Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pneumonia outbreak started in December 2019.On March 12,2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)constitutes...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pneumonia outbreak started in December 2019.On March 12,2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)constitutes a pandemic,and as of May 2021,SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 167.3 million patients,including 3.4 million deaths,reported to WHO.In this review,we will focus on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the liver.We will discuss how chronic liver diseases affect the COVID-19 disease course and outcomes.We will also discuss the SARS-CoV-2 effects on the liver,mechanisms of acute liver injury,and potential management plans.展开更多
Today,due to the pandemic of COVID-19 the entire world is facing a serious health crisis.According to the World Health Organization(WHO),people in public places should wear a face mask to control the rapid transmissio...Today,due to the pandemic of COVID-19 the entire world is facing a serious health crisis.According to the World Health Organization(WHO),people in public places should wear a face mask to control the rapid transmission of COVID-19.The governmental bodies of different countries imposed that wearing a face mask is compulsory in public places.Therefore,it is very difficult to manually monitor people in overcrowded areas.This research focuses on providing a solution to enforce one of the important preventative measures of COVID-19 in public places,by presenting an automated system that automatically localizes masked and unmasked human faces within an image or video of an area which assist in this outbreak of COVID-19.This paper demonstrates a transfer learning approach with the Faster-RCNN model to detect faces that are masked or unmasked.The proposed framework is built by fine-tuning the state-of-the-art deep learning model,Faster-RCNN,and has been validated on a publicly available dataset named Face Mask Dataset(FMD)and achieving the highest average precision(AP)of 81%and highest average Recall(AR)of 84%.This shows the strong robustness and capabilities of the Faster-RCNN model to detect individuals with masked and un-masked faces.Moreover,this work applies to real-time and can be implemented in any public service area.展开更多
Throughout the past 2020,the pandemic COVID-19 has caused a big global shock,meanwhile it brought a great impact on the public health network.Trauma emergency system faced a giant challenge and how to manage trauma un...Throughout the past 2020,the pandemic COVID-19 has caused a big global shock,meanwhile it brought a great impact on the public health network.Trauma emergency system faced a giant challenge and how to manage trauma under the pandemic of COVID-19 was widely discussed.However,the trauma treatment of special population(geriatric patients and patients taking anticoagulant drugs)has received inadequate attention.Due to the high mortality following severe traumatic hemorrhage,hemostasis and traumainduced coagulopathy are the important concerns in trauma treatment.Sepsis is another topic should not be ignored when we talking about trauma.COVID-19 itself is a special kind of sepsis,and it may even be called as serious systemic infection syndrome.Sepsis has been become a serious problem waiting to be solved urgently no matter in the fields of trauma,or in intensive care and infection,etc.This article reviewed the research progress in areas including trauma emergency care,trauma bleeding and coagulation,geriatric trauma and basic research of trauma within 2020.展开更多
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pneumonia outbreak started in December 2019.On March 12,2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)constitutes a pandemic,and as of May 2021,SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 167.3 million patients,including 3.4 million deaths,reported to WHO.In this review,we will focus on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the liver.We will discuss how chronic liver diseases affect the COVID-19 disease course and outcomes.We will also discuss the SARS-CoV-2 effects on the liver,mechanisms of acute liver injury,and potential management plans.
基金This work was supported King Abdulaziz University under grant number IFPHI-033-611-2020.
文摘Today,due to the pandemic of COVID-19 the entire world is facing a serious health crisis.According to the World Health Organization(WHO),people in public places should wear a face mask to control the rapid transmission of COVID-19.The governmental bodies of different countries imposed that wearing a face mask is compulsory in public places.Therefore,it is very difficult to manually monitor people in overcrowded areas.This research focuses on providing a solution to enforce one of the important preventative measures of COVID-19 in public places,by presenting an automated system that automatically localizes masked and unmasked human faces within an image or video of an area which assist in this outbreak of COVID-19.This paper demonstrates a transfer learning approach with the Faster-RCNN model to detect faces that are masked or unmasked.The proposed framework is built by fine-tuning the state-of-the-art deep learning model,Faster-RCNN,and has been validated on a publicly available dataset named Face Mask Dataset(FMD)and achieving the highest average precision(AP)of 81%and highest average Recall(AR)of 84%.This shows the strong robustness and capabilities of the Faster-RCNN model to detect individuals with masked and un-masked faces.Moreover,this work applies to real-time and can be implemented in any public service area.
文摘Throughout the past 2020,the pandemic COVID-19 has caused a big global shock,meanwhile it brought a great impact on the public health network.Trauma emergency system faced a giant challenge and how to manage trauma under the pandemic of COVID-19 was widely discussed.However,the trauma treatment of special population(geriatric patients and patients taking anticoagulant drugs)has received inadequate attention.Due to the high mortality following severe traumatic hemorrhage,hemostasis and traumainduced coagulopathy are the important concerns in trauma treatment.Sepsis is another topic should not be ignored when we talking about trauma.COVID-19 itself is a special kind of sepsis,and it may even be called as serious systemic infection syndrome.Sepsis has been become a serious problem waiting to be solved urgently no matter in the fields of trauma,or in intensive care and infection,etc.This article reviewed the research progress in areas including trauma emergency care,trauma bleeding and coagulation,geriatric trauma and basic research of trauma within 2020.
