scenarios.Additionally,we provide an overview of laboratory-level advanced technologies specifically tailored for industrial applications.Furthermore,we highlight several industrial-ready advanced technologies that can pave the way for overcoming the challenges associated with large-scale implementation.The insights provided by this review aim to assist researchers in identifying the most relevant research directions for industrial applications.By promoting advances in the application of solid adsorbents,we strive to facilitate the ultimate goal of achieving carbon neutrality.

Hollow tubes constructed by carbon nanotubes self-assembly for CO_(2) capture

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have garnered significant attention in the fields of science,engineering,and medicine due to their numerous advantages.The initial step towards harnessing the potential of CNTs involves their macroscopic assembly.The present study employed a gentle and direct self-assembly technique,wherein controlled growth of CNT sheaths occurred on the metal wire’s surface,followed by etching of the remaining metal to obtain the hollow tubes composed of CNTs.By controlling the growth time and temperature,it is possible to alter the thickness of the CNTs sheath.After immersing in a solution containing 1 g/L of CNTs at 60℃ for 24 h,the resulting CNTs layer achieved a thickness of up to 60μm.These hollow CNTs tubes with varying inner diameters were prepared through surface reinforcement using polymers and sacrificing metal wires,thereby exhibiting exceptional attributes such as robustness,flexibility,air tightness,and high adsorption capacity that effectively capture CO_(2) from the gas mixture.

Scalable Jet-Based Fabrication of PEI-Hydrogel Particles for CO_(2)Capture

The capture,regeneration,and conversion of CO_(2)from ambient air and flue gas streams are critical aspects of mitigating global warming.Solid sorbents for CO_(2)absorption are very promising as they have high mass transfer areas without energy input and reduce emissions and minimize corrosion as compared to liquid sorbents.However,precisely tunable solid CO_(2)sorbents are difficult to produce.Here,we demonstrate the high-throughput production of hydrogel-based CO_(2)-absorbing particles via liquid jetting.By wrapping a liquid jet consisting of an aqueous solution of cross-linkable branched polyethylenimine(PEI)with a layer of suspension containing hydrophobic silica nanoparticles,monodisperse droplets with a silica nanoparticle coating layer was formed in the air.A stable Pickering emulsion containing PEI droplets was obtained after these ejected droplets were collected in a heated oil bath.The droplets turn into mm-sized particles after thermal curing in the bath.The diameter,PEI content,and silica content of the particles were systematically varied,and their CO_(2)absorption was measured as a function of time.Steam regeneration of the particles enabled cyclic testing,revealing a CO_(2)absorption capacity of 6.5±0.5 mol kg^(−1)solid PEI in pure CO_(2)environments and 0.7±0.3 mol kg^(−1)solid PEI for direct air capture.Several thousands of particles were produced per second at a rate of around 0.5 kg per hour,with a single nozzle.This process can be further scaled by parallelization.The complete toolbox for the design,fabrication,testing,and regeneration of functional hydrogel particles provides a powerful route toward novel solid sorbents for regenerative CO_(2)capture.

Regulation of interlayer channels of graphene oxide nanosheets in ultra-thin Pebax mixed-matrix membranes for CO_(2) capture

For the application of carbon capture by membrane process,it is crucial to develop a highly permeable CO_(2)-selective membrane.In this work,we reported an ultra-thin polyether-block-amide(Pebax)mixedmatrix membranes(MMMs)incorporated by graphene oxide(GO),in which the interlayer channels were regulated to optimize the CO_(2)/N_(2) separation performance.Various membrane preparation conditions were systematically investigated on the influence of the membrane structure and separation performance,including the lateral size of GO nanosheets,GO loading,thermal reduction temperature,and time.The results demonstrated that the precisely regulated interlayer channel of GO nanosheets can rapidly provide CO_(2)-selective transport channels due to the synergetic effects of size sieving and preferential adsorption.The GO/Pebax ultra-thin MMMs exhibited CO_(2)/N_(2) selectivity of 72 and CO_(2) permeance of 400 GPU(1 GPU=106 cm^(3)(STP)·cm^(2)·s^(-1)·cmHg^(-1)),providing a promising candidate for CO_(2) capture.

The Capture and Catalytic Conversion of CO_(2) by Dendritic Mesoporous Silica-Based Nanoparticles

Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles own three-dimensional center-radial channels and hierarchical pores,which endows themselves with super-high specific surface area,extremely large pore volumes,especially accessible internal spaces,and so forth.Dissimilar guest species(such as organic groups or metal nanoparticles)could be readily decorated onto the interfaces of the channels and pores,realizing the functionalization of dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted applications.As adsorbents and catalysts,dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials have experienced nonignorable development in CO_(2)capture and catalytic conversion.This comprehensive review provides a critical survey on this pregnant subject,summarizing the designed construction of novel dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials,the involved chemical reactions(such as CO_(2)methanation,dry reforming of CH_(4)),the value-added chemicals from CO_(2)(such as cyclic carbonates,2-oxazolidinones,quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones),and so on.The adsorptive and catalytic performances have been compared with traditional silica mesoporous materials(such as SBA-15 or MCM-41),and the corresponding reaction mechanisms have been thoroughly revealed.It is sincerely expected that the in-depth discussion could give materials scientists certain inspiration to design brand-new dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based materials with superior capabilities towards CO_(2)capture,utilization,and storage.

CO_(2)capture costs of chemical looping combustion of biomass:A comparison of natural and synthetic oxygen carrier

Chemical looping combustion has the potential to be an efficient and low-cost technology capable of contributing to the reduction of the atmospheric concentration of CO_(2) in order to reach the 1.5/2°C goal and mitigate climate change.In this process,a metal oxide is used as oxygen carrier in a dual fluidized bed to generate clean CO_(2) via combustion of biomass.Most commonly,natural ores or synthetic materials are used as oxygen carrier whereas both must meet special requirements for the conversion of solid fuels.Synthetic oxygen carriers are characterized by higher reactivity at the expense of higher costs versus the lower-cost natural ores.To determine the viability of both possibilities,a techno-economic comparison of a synthetic material based on manganese,iron,and copper to the natural ore ilmenite was conducted.The synthetic oxygen carrier was characterized and tested in a pilot plant,where high combustion efficiencies up to 98.4%and carbon capture rates up to 98.5%were reached.The techno-economic assessment resulted in CO_(2) capture costs of 75 and 40€/tCO_(2) for the synthetic and natural ore route respectively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impact of production costs and attrition rates of the synthetic material.The synthetic oxygen carrier could break even with the natural ore in case of lower production costs and attrition rates,which could be reached by adapting the production process and recycling material.By comparison to state-of-the-art technologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the capture cost of CO_(2) could be reduced by implementing the chemical looping combustion technology.

The Joule–Thomson effect of (CO_(2)+H_(2)) binary system relevant to gas switching reforming with carbon capture and storage(CCS)

The Joule-Thomson effect is one of the important thermodynamic properties in the system relevant to gas switching reforming with carbon capture and storage(CCS). In this work, a set of apparatus was set up to determine the Joule-Thomson effect of binary mixtures(CO_(2)+ H_(2)). The accuracy of the apparatus was verified by comparing with the experimental data of carbon dioxide. The Joule-Thomson coefficients(μ_(JT)) for(CO_(2)+ H_(2)) binary mixtures with mole fractions of carbon dioxide(x_(CO_(2))= 0.1, 0.26, 0.5,0.86, 0.94) along six isotherms at various pressures were measured. Five equations of state EOSs(PR,SRK, PR, BWR and GERG-2008 equation) were used to calculate the μ_(JT)for both pure systems and binary systems, among which the GERG-2008 predicted best with a wide range of pressure and temperature.Moreover, the Joule-Thomson inversion curves(JTIC) were calculated with five equations of state. A comparison was made between experimental data and predicted data for the inversion curve of CO_(2). The investigated EOSs show a similar prediction of the low-temperature branch of the JTIC for both pure and binary systems, except for the BWRS equation of state. Among all the equations, SRK has the most similar result to GERG-2008 for predicting JTIC.

miR-124通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB/CCL2对脑梗死大鼠神经元凋亡的影响

目的探讨微小RNA(miR)-124通过抑制Toll样受体(TLR)4/核因子(NF)-κB/CC类趋化因子配体(CCL)2对脑梗死(CI)大鼠神经元凋亡的影响。方法通过线栓闭塞大脑中动脉法建立CI大鼠模型60只,以随机数表法平均分为5组:模型组、miR-124激活剂(miR-124 agomir)组、TLR4过表达质粒组、miR-124 agomir阴性对照+空载质粒组、miR-124 agomir+TLR4过表达质粒组,另取12只大鼠只分离颈动脉,作为假手术组。分组干预后,评测大鼠神经功能缺损情况,比较各组神经功能缺损评分;采用三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC)染色检测大鼠CI情况,比较各组CI面积;采用TUNEL染色检测海马神经元凋亡情况,比较各组海马神经元凋亡率;采用试剂盒测量各组血清活性氧(ROS)及炎症因子环氧合酶(COX)-2、白细胞介素(IL)-17水平;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)实验检测各组脑组织miR-124表达;采用Western印迹实验检测各组脑组织凋亡及TLR4/NF-κB/CCL2通路蛋白表达。结果与假手术组比较,模型组、miR-124 agomir阴性对照+空载质粒组、miR-124 agomir+TLR4过表达质粒组脑组织miR-124与B淋巴细胞瘤-2蛋白(Bcl-2)蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),神经功能缺损评分、CI面积、海马神经元凋亡率、血清ROS及炎症因子COX-2、IL-17水平、脑组织Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、TLR4、核内NF-κB p65、CCL2蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组、miR-124 agomir+TLR4过表达质粒组分别比较,miR-124 agomir组脑组织miR-124与Bcl-2蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05),神经功能缺损评分、CI面积、海马神经元凋亡率、血清ROS及炎症因子COX-2、IL-17水平、脑组织Bax、TLR4、核内NF-κB p65、CCL2蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而TLR4过表达质粒组脑组织miR-124与Bcl-2蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),神经功能缺损评分、CI面积、海马神经元凋亡率、血清ROS及炎症因子COX-2、IL-17水平、脑组织Bax、TLR4、核内NF-κB p65、CCL2蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,miR-124 agomir阴性对照+空载质粒组各指标水平无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论miR-124可通过下调TLR4/NF-κB/CCL2通路蛋白表达,抑制炎症,减轻脑组织梗死及海马神经元凋亡,修复CI大鼠神经功能。

血清CC型趋化因子2、CC型趋化因子18与声门型喉癌患者临床病理参数和预后的关系

目的研究血清CC型趋化因子2(CC type chemotactic factor 2,CCL2)、CCL18与声门型喉癌患者临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法选择邯郸市中心医院和河北工程大学附属医院2015年8月~2018年12月收治的168例声门型喉癌患者为研究对象,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线确定血清CCL2、CCL18最佳截点,将患者分为CCL2高表达组和低表达组、CCL18高表达组和低表达组,分析血清CCL2、CCL18水平与声门型喉癌患者临床病理参数的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Log-Rankχ^(2)检验分析血清CCL2高表达组和低表达组、CCL18高表达组和低表达组的5年无病生存率,采用Cox回归模型分析声门型喉癌预后的影响因素,并分析血清CCL2和CCL18表达与肿瘤复发/转移的关系。结果根据ROC曲线计算得出CCL2、CCL18的最佳截点分别为100.81、218.99 pg/ml。相较于CCL2、CCL18低表达组,CCL2、CCL18高表达组T3~T4a级、N1~N3级、肿瘤低分化占比明显升高(P<0.05)。168例声门型喉癌患者随访5年失访8例,完成随访160例。67例发生复发/转移,39例因复发/转移而死亡,肿瘤复发/转移率为41.88%(67/160),无病生存率为58.13%(93/160)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲分析显示,血清CCL2、CCL18高表达组5年无病生存率均明显低于血清CCL2、CCL18低表达组(P<0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,T分级升高、颈淋巴结复发、N分级升高、咽喉部复发、CCL2高表达、CCL18高表达是声门型喉癌预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。分析血清CCL2和CCL18表达与肿瘤复发/转移的关系发现,CCL2和CCL18均高表达时其复发/转移率明显高于CCL2和CCL18均低表达、CCL2低表达且CCL18高表达、CCL2高表达且CCL18低表达,差异比较有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.450,P=0.015)。结论声门型喉癌患者血清CCL2、CCL18高表达与T分级、N分级、肿瘤低分化和预后不良显著相关。

注意缺陷多动障碍患儿血清ACE2,TWEAK和CCL5水平检测及诊断价值研究

目的 探究血清血管紧张素转换酶2(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,ACE2),细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子样细胞凋亡弱诱导因子(tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis,TWEAK)和CC趋化因子配体5(CC motif chemokine ligand 5,CCL5)水平在注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)患儿诊断、病情严重程度评估中的价值。方法 选取2022年10月~2023年10月在河北省儿童医院就诊的125例ADHD患儿记为ADHD组,另选105例在河北省妇幼保健中心体检的健康儿童为对照组,根据临床总体印象严重程度量表(CGI-S)将患儿分为轻中度组(n=83)和重度组(n=42)。ELISA方法检测血清ACE2,TWEAK,CCL5,促黄体生成素(LH)和催乳素(PRL)水平,联合型瑞文测验(CRT)和Conners父母症状问卷(PSQ)对患儿认知和行为状况进行评分。Spearman相关性分析重度组血清ACE2,TWEAK,CCL5与CGI-S,CRT,PSQ评分的相关性;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析ACE2,TWEAK,CCL5对ADHD及严重程度的诊断价值。结果 ADHD患儿血清ACE2(284.35±92.34 pg/ml),TWEAK(2.56±0.76 pg/ml)水平低于对照组(379.23±106.28 pg/ml,3.52±1.12 pg/ml),CCL5水平(7.36±2.37ng/ml)高于对照组(5.24±1.63 ng/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=7.244,7.703,7.753,均P<0.05);重度组患儿CRT,血清ACE2,TWEAK水平低于轻中度组(t=5.318,6.686,6.490),而PSQ,CCL5水平较高于轻中度组(t=5.220,6.134),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析结果显示,重度组患儿血清ACE2,TWEAK水平与CGI-S,PSQ评分负相关(r=-0.432,-0.453;-0.421,-0.426,均P<0.001),与CRT评分呈正相关(r=0.427,0.418,均P<0.001);CCL5与CGI-S,PSQ评分呈正相关(r=0.421,0.433,均P<0.001),与CRT评分呈负相关(r=-0.446,P<0.001)。血清ACE2,TWEAK和CCL5诊断ADHD发生的AUC分别为0.814,0.803和0.807,三者联合诊断的AUC为0.945,优于各自单独诊断(Z=5.439,4.258,5.576,均P<0.001);血清ACE2,TWEAK,CCL5诊断重度ADHD的AUC分别为0.853,0.796和0.805,三者联合诊断的AUC为0.930,优于各自单独诊断(Z=2.604,3.851,3.567,均P<0.001)。结论 血清ACE2,TWEAK在ADHD患儿血清中低表达,而CCL5高表达,三者表达水平具有相关性,并且诊断ADHD发生和严重程度具有较高的价值。

鄂尔多斯盆地CCS-EOR项目CO_(2)泄漏环境风险评估

以鄂尔多斯盆地乔家洼CCS-EOR项目为例,通过工程活动指标分解及选项设计,形成涵盖油区特征、储盖层特征、工程设计、工程监管4大类20个指标的环境风险可能性判定指标体系,利用问卷调查和专家打分法,界定驱油工程环境风险可能性。结合国内外文献分析,开展项目对空气、土壤和微生物、作物、动物及人群等环境风险受体的影响程度界定,基于界定结果,按照风险评估矩阵,对该工程CO_(2)泄漏环境风险水平的评估结论为低风险,在后期运行过程中应强化风险防范与监测。

木犀草素对神经性疼痛模型大鼠MCP-1/CCR2信号轴的影响

目的:探讨木犀草素调节单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)/CC趋化因子受体2(CCR2)信号轴,对神经性疼痛(NP)模型大鼠神经胶质细胞激活和免疫炎症的影响。方法:采用坐骨神经慢性压迫损伤法构建大鼠NP模型。将大鼠按随机数字表法分为模型组、阿魏酸钠组及木犀草素低、中、高剂量组,每组12只;另选择同期12只大鼠为假手术组。各组大鼠腹腔注射及灌胃相应药物,每天1次,连续14 d。测定大鼠机械性缩足反射阈值(MWT)和热刺激缩足反射潜伏期(TWL);实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)及免疫组织化学法检测脊髓中胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及小胶质细胞标志物离子钙接头蛋白分子1(Iba-1)mRNA及蛋白表达;流式细胞仪检测大鼠外周血中CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)水平;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠脊髓病理损伤情况;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测脊髓中炎症因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平;蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)检测脊髓中MCP-1、CCR2蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠MWT、TWL、CD4^(+)T细胞比例及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值降低,Iba-1、GFAP mRNA及蛋白表达、CD8^(+)T细胞比例、炎症因子水平(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)、MCP-1及CCR2蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,木犀草素低、中、高剂量组及阿魏酸钠组大鼠MWT、TWL、CD4^(+)T细胞比例及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值升高,Iba-1、GFAP mRNA及蛋白表达、CD8^(+)T细胞比例、炎症因子水平(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)、MCP-1及CCR2蛋白表达降低,且木犀草素作用效果呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。结论:木犀草素具有抗炎、增强免疫、抑制胶质细胞活化,缓解NP的作用,其作用机制可能与抑制MCP-1/CCR2信号轴的激活有关。

非小细胞肺癌患者血清CCL11、LCN-2水平及其诊断价值

目的探究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子(CCL11)、脂质转运蛋白-2(LCN-2)水平及其对NSCLC的诊断价值。方法选取2019年10月至2022年12月该院收治的NSCLC患者为NSCLC组(80例),另选取同期在该院进行诊治的80例肺部良性病变患者及80例健康志愿者为良性对照组和健康对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清CCL11、LCN-2水平;比较3组受试者一般资料及血清CCL11、LCN-2水平;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清CCL11、LCN-2对NSCLC的诊断价值;采用多因素Logistic回归分析NSCLC发生的影响因素。结果NSCLC组血清CCL11、LCN-2水平均显著高于良性对照组和健康对照组(P<0.05),而良性对照组与健康对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同性别、年龄、病理类型NSCLC患者血清CCL11、LCN-2水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),有吸烟史、从事高油烟、粉尘等相关工作、中低分化程度、肿瘤最大径>3 cm、淋巴结发生转移、TNM分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期的NSCLC患者血清CCL11、LCN-2水平均显著高于无吸烟史、未从事高油烟、粉尘等相关工作、高分化程度、肿瘤最大径≤3 cm、淋巴结未转移、TNM分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的NSCLC患者(P<0.05);ROC曲线结果显示,CCL11、LCN-2单独及二者联合评估诊断NSCLC的曲线下面积分别为0.849、0.841、0.926,灵敏度分别为73.8%、75.0%、85.0%,特异度分别为70.1%、70.0%、75.0%,二者联合诊断NSCLC的效能高于二者单独诊断(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟、从事高油烟、粉尘等相关工作及血清CCL11、LCN-2水平均是NSCLC发生的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论在NSCLC患者中,血清CCL11、LCN-2水平均显著增加,且与NSCLC患者临床病理特征密切相关,二者在诊断NSCLC中具有一定的临床价值。

CC类趋化因子受体2、Th1/Th2细胞在IgA肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化中的表达及意义

目的检测IgA肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化中CC类趋化因子受体2(C-C motif chemokine receptor 2,CCR2)的表达和辅助性T细胞1/2(helper T cell 1/2,Th1/Th2)的含量,并观察其在肾脏纤维化中的作用。方法40只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为模型组和对照组,每组20只。采用脂多糖+改良牛血清白蛋白+四氯化碳法构建免疫球蛋白A(IgA)肾病模型。观察大鼠肾组织病理改变和IgA沉淀,计算胶原纤维占肾组织百分比,采用Katafuchi评分标准评估肾小管间质损伤程度。蛋白质印迹测定肾组织CCR2水平。双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法测定血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平。流式细胞术检测Th1/Th2细胞比例。结果模型组大鼠肾组织胶原纤维面积百分比和Katafuchi评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);模型组大鼠肾组织CCR2、血清IL-4水平、Th2细胞含量及IL-4/IFN-γ比值显著高于对照组,血清IFN-γ水平、Th1细胞含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);CCR2和IL-4水平及IL-4/IFN-γ比值与胶原纤维面积百分比、Katafuchi评分呈正相关(P<0.05);IFN-γ水平与胶原纤维面积百分比、Katafuchi评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论CCR2和Th1/Th2失衡参与IgA肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化发生和发展,拮抗CCR2和调节Th1/Th2平衡有可能减轻IgA肾病大鼠肾脏纤维化改变。

脊髓背根神经节ZXDC介导CCL2对慢性压迫性 神经损伤小鼠神经性疼痛的作用

目的探讨脊髓背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)中转录因子锌指X连锁复制C(zinc finger X-linked duplicated C,ZXDC)介导CCL2/CCR2信号通路对慢性压迫性神经损伤(chronic construction injury model,CCI)诱导神经性疼痛的作用及机制。方法构建小鼠坐骨神经慢性压迫性损伤模型,免疫荧光染色、Western blot法和实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测正常情况和CCI造模后DRG中ZXDC及CCL2表达变化;将实验动物分为假手术(Sham)组、CCI+AAV-NC组和CCI+AAV-ZXDC siRNA组;Western blot法和免疫荧光染色检测各组小鼠CCI造模后各时间点DRG中ZXDC、CCL2和CCR2表达,RT-qPCR检测DRG中促炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达,机械性缩足反射测试检测神经性疼痛行为改变。结果ZXDC表达定位在DRG大、中、小神经元。CCI损伤后1~3天DRG中ZXDC和CCL2蛋白和mRNA表达显著增高,CCI后7天二者表达显著降低,ZXDC和CCL2mRNA表达量呈正相关(P均<0.05)。CCI后3天,与Sham组比较,CCI+AAV-NC组和CCI+AAV-ZXDC siRNA组ZXDC、CCL2、CCR2蛋白表达、TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA表达显著增高,其中CCI+AAV-ZXDC siRNA组较CCI+AAV-NC组ZXDC、CCL2、CCR2蛋白表达、TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA显著降低(P均<0.05)。与Sham组比较,CCI+AAV-ZXDC siRNA组和CCI+AAV-NC组CCI后各时间点机械缩足阈值均显著降低,其中CCI后7天,CCI+AAV-ZXDC siRNA组机械缩足阈值显著高于CCI+AAV-NC组(P均<0.05)。结论脊髓背根神经节ZXDC基因敲减通过抑制CCL2/CCR2信号通路介导CCI诱导的神经性疼痛。

血清Th1/Th2趋化因子CXCL10、CCL22水平与溃疡性结肠炎患者疾病活动度的关系

目的探讨溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者血清1型辅助性T细胞(Th1)/2型辅助性T细胞(Th2)趋化因子配体10(CXCL10)、CC类趋化因子22(CCL22)表达水平及其与疾病活动度的关系。方法选择2019年1月至2022年6月河南中医药大学第一附属医院收治的157例UC患者作为UC组,43例同期健康体检者作为对照组。采用UC内镜下严重程度指数(UCEIS)评分评估UC疾病的活动度,采用改良梅奥(Mayo)评分评估UC病情程度。UC组患者根据疾病活动度分为缓解组90例和活动组67例。比较三组受检者的血清CXCL10、CCL22、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、中性粒细胞计数和白蛋白(Alb)。采用Pearson相关性分析法分析上述各项指标与改良Mayo评分、UCEIS评分的相关性,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清CXCL10、CCL22对UC疾病活动度的预测价值。结果活动组患者的血清CXCL10、CCL22、ESR、CRP、中性粒细胞计数分别为(64.06±11.57)ng/mL、(189.15±36.11)ng/mL、(10.95±1.42)mm/h、(15.74±2.56)mg/L、(9.71±0.93)×10^(9)/L,明显高于缓解组的(49.05±11.75)ng/mL、(149.27±27.17)ng/mL、(7.61±0.89)mm/h、(11.53±1.45)mg/L、(5.67±0.82)×10^(9)/L,缓解组的上述各项指标明显高于对照组的(21.21±6.21)ng/mL、(138.22±23.72)ng/mL、(4.98±0.65)mm/h、(7.76±1.48)mg/L、(3.81±0.75)×10^(9)/L,但活动组患者的Alb为(7.21±1.42)g/L,明显低于缓解组的(9.39±1.38)g/L和对照组的(13.26±2.43)g/L,且缓解组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);活动组患者的改良Mayo评分、UCEIS评分分别为(7.06±0.88)分、(4.39±0.47)分,明显高于缓解组的(3.58±0.72)分、(2.17±0.36)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析结果显示,UC患者CXCL10、CCL22、ESR、CRP、中性粒细胞计数与改良Mayo评分、UCEIS评分均呈正相关(P<0.05),Alb与改良Mayo评分、UCEIS评分均呈负相关(P<0.05);经ROC分析结果显示,血清CXCL10、CCL22及两者联合检测预测UC疾病活动度的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.813、0.810和0.888,联合预测较单一指标预测的准确度更高。结论UC患者血清CXCL10、CCL22水平升高程度与疾病活动度情况具有密切的关系,两者联合检测对UC患者疾病活动度情况具有较高的预测价值。

妊娠糖尿病患者血清LRG1和CCL2水平对产后血糖转归的预测价值

目的 观察血清富亮氨酸α2-糖蛋白(LRG1)和CC趋化因子配体2(CCL2)水平对妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者产后血糖转归的预测价值。方法 回顾性选取2020年1月至2023年6月邯郸市第一医院收治的110例GDM患者作为研究对象,根据产后6周血糖转归情况将患者分为正常组(n=65)与异常组(n=45)。比较两组患者孕晚期及产后的糖脂代谢指标[糖化血红蛋白(GHb)、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]和血清LRG1、CCL2水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析对患者产后血糖转归的影响因素进行分析,应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估LRG1、CCL2水平及两者联合对GDM患者产后血糖转归的预测价值。结果 两组患者孕晚期及产后的GHb、总胆固醇、HDL-C、LDL-C水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);正常组患者孕晚期及产后的空腹血糖、2 hPG、HOMA-IR、甘油三酯水平均低于异常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。正常组孕晚期及产后的LRG1、CCL2水平均低于异常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistci回归分析显示,空腹血糖、HOMA-IR、LRG1、CCL2与GDM患者产后血糖转归密切相关(P<0.05)。血清LRG1、CCL2水平联合检测对GDM患者产后血糖转归预测的曲线下面积为0.879。结论 GDM患者产后血糖正常者的孕晚期及产后的血清LRG1、CCL2水平均明显低于异常者。LRG1、CCL2联合检测能够有效预测GDM患者产后血糖转归情况。

替诺福韦对肝星状细胞活化及CCR2表达水平的影响

目的:研究药物替诺福韦(TDF)对人肝星状细胞(LX-2)的CC趋化因子受体2(CCR2)表达的影响,探讨TDF在肝纤维化疾病发展中发挥抗纤维化的作用机制。方法:以LX-2作为体外实验研究对象,使用HE染色观察用药后细胞增殖情况。利用蛋白质印迹法检测使用不同浓度TDF和CCR2小干扰RNA(siRNA)对LX-2细胞α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)及CCR2蛋白表达水平的影响。结果:siRNA沉默CCR2表达可显著下调肝纤维化相关蛋白α-SMA表达(P<0.01);TDF抑制LX-2细胞的增殖活化,明显降低细胞CCR2及α-SMA的蛋白表达水平(P<0.01)。结论:TDF可通过抑制CCR2表达抑制肝星状细胞活化,发挥抗肝纤维化作用。