The formation of continents involves a combination of magmatic and metamorphic processes. These processes become indistinguishable at the crust-mantle interface, where the pressure-temperature（P-T）conditions of（ul...The formation of continents involves a combination of magmatic and metamorphic processes. These processes become indistinguishable at the crust-mantle interface, where the pressure-temperature（P-T）conditions of（ultra） high-temperature granulites and magmatic rocks are similar. Continents grow laterally, by magmatic activity above oceanic subduction zones（high-pressure metamorphic setting）, and vertically by accumulation of mantle-derived magmas at the base of the crust（high-temperature metamorphic setting）. Both events are separated from each other in time; the vertical accretion postdating lateral growth by several tens of millions of years. Fluid inclusion data indicate that during the high-temperature metamorphic episode the granulite lower crust is invaded by large amounts of low H2O-activity fluids including high-density CO2 and concentrated saline solutions（brines）. These fluids are expelled from the lower crust to higher crustal levels at the end of the high-grade metamorphic event. The final amalgamation of supercontinents corresponds to episodes of ultra-high temperature metamorphism involving large-scale accumulation of these low-water activity fluids in the lower crust.This accumulation causes tectonic instability, which together with the heat input from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, leads to the disruption of supercontinents. Thus, the fragmentation of a supercontinent is already programmed at the time of its amalgamation.展开更多
The Hadean history of Earth is shrouded in mystery and it is considered that the planet was born dry with no water or atmosphere.The Earth-Moon system had many features in common during the birth stage.Solidification ...The Hadean history of Earth is shrouded in mystery and it is considered that the planet was born dry with no water or atmosphere.The Earth-Moon system had many features in common during the birth stage.Solidification of the dry magma ocean at 4.53 Ga generated primordial continents with komatiite.We speculate that the upper crust was composed of fractionated gabbros and the middle felsic crust by anorthosite at ca.21 km depth boundary,underlain by meta-anorthosite（grossular ＋ kyanite 4 quartz）down to 50-60 km in depth.The thickness of the mafic KREEP basalt in the lower crust,separating it from the underlying upper mantle is not well-constrained and might have been up to ca.100-200 km depending on the degree of fractionation and gravitational stability versus surrounding mantle density.The primordial continents must have been composed of the final residue of dry magma ocean and enriched in several critical elements including Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,P,K,and Cl which were exposed on the surface of the dry Earth.Around 190 million years after the solidification of the magma ocean, ＂ABEL bombardment＂ delivered volatiles including H_2O,CO_2,N_2 as well as silicate components through the addition of icy asteroids.This event continued for 200 Myr with subordinate bombardments until 3.9 Ga,preparing the Earth for the prebiotic chemical evolution and as the cradle of first life.Due to vigorous convection arising from high mantle potential temperatures,the primordial continents disintegrated and were dragged down to the deep mantle,marking the onset of Hadean plate tectonics.展开更多
WEI Jianguo is a familiar name in Africa. A star in the con- temporary history of Chinese-African relations, Wei＇s experience is notable in many ways. He has worked in the field for 40 years, which marks the longest ...WEI Jianguo is a familiar name in Africa. A star in the con- temporary history of Chinese-African relations, Wei＇s experience is notable in many ways. He has worked in the field for 40 years, which marks the longest tenure among his peers.展开更多
This book delves into an emerging trend in international student mobility specifically focusing on students from across the African continent enrolled in degree programmes at Chinese universities.While China stands ou...This book delves into an emerging trend in international student mobility specifically focusing on students from across the African continent enrolled in degree programmes at Chinese universities.While China stands out as a highly sought-after destination for African students,there has been limited research to date on this growing mobility pattern.展开更多
Panama International Merchandise Mart (PIMM) is to become the first and largest tax-free wholesale center in Latin America.By providing a platform for overseas manufacturers and industrialists to showcase their produc...Panama International Merchandise Mart (PIMM) is to become the first and largest tax-free wholesale center in Latin America.By providing a platform for overseas manufacturers and industrialists to showcase their products and interact directly with buyers in the Americas, the $1 billion PIMM project is based on a vision to revolutionize the way that goods are traded in the Western Hemisphere.展开更多
Eurasian countries unite to seek a way out of the global financial crisis How should the world cope with the raging financial storm? That question topped the agenda of the Seventh Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM), held on Oc...Eurasian countries unite to seek a way out of the global financial crisis How should the world cope with the raging financial storm? That question topped the agenda of the Seventh Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM), held on October 24-25 in Beijing.At the biennial summit, leaders from展开更多
Objective:In the last 10 years,robotic platforms allowed to resume of some alternative surgical approaches,including perineal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(p-RARP).Herein,we present in detail the oncological an...Objective:In the last 10 years,robotic platforms allowed to resume of some alternative surgical approaches,including perineal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(p-RARP).Herein,we present in detail the oncological and functional outcomes of patients who underwent p-RARP with a median follow-up of 30 months.Methods:Patients presenting low-or intermediate-risk prostate cancer and prostate volume up to 60 mL who underwent p-RARP between November 2018 and November 2022 were selected.Baseline,intraoperative,pathological,and postoperative data were collected and then analyzed.Results:Thirty-seven p-RARP cases were included.Such patients presented mean age of 62 years and a mean Charlson comorbidity index of 4.Body mass index of≥25 kg/m^(2)was reported by 24(64.9%)patients,as well as 7(18.9%)patients reported a past surgical history.Mean prostate volume and median prostate-specific antigen were 41 mL and 6.2 ng/mL,respectively.The median operative time was 242 min.The positive surgical margin rate was 45.9%.In terms of postoperative complications,10 patients reported complications with any grade;however,a single case(2.7%)of major(Clavien-Dindo grade≥3)complication was observed.No patient with biochemical recurrence or distant metastasis was reported at 2 years of follow-up.Recovery of continence rates were 67.6%,75.7%,and 92.9%,at 6 months,12 months,and 24 months after surgery,respectively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Robotic surgery is a cutting-edge minimally invasive technique that overcomes many shortcomings of laparoscopic techniques,yet few studies have evaluated the use of robotic surgery to treat Hirschsprung’s ...BACKGROUND Robotic surgery is a cutting-edge minimally invasive technique that overcomes many shortcomings of laparoscopic techniques,yet few studies have evaluated the use of robotic surgery to treat Hirschsprung’s disease(HSCR).AIM To analyze the feasibility and medium-term outcomes of robotic-assisted proctosigmoidectomy(RAPS)with sphincter-and nerve-sparing surgery in HSCR patients.METHODS From July 2015 to January 2022,156 rectosigmoid HSCR patients were enrolled in this multicenter prospective study.Their sphincters and nerves were spared by dissecting the rectum completely from the pelvic cavity outside the longitudinal muscle of the rectum and then performing transanal Soave pull-through procedures.Surgical outcomes and continence function were analyzed.RESULTS No conversions or intraoperative complications occurred.The median age at surgery was 9.50 months,and the length of the removed bowel was 15.50±5.23 cm.The total operation time,console time,and anal traction time were 155.22±16.77,58.01±7.71,and 45.28±8.15 min.There were 25 complications within 30 d and 48 post-30-d complications.For children aged≥4 years,the bowel function score(BFS)was 17.32±2.63,and 90.91%of patients showed moderate-to-good bowel function.The postoperative fecal continence(POFC)score was 10.95±1.04 at 4 years of age,11.48±0.72 at 5 years of age,and 11.94±0.81 at 6 years of age,showing a promising annual trend.There were no significant differences in postoperative complications,BFS,and POFC scores related to age at surgery being≤3 mo or>3 mo.CONCLUSION RAPS is a safe and effective alternative for treating HSCR in children of all ages;it offers the advantage of further minimizing damage to sphincters and perirectal nerves and thus providing better continence function.展开更多
Objective:Radical prostatectomy is the recommended treatment for localized prostate cancer;however,it is an invasive procedure that can leave serious morbidity.Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was introduced with ...Objective:Radical prostatectomy is the recommended treatment for localized prostate cancer;however,it is an invasive procedure that can leave serious morbidity.Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was introduced with the aim of reducing postoperative morbidity and facilitating rapid recovery compared to the traditional Walsh’s open radical retropubic prostatectomy.Therefore,a protocol was developed to perform an open prostatectomy comparable to that performed by robotics,but without involving novel instrumentation.Methods:A total of 220 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy.They were divided into two groups:anterograde technique(115 patients)and the retrograde method(105 patients).The study outcomes were observed 3 months after surgery.Results:No differences were found in terms of surgical time,hospital stay,and suction drainage.However,reduced bleeding was observed in the anterograde technique(p=0.0003),with rapid anastomosis duration(p=0.005).Among the patients,60.9% undergoing the anterograde technique were continent 3 months after surgery compared to 42.9%treated by the retrograde method(p=0.007).Additionally,fewer complications in terms of the number(p=0.007)and severity(p=0.0006)were observed in the anterograde technique.Conclusion:The anterograde method displayed increased efficiency in reducing complications,compared to the retrograde technique.展开更多
Objective:In the evolving era of minimal access surgery,low rectal cancers still pose a challenge to laparoscopic or robotic surgeons.Hence,at our institute we intended to demonstrate the oncological efficacy of inter...Objective:In the evolving era of minimal access surgery,low rectal cancers still pose a challenge to laparoscopic or robotic surgeons.Hence,at our institute we intended to demonstrate the oncological efficacy of intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis in the treatment of distal rectal cancers,performing the abdominal part of the procedure which includes rectal mobilization,laparoscopically.Methods:From February 2017 to March 2021,125 patients who had undergone intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis via the perineal approach at Galaxy Care Laparoscopic Institute,Pune,were included in this study.Transabdominal mobilization of the rectum was performed laparoscopically.All patients had a diversion ileostomy and a pelvic drain.Patients were followed-up for a period of 18 months post-surgery.Data on clinical and oncological outcomes were collected and analysed.The pre-operative and post-operative Wexner incontinence scores were compared.Results:The mean time taken for surgery was 181.57±30.00 min.The mean blood loss was 119.76±42.53 mL.Most patients(103,82.4%)had their tumour at a distance of 1e2 cm from the anal verge.A loco-regional recurrence rate of 12.8%(16/125)was noted in our study.For the post-surgery Wexner score,74.4% of patients(93/125)had a score of 5 or less,depicting that three-quarters of the study population had satisfactory continence.Overall,81.6%of patients were satisfied with the functional results of surgery.Conclusion:Intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis,with a 12.8%recurrence rate,can now be considered an oncological and technically feasible procedure with sphincter salvage and good continence.展开更多
Renewable energy includes all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner, including bioenergy, geothermal energy, hydropower, ocean energy, solar energy, and wind energy. Less than one qua...Renewable energy includes all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner, including bioenergy, geothermal energy, hydropower, ocean energy, solar energy, and wind energy. Less than one quarter of Africa’s renewable power generation potential is utilized. Africa’s natural endowments are enormous, yet the continent experiences high energy shortage. Amongst the classifications of energy sources, renewable and green energy sources are increasingly gaining popularity due to their sustainable nature and environmental concerns. This paper explores the continent’s natural energy sources and identifies pathways to sustainable development. The paper also narrows the renewable and green energy sources obtainable on the continent and presents their contribution to the development of the continent. The awareness level of Africans towards renewable energy is discussed and the challenges of renewable and green energy sources are highlighted. Finally, the roles to be played by the government and private organizations in the development of renewable and green energy sources in Africa are discussed.展开更多
The 36th AU Summit calls for relying on African knowledge to create conditions for the continent’s development African thinking, African knowledge, African solutions and African resources are the key words that the A...The 36th AU Summit calls for relying on African knowledge to create conditions for the continent’s development African thinking, African knowledge, African solutions and African resources are the key words that the African leaders are using in their messaging as they strive to be effective in addressing and creating conducive conditions for the continent to develop and thrive.展开更多
There Are Generational Shifts MARTHE LUCIENNE KAMANO A Guinean government staffer in Conakry Across the vast and diverse landscapes of Africa,a nuanced exploration of the evolving perceptions surrounding relatives unv...There Are Generational Shifts MARTHE LUCIENNE KAMANO A Guinean government staffer in Conakry Across the vast and diverse landscapes of Africa,a nuanced exploration of the evolving perceptions surrounding relatives unveils itself.As the continent navigates the currents of modernity,the younger generation finds themselves in a delicate dance,renegotiating the value placed on extended family ties.展开更多
汤姆·图奇在七年多的时间里,带着他的狗萨凡纳横跨六大洲38个国家。主题语境:环游世界篇幅:305词建议用时:6分钟1Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world on May 21, 2022.Over seven years, ...汤姆·图奇在七年多的时间里,带着他的狗萨凡纳横跨六大洲38个国家。主题语境:环游世界篇幅:305词建议用时:6分钟1Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world on May 21, 2022.Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries—most of it with his dog Savannah.展开更多
The Association of African Central Banks(AACB)hosted a continental seminar in Yaoundé,the capital of Cameroon,on 15-17 May.The meeting provided a forum for African financial experts to examine the causes of clima...The Association of African Central Banks(AACB)hosted a continental seminar in Yaoundé,the capital of Cameroon,on 15-17 May.The meeting provided a forum for African financial experts to examine the causes of climate change and hunger on the continent and develop effective solutions.Focusing on the theme Impact of Climate Change on Food Security and Inflation in Africa:The Role of the Financial Sector in Financing Agriculture and the Green Economy,the seminar also helped to identify the main climate shocks affecting Africa and the new challenges brought by circumstances that pose a serious threat to the continent’s food security.展开更多
Three years after Ethiopia and China established diplomatic ties in 1970,Ethiopian Airlines made its maiden flight to China on 21 February 1973.The Ethiopian national airline was the first African carrier to reach Asi...Three years after Ethiopia and China established diplomatic ties in 1970,Ethiopian Airlines made its maiden flight to China on 21 February 1973.The Ethiopian national airline was the first African carrier to reach Asia and has been connecting China with the African continent for half a century.展开更多
This indispensable introductory guide explores the art of the African continent from its early origins over 150,000 years ago to the contemporary,set in the context of postcolonial debates,the restitution of cultural ...This indispensable introductory guide explores the art of the African continent from its early origins over 150,000 years ago to the contemporary,set in the context of postcolonial debates,the restitution of cultural objects and artifacts,and the challenges of the present.This enormous and complex field of study,once under-appreciated by the Western art world,is now of global importance and an essential subject of education in art history.展开更多
文摘The formation of continents involves a combination of magmatic and metamorphic processes. These processes become indistinguishable at the crust-mantle interface, where the pressure-temperature（P-T）conditions of（ultra） high-temperature granulites and magmatic rocks are similar. Continents grow laterally, by magmatic activity above oceanic subduction zones（high-pressure metamorphic setting）, and vertically by accumulation of mantle-derived magmas at the base of the crust（high-temperature metamorphic setting）. Both events are separated from each other in time; the vertical accretion postdating lateral growth by several tens of millions of years. Fluid inclusion data indicate that during the high-temperature metamorphic episode the granulite lower crust is invaded by large amounts of low H2O-activity fluids including high-density CO2 and concentrated saline solutions（brines）. These fluids are expelled from the lower crust to higher crustal levels at the end of the high-grade metamorphic event. The final amalgamation of supercontinents corresponds to episodes of ultra-high temperature metamorphism involving large-scale accumulation of these low-water activity fluids in the lower crust.This accumulation causes tectonic instability, which together with the heat input from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, leads to the disruption of supercontinents. Thus, the fragmentation of a supercontinent is already programmed at the time of its amalgamation.
基金supported by Foreign Expert Funding from China University of Geosciences Beijing
文摘The Hadean history of Earth is shrouded in mystery and it is considered that the planet was born dry with no water or atmosphere.The Earth-Moon system had many features in common during the birth stage.Solidification of the dry magma ocean at 4.53 Ga generated primordial continents with komatiite.We speculate that the upper crust was composed of fractionated gabbros and the middle felsic crust by anorthosite at ca.21 km depth boundary,underlain by meta-anorthosite（grossular ＋ kyanite 4 quartz）down to 50-60 km in depth.The thickness of the mafic KREEP basalt in the lower crust,separating it from the underlying upper mantle is not well-constrained and might have been up to ca.100-200 km depending on the degree of fractionation and gravitational stability versus surrounding mantle density.The primordial continents must have been composed of the final residue of dry magma ocean and enriched in several critical elements including Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,P,K,and Cl which were exposed on the surface of the dry Earth.Around 190 million years after the solidification of the magma ocean, ＂ABEL bombardment＂ delivered volatiles including H_2O,CO_2,N_2 as well as silicate components through the addition of icy asteroids.This event continued for 200 Myr with subordinate bombardments until 3.9 Ga,preparing the Earth for the prebiotic chemical evolution and as the cradle of first life.Due to vigorous convection arising from high mantle potential temperatures,the primordial continents disintegrated and were dragged down to the deep mantle,marking the onset of Hadean plate tectonics.
文摘WEI Jianguo is a familiar name in Africa. A star in the con- temporary history of Chinese-African relations, Wei＇s experience is notable in many ways. He has worked in the field for 40 years, which marks the longest tenure among his peers.
文摘This book delves into an emerging trend in international student mobility specifically focusing on students from across the African continent enrolled in degree programmes at Chinese universities.While China stands out as a highly sought-after destination for African students,there has been limited research to date on this growing mobility pattern.
文摘Panama International Merchandise Mart (PIMM) is to become the first and largest tax-free wholesale center in Latin America.By providing a platform for overseas manufacturers and industrialists to showcase their products and interact directly with buyers in the Americas, the $1 billion PIMM project is based on a vision to revolutionize the way that goods are traded in the Western Hemisphere.
文摘Eurasian countries unite to seek a way out of the global financial crisis How should the world cope with the raging financial storm? That question topped the agenda of the Seventh Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM), held on October 24-25 in Beijing.At the biennial summit, leaders from
文摘Objective:In the last 10 years,robotic platforms allowed to resume of some alternative surgical approaches,including perineal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(p-RARP).Herein,we present in detail the oncological and functional outcomes of patients who underwent p-RARP with a median follow-up of 30 months.Methods:Patients presenting low-or intermediate-risk prostate cancer and prostate volume up to 60 mL who underwent p-RARP between November 2018 and November 2022 were selected.Baseline,intraoperative,pathological,and postoperative data were collected and then analyzed.Results:Thirty-seven p-RARP cases were included.Such patients presented mean age of 62 years and a mean Charlson comorbidity index of 4.Body mass index of≥25 kg/m^(2)was reported by 24(64.9%)patients,as well as 7(18.9%)patients reported a past surgical history.Mean prostate volume and median prostate-specific antigen were 41 mL and 6.2 ng/mL,respectively.The median operative time was 242 min.The positive surgical margin rate was 45.9%.In terms of postoperative complications,10 patients reported complications with any grade;however,a single case(2.7%)of major(Clavien-Dindo grade≥3)complication was observed.No patient with biochemical recurrence or distant metastasis was reported at 2 years of follow-up.Recovery of continence rates were 67.6%,75.7%,and 92.9%,at 6 months,12 months,and 24 months after surgery,respectively.
基金Supported by the National Health and Family Planning of China,No.201402007the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81873848 and No.82170528.
文摘BACKGROUND Robotic surgery is a cutting-edge minimally invasive technique that overcomes many shortcomings of laparoscopic techniques,yet few studies have evaluated the use of robotic surgery to treat Hirschsprung’s disease(HSCR).AIM To analyze the feasibility and medium-term outcomes of robotic-assisted proctosigmoidectomy(RAPS)with sphincter-and nerve-sparing surgery in HSCR patients.METHODS From July 2015 to January 2022,156 rectosigmoid HSCR patients were enrolled in this multicenter prospective study.Their sphincters and nerves were spared by dissecting the rectum completely from the pelvic cavity outside the longitudinal muscle of the rectum and then performing transanal Soave pull-through procedures.Surgical outcomes and continence function were analyzed.RESULTS No conversions or intraoperative complications occurred.The median age at surgery was 9.50 months,and the length of the removed bowel was 15.50±5.23 cm.The total operation time,console time,and anal traction time were 155.22±16.77,58.01±7.71,and 45.28±8.15 min.There were 25 complications within 30 d and 48 post-30-d complications.For children aged≥4 years,the bowel function score(BFS)was 17.32±2.63,and 90.91%of patients showed moderate-to-good bowel function.The postoperative fecal continence(POFC)score was 10.95±1.04 at 4 years of age,11.48±0.72 at 5 years of age,and 11.94±0.81 at 6 years of age,showing a promising annual trend.There were no significant differences in postoperative complications,BFS,and POFC scores related to age at surgery being≤3 mo or>3 mo.CONCLUSION RAPS is a safe and effective alternative for treating HSCR in children of all ages;it offers the advantage of further minimizing damage to sphincters and perirectal nerves and thus providing better continence function.
文摘Objective:Radical prostatectomy is the recommended treatment for localized prostate cancer;however,it is an invasive procedure that can leave serious morbidity.Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was introduced with the aim of reducing postoperative morbidity and facilitating rapid recovery compared to the traditional Walsh’s open radical retropubic prostatectomy.Therefore,a protocol was developed to perform an open prostatectomy comparable to that performed by robotics,but without involving novel instrumentation.Methods:A total of 220 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy.They were divided into two groups:anterograde technique(115 patients)and the retrograde method(105 patients).The study outcomes were observed 3 months after surgery.Results:No differences were found in terms of surgical time,hospital stay,and suction drainage.However,reduced bleeding was observed in the anterograde technique(p=0.0003),with rapid anastomosis duration(p=0.005).Among the patients,60.9% undergoing the anterograde technique were continent 3 months after surgery compared to 42.9%treated by the retrograde method(p=0.007).Additionally,fewer complications in terms of the number(p=0.007)and severity(p=0.0006)were observed in the anterograde technique.Conclusion:The anterograde method displayed increased efficiency in reducing complications,compared to the retrograde technique.
文摘Objective:In the evolving era of minimal access surgery,low rectal cancers still pose a challenge to laparoscopic or robotic surgeons.Hence,at our institute we intended to demonstrate the oncological efficacy of intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis in the treatment of distal rectal cancers,performing the abdominal part of the procedure which includes rectal mobilization,laparoscopically.Methods:From February 2017 to March 2021,125 patients who had undergone intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis via the perineal approach at Galaxy Care Laparoscopic Institute,Pune,were included in this study.Transabdominal mobilization of the rectum was performed laparoscopically.All patients had a diversion ileostomy and a pelvic drain.Patients were followed-up for a period of 18 months post-surgery.Data on clinical and oncological outcomes were collected and analysed.The pre-operative and post-operative Wexner incontinence scores were compared.Results:The mean time taken for surgery was 181.57±30.00 min.The mean blood loss was 119.76±42.53 mL.Most patients(103,82.4%)had their tumour at a distance of 1e2 cm from the anal verge.A loco-regional recurrence rate of 12.8%(16/125)was noted in our study.For the post-surgery Wexner score,74.4% of patients(93/125)had a score of 5 or less,depicting that three-quarters of the study population had satisfactory continence.Overall,81.6%of patients were satisfied with the functional results of surgery.Conclusion:Intersphincteric resection and coloanal anastomosis,with a 12.8%recurrence rate,can now be considered an oncological and technically feasible procedure with sphincter salvage and good continence.
文摘Renewable energy includes all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner, including bioenergy, geothermal energy, hydropower, ocean energy, solar energy, and wind energy. Less than one quarter of Africa’s renewable power generation potential is utilized. Africa’s natural endowments are enormous, yet the continent experiences high energy shortage. Amongst the classifications of energy sources, renewable and green energy sources are increasingly gaining popularity due to their sustainable nature and environmental concerns. This paper explores the continent’s natural energy sources and identifies pathways to sustainable development. The paper also narrows the renewable and green energy sources obtainable on the continent and presents their contribution to the development of the continent. The awareness level of Africans towards renewable energy is discussed and the challenges of renewable and green energy sources are highlighted. Finally, the roles to be played by the government and private organizations in the development of renewable and green energy sources in Africa are discussed.
文摘The 36th AU Summit calls for relying on African knowledge to create conditions for the continent’s development African thinking, African knowledge, African solutions and African resources are the key words that the African leaders are using in their messaging as they strive to be effective in addressing and creating conducive conditions for the continent to develop and thrive.
文摘There Are Generational Shifts MARTHE LUCIENNE KAMANO A Guinean government staffer in Conakry Across the vast and diverse landscapes of Africa,a nuanced exploration of the evolving perceptions surrounding relatives unveils itself.As the continent navigates the currents of modernity,the younger generation finds themselves in a delicate dance,renegotiating the value placed on extended family ties.
文摘汤姆·图奇在七年多的时间里,带着他的狗萨凡纳横跨六大洲38个国家。主题语境:环游世界篇幅:305词建议用时:6分钟1Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world on May 21, 2022.Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries—most of it with his dog Savannah.
文摘The Association of African Central Banks(AACB)hosted a continental seminar in Yaoundé,the capital of Cameroon,on 15-17 May.The meeting provided a forum for African financial experts to examine the causes of climate change and hunger on the continent and develop effective solutions.Focusing on the theme Impact of Climate Change on Food Security and Inflation in Africa:The Role of the Financial Sector in Financing Agriculture and the Green Economy,the seminar also helped to identify the main climate shocks affecting Africa and the new challenges brought by circumstances that pose a serious threat to the continent’s food security.
文摘Three years after Ethiopia and China established diplomatic ties in 1970,Ethiopian Airlines made its maiden flight to China on 21 February 1973.The Ethiopian national airline was the first African carrier to reach Asia and has been connecting China with the African continent for half a century.
文摘This indispensable introductory guide explores the art of the African continent from its early origins over 150,000 years ago to the contemporary,set in the context of postcolonial debates,the restitution of cultural objects and artifacts,and the challenges of the present.This enormous and complex field of study,once under-appreciated by the Western art world,is now of global importance and an essential subject of education in art history.
