Implications of Conscientiousness for Ethical Leadership:The New Role of Organizational Psychology

This paper discusses the main variables related to ethical leadership,and the behaviors exhibited by ethical leaders,along with the particular personality characteristic of conscientiousness.Initially,several definitions of both ethical leadership and conscientiousness are displayed,which shed light on answering the implications of conscientiousness on ethical leadership.Diverse articles are also included to further elucidate the main research question,which is the implications of conscientiousness on ethical leadership.This literature review combines the traditional definitions and reviews of the variables,along with the research findings of the presented articles,their methodology designs and results,to support the beneficial impact of conscientiousness on ethical leaders,and discover its additional effect on employees’mindset,perceptions,and behaviors.

Pandemic prevention and personality psychology: Gender differences in preventive health behaviors during COVID-19 and the roles of agreeableness and conscientiousness

One of the greatest public health crises in recent times,the COVID-19 pandemic,has come with a myriad of challenges in terms of health communication and public cooperation to prevent the spread of the disease.Un-derstanding which are the key determinants that make certain individuals more cooperative is key in effectively tackling pandemics and similar future challenges.In the present study(N=800),we investigated whether gen-der differences in compliance with preventive health behaviors(PHB)at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic could be established,and,if so,whether the personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness could help explain this presumed relationship.Consistent with our theorizing,we found women to score higher than men on agreeableness and conscientiousness,and to be more willing to comply with a set of PHB.Importantly,both per-sonality traits were found to mediate the gender-compliance link.This means that women’s greater compliance levels with PHB could,at least in part,be attributed to their higher agreeableness and conscientiousness scores.A greater understanding of the determinants of PHB in terms of gender and associated personality traits may help identify options for developing more effective communication campaigns,both in terms of communication channel selection and message content.

Personality traits and emotional patterns in irritable bowel syndrome

The review focuses on those personality traits(neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), constructs(alexithymia and distressed- Type D personality) and emotional patterns(negative and positive) that are of particular concern in health psychology, with the aim to highlight their potential role on the pathogenesis, onset, symptom clusters, clinical course, and outcome of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). Personality traits and emotional patterns play key roles in affecting autonomic, immune, inflammatory, and endocrine functions, thus contributing not only to IBS clinical expression and symptomatic burden, but also to disease physiopathology. In this sense, psychological treatments should address those personality traits and emotional features that are constitutive of, and integral to IBS. The biopsychosocial model of illness applied to IBS acknowledges the interaction between biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors in relation to pain and functional disability. A holistic approach to IBS should take into account the heterogeneous nature of the disorder, and differentiate treatments for different types of IBS, also considering the marked individual differences in prevalent personality traits and emotional patterns. Beyond medications, and lifestyle/dietary interventions, psychological and educational treatments may provide the optimal chance of addressing clinical symptoms, comorbid conditions, and quality of life in IBS patients.

Implementing ISO9000 Standard Conscientiously to Win a Share of World Market Steadily

The CMC Bearing Co. Ltd. In Yantai,Shandong Province, is a joint venture invested by China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation with a registered capital of RMB61.50 million. It mainly produces conical ball bearings, about 90 percent of which are exported to the United States, Korea, Austria,Turkey and Brazil. It is the first enterprise of its kind in China to acquire the certificate of ISO9000 standard. During the past few years, the company,guided by the policy of achieving economic results by management, and taking the world market as its target, has made much headway with growing earnings of foreign exchange from its exports. In 1995, it earned US$813,600 and in 1996, the figure rose to US$5.9336 million. In 1997, from January to August, it earned US$6.032 million,scoring a historical high. So far, its conical ball bearings make up 40 percent of the total exported to the United States from China. To implement the ISO9000 standard and guarantee the high quality of products by way of