基于CORAS框架的信息安全风险评估方法

介绍了信息安全风险评估的现状、相关准则以及基于CORAS框架的信息安全风险评估方法,并利用层次分析法对可能存在的风险进行量化,最后利用网上电子银行系统的实例,证明了该方法可以很好地适用于信息安全风险评估。

基于图数据的图神经网络分类性能研究

图神经网络采用神经网络来处理图数据,它能有效提取和发掘图结构数据中的特征和模式。为了研究在图数据处理上图神经网络的处理分类性能是否优于传统的机器学习算法以及分类过程的不同之处,文章选择了K近邻算法和图卷积网络,分析这两种算法对图数据cora数据集的提取特征及分类过程和分类结果。分类结果显示:图卷积网络对cora数据的分类准确度可以达到80.24%;K近邻算法对cora数据集的分类精度仅为44.27%,这表明图卷积网络相对于K近邻算法能更高效地对cora数据集的各节点进行分类。从分类过程可以看出,图卷积网络和KNN的分类过程基本类似,但图卷积网络提取了图数据的节点特征,利用节点间的边的信息,而KNN算法没有利用节点间的信息,导致其不能有效实现对cora数据集节点进行分类。

基于模型的信息安全风险评估CORAS方法研究

CORAS是欧盟针对安全要求较高的安全关键系统开发的一个基于模型的信息安全风险评估方法和工具支撑评估平台,本文在介绍CORAS评估方法学框架的基础上,通过一个电子商务平台中采用的安全认证机制应用实例分析,研究了CORAS风险评估方法中建模技术和多种风险分析技术的应用问题。

CORA程序介绍和在腐蚀产物控制措施上的应用

为了便于国内核电厂进行较为深入的腐蚀产物产生、分布和控制措施等研究,对腐蚀产物的产生和物理特性、CORA程序的原理及使用范围、国际上采用CORA程序对核电厂腐蚀产物控制措施的情况、辐射场监测和集体剂量分析等方面的经验进行了研究,并采用CORA程序对AP1000核电厂主要的腐蚀产物控制措施进行了分析。通过研究得出如下的结论和建议:CORA程序适用于当核电厂设计条件发生变化时,对电厂中腐蚀产物的影响进行评估;国外广泛采用CORA程序应用于核电厂辐射场测量和腐蚀产物控制措施研究中;CORA程序计算可说明AP1000核电厂中采用的主要控制腐蚀产物的措施,如控制蒸汽发生器传热管钴含量、提高向反应堆冷却剂中注入的Li OH浓度等措施对于控制腐蚀产物是有效的;建议国内核电厂广泛应用CORA程序以研究电厂中辐射场的变化及腐蚀产物的控制措施。

复杂环境下基于价格时间自动机飞机着陆调度

目前航空运输系统飞机着陆调度环节普遍存在调度策略单一、效率低、附加成本较高等不足,提出了以价格时间自动机作为基础模型架构的飞机着陆调度设计,在满足着陆时间窗、最小尾流间隔等约束条件下优化额外成本消耗,并考虑复杂气候地理环境,构建出飞机着陆过程中各交互实体的价格时间自动机模型,采用UPPAAL CORA中的分支界定算法求解飞机着陆调度最优成本的可达性。仿真实验结果表明:此研究方法可应用于复杂环境下、大吞吐量的飞机着陆调度,能够显著降低着陆消耗,提升跑道容量,具有安全性、智能性与经济性。

图神经网络与传统机器学习算法的对比研究

为说明图神经网络与传统的机器学习算法在处理图数据的不同,选择K近邻算法和图卷积网络,分析其对cora数据集的分类过程和结果。结果发现,图卷积网络对cora数据分类准确度可达80.24%,表明图卷积网络能较高有效地对cora数据集的各节点进行分类;K近邻算法对cora数据集的分类精度仅为44.27%,表明K近邻算法不能有效实现对cora数据集的各节点进行分类。而从分类过程可以看出,由于K近邻算法没有利用节点与节点间的边的信息,导致其不能有效实现对cora数据集节点的分类。

A Global Ocean Reanalysis Product in the China Ocean Reanalysis(CORA) Project

The first version of a global ocean reanalysis over multiple decades （1979-2008） has been completed by the National Marine Data and Information Service within the China Ocean Reanalysis （CORA） project. The global ocean model employed is based upon the ocean general circulation model of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. A sequential data assimilation scheme within the framework of 3D variational （3DVar） analysis, called multi-grid 3DVar, is implemented in 3D space for retrieving multiple-scale observational information. Assimilated oceanic observations include sea level anomalies （SLAs） from multi-altimeters, sea surface temperatures （SSTs） from remote sensing satellites, and in-situ temperature/salinity profiles. Evaluation showed that compared to the model simulation, the annual mean heat content of the global reanalysis is significantly approaching that of World Ocean Atlas 2009 （WOA09） data. The quality of the global temperature climatology was found to be comparable with the product of Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA）, and the major ENSO events were reconstructed. The global and Atlantic meridional overturning circulations showed some similarity as SODA, although significant differences were found to exist. The analysis of temperature and salinity in the current version has relatively larger errors at high latitudes and improvements are ongoing in an updated version. CORA was found to provide a simulation of the subsurface current in the equatorial Pacific with a correlation coefficient beyond about 0.6 compared with the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean （TAO） mooring data. The mean difference of SLAs between altimetry data and CORA was less than 0.1 m in most years.

A New Version of Regional Ocean Reanalysis for Coastal Waters of China and Adjacent Seas

A new regional ocean reanalysis over multiple decades （1958 2008） for the coastal waters of China and adjacent seas has been completed by the National Marine Data and Information Service （NMD[S） under the CORA （China Ocean ReAnalysis） project. Evaluations were performed on three aspects： （1） the improvement of general reanalysis quality; （2） eddy structures; and （3） decadal variability of sea surface height anomalies （SSHAs）. Results showed that the quality of the new reanalysis has been enhanced beyond ~40% （39% for temperature, 44% for salinity） in terms of the reduction of root mean squared errors （RMSEs） for which the reanalysis values were compared to observed values in the observational space. Compared to the trial version released to public in 2009, the new reanalysis is able to reproduce more detailed eddy structures as seen in satellite and in situ observations. EOF analysis of the reanalysis SSHAs showed that the new reanalysis reconstructs the leading modes of SSHAs much better than the old version. These evaluations suggest that the new CORA regional reanalysis represents a much more useful dataset for the community of the coastal waters of China and adjacent seas.

Evaluation of the China Ocean Reanalysis (CORA) in the South China Sea

The daily regional reanalysis product of the China Ocean Reanalysis(CORA)product was released in website in 2018.Using in situ observational data including Argo profiling floats,drifters,and cruise data,the performance of CORA in the South China Sea in terms of temperature,salinity,current and mixed layer depths is evaluated based on timescale(seasonal and interannual)and spatial distribution characteristics.The CORA temperature,salinity,and mixed layer depth show certain seasonal and interannual variations.In 50-400 m depth in the SCS,the CORA temperature is colder in winter and warmer in summer and autumn.In 0-150 m in the SCS,the CORA salinity is higher in most time of the year.However,in the second half of the year,the salinity is slightly weaker in 100-150 m depth.In most years,the CORA mixed layer depths tend to be shallower,and in season,shallower in winter and deeper in summer.In spatial distribution,the closer the area is to the coast,the greater the CORA errors would be.The CORA temperature is colder in the western side and warmer in the eastern side,resulting in a weaker SCS western boundary current(SCSwbc).In most areas,the CORA mixed layer depths are shallower.In the area close to the coast,the CORA mixed layer depths change rapidly,and the deviations in the mixed layer depths are larger.In the central SCS,the CORA mixed layer depths change slowly,and the deviations in the mixed layer depths are also small.

Assessment of intraseasonal variabilities in China Ocean Reanalysis(CORA)

A regional reanalysis product-China Ocean Reanalysis（CORA）-has been developed for the China＇s seas and the adjacent areas. In this study, the intraseasonal variabilities（ISVs） in CORA are assessed by comparing with observations and two other reanalysis products（ECCO2 and SODA）. CORA shows a better performance in capturing the intraseasonal sea surface temperatures（SSTs） and the intraseasonal sea surface heights（SSHs） than ECCO2 and SODA do, probably due to its high resolution, stronger response to the intraseasonal forcing in the atmosphere（especially the Madden-Julian Oscillation）, and more available regional data for assimilation. But at the subsurface, the ISVs in CORA are likely to be weaker than reality, which is probably attributed to rare observational data for assimilation and weak diapycnal eddy diffusivity in the CORA model. According to the comparison results, CORA is a good choice for the study related to variabilities at the surface, but cares have to be taken for the study focusing on the subsurface processes.

China Ocean ReAnalysis(CORA)version 1.0 products and validation for 2009-18

China Ocean ReAnalysis(CORA) version 1.0 products for the period 2009-18 have been developed and validated.The model configuration and assimilation algorithm have both been updated compared to those of the 51-year(1958-2008) products.The assimilated observations include temperature and salinity field data,satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature,and merged sea surface height(SSH) anomaly data.The validation includes the following three aspects:(1) Temperature,salinity,and SSH anomaly root-mean-square errors(RMSEs) are computed as a primary evaluation of the reanalysis quality.The 0-2000 m domain-averaged RMSEs of temperature and salinity are 0.61℃ and 0.08 psu,respectively.The SSH anomaly RMSE is less than 0.2 m in most regions.(2) The 35°N temperature section is used to evaluate the ability to reproduce the thermocline,mixing layer,and Yellow Sea cold water mass.In summer,the thermocline is reinforced,with the gradient changing from 3℃ in May to 10℃ in August.The mixing-layer depth reproduced by CORA is consistent with that computed from the observed climatology.The Yellow Sea cold water mass forms at a depth of 50 m.(3) The reanalysis current is examined against the tracks of some drifting buoys.The results show that the reanalysis current can capture the mesoscale eddies near the Kuroshio,which are similar to those described by the drifting buoys.Overall,the 2009-18 CORA reanalysis products are capable of reproducing major oceanic phenomena and processes in the coastal waters of China and adjacent seas.

基于GCN的节点分类研究

图数据作为一种非欧几里得数据,因为其数据不具有平移不变性,从而导致常规的神经网络无法很好的对图数据进行特征抽取。但是在最近几年里,深度学习的发展越来越快,非欧几里得的数据也和深度学习组合在了一起,并加入了卷积的技术,形成了图卷积神经网络(Graph Convolutionnal Network),简称GCN。为了更好的从图数据中抽取特征,并准确的对图中没有标签的节点进行预测分类,利用了GCN对Cora数据集进行数据特征信息的抽取,再对提取到的信息进行整合分类,通过对代码当中的学习率、衰减权重和训练次数进行修改调试,最终使准确率从80.5%上升到81.3%。

Fedora Cora中妙用APT

目前多数Linux发行版本都是基于Red Hat的RPM软件包的，如Conectiva、Fedora Core、Mandrake、Red Hat、SuSE和Yellow Dog等发行版本。这些版本大多可以使用图形化的RPM包管理程序来安装、升级和卸载RPM程序包，如Fedora Core的添加删除程序。但RPM软件包有一个致命弱点，那就是令人头痛的依赖关系。这个问题Debian的软件包管理工具APT就处理得很好，它可以方便地管理程序包。

信息安全风险评估方法综述

对主要的信息安全风险评估方法进行了综述性讨论,指出了以ALE-based为代表的定量方法没能推广的原因,介绍了当前世界上通用的风险评估方法及存在的问题,并指出风险评估方法的发展趋势。

压水堆活化腐蚀产物源项^(58)Co和^(60)Co敏感性研究

以某压水堆核电厂为例,采用CORA程序分析压水堆核电厂一回路材料组成、蒸汽发生器传热管材料钴含量、冷却剂氢氧化锂浓度、净化效率和反应堆运行功率等因素变化对一回路腐蚀产物58Co和60Co活度浓度的影响。计算结果表明:通过限制蒸汽发生器传热管材料中钴元素的含量、提高冷却剂中氢氧化锂浓度、提高冷却剂净化效率和降低功率等措施可以有效降低活化腐蚀产物的活度浓度,为压水堆核电厂辐射剂量控制提供参考。

多重PCR法检测食品中的榛子致敏原

建立一种多重PCR法同时检测榛子磷酸葡糖异构酶、榛子致敏蛋白Cor a 1和Cor a 8三种蛋白的方法。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和凝胶成像系统对多重PCR的扩增结果进行分析。结果表明此方法具有良好的特异性,检出限可达10 ng/μL,且反应体系各组分未出现交叉干扰。经测序结果证实,三种扩增产物的序列与目的基因的序列高度一致,而且此方法的实样检测结果也比较理想,适合于检测食品中的榛子成分及榛子的主要致敏原。

柠条、沙柳、沙棘、紫穗槐茎秆中酸性和中性洗涤不溶蛋白的测定及比较

本文主要通过对榆林随机采集的柠条、沙棘、沙柳、紫穗槐中中性洗涤不溶蛋白和酸性洗涤不溶蛋白的测定及分析比较,结合原料粗蛋白质及粗纤维的含量,为陕北白绒山羊的饲喂提供参考依据。

信息技术安全风险评估框架与模型综合分析研究

本文借鉴信息技术安全风险相关理论研究成果,认为CORAS框架有优于其他风险评估框架与模型的诸多方面,应用范围广泛,不论是大型组织还是中小型组织,评估效率更高,结果相对更准确,其集成性和可扩展功能,使其比传统评估方法更具发展空间,但是要将其更好地应用于财政管理信息系统的风险评估,还要结合诸多方面进行优化研究。

镁离子转运蛋白CorA间质结构域删除分析

为了研究CorA的镁离子转运机理,对大肠杆菌CorA的间质结构域区进行了删除突变分析,并利用酵母突变体互补技术进行了突变体活性测定。以酿酒酵母质膜镁离子转运系统敲除突变体菌株CM66及其基因型对照菌株CM52为宿主菌,建立了大肠杆菌CorA转运活性测定体系。结果显示:大肠杆菌CorA间质结构域N-端起始的24个残基对于CorA在酵母质膜中的表达或维持其本身正确构象发挥重要作用,CorA M124到D154段的部分残基在CorA介导的镁离子转运过程中起到重要作用。

Species in lichen-forming fungi:balancing between conceptual and practical considerations,and between phenotype and phylogenomics

Lichens are symbiotic associations resulting from interactions among fungi(primary and secondary mycobionts),algae and/or cyanobacteria(primary and secondary photobionts),and specific elements of the bacterial microbiome associated with the lichen thallus.The question of what is a species,both concerning the lichen as a whole and its main fungal component,the primary mycobiont,has faced many challenges throughout history and has reached new dimensions with the advent of molecular phylogenetics and phylogenomics.In this paper,we briefly revise the definition of lichens and the scientific and vernacular naming conventions,concluding that the scientific,Latinized name usually associated with lichens invariably refers to the primary mycobiont,whereas the vernacular name encompasses the entire lichen.Although the same lichen mycobiont may produce different phenotypes when associating with different photobionts or growing in axenic culture,this discrete variation does not warrant the application of different scientific names,but must follow the principle"one fungus=one name".Instead,broadly agreed informal designations should be used for such discrete morphologies,such as chloromorph and cyanomorph for lichens formed by the same mycobiont but with either green algae or cyanobacteria.The taxonomic recognition of species in lichen-forming fungi is not different from other fungi and conceptual and nomenclatural approaches follow the same principles.We identify a number of current challenges and provide recommendations to address these.Species delimitation in lichen-forming fungi should not be tailored to particular species concepts but instead be derived from empirical evidence,applying one or several of the following principles in what we call the LPR approach:lineage(L)coherence vs.divergence(phylogenetic component),phenotype(P)coherence vs.divergence(morphological component),and/or reproductive(R)compatibility vs.isolation(biological component).Species hypotheses can be established based on either L or P,then using either P or L(plus R)to corroborate them.The reliability of species hypotheses depends not only on the nature and number of characters but also on the context:the closer the relationship and/or similarity between species,the higher the number of characters and/or specimens that should be analyzed to provide reliable delimitations.Alpha taxonomy should follow scientific evidence and an evolutionary framework but should also offer alternative practical solutions,as long as these are scientifically defendable.Taxa that are delimited phylogenetically but not readily identifiable in the field,or are genuinely cryptic,should not be rejected due to the inaccessibility of proper tools.Instead,they can be provisionally treated as undifferentiated complexes for purposes that do not require precise determinations.The application of infraspecific(gamma)taxonomy should be restricted to cases where there is a biological rationale,i.e.,lineages of a species complex that show limited phylogenetic divergence but no evidence of reproductive isolation.Gamma taxonomy should not be used to denote discrete phenotypical variation or ecotypes not warranting the distinction at species level.We revise the species pair concept in lichen-forming fungi,which recognizes sexually and asexually reproducing morphs with the same underlying phenotype as different species.We conclude that in most cases this concept does not hold,but the actual situation is complex and not necessarily correlated with reproductive strategy.In cases where no molecular data are available or where single or multi-marker approaches do not provide resolution,we recommend maintaining species pairs until molecular or phylogenomic data are available.This recommendation is based on the example of the species pair Usnea aurantiacoatra vs.U.antarctica,which can only be resolved with phylogenomic approaches,such as microsatellites or RADseq.Overall,we consider that species delimitation in lichen-forming fungi has advanced dramatically over the past three decades,resulting in a solid framework,but that empirical evidence is still missing for many taxa.Therefore,while phylogenomic approaches focusing on particular examples will be increasingly employed to resolve difficult species complexes,broad screening using single barcoding markers will aid in placing as many taxa as possible into a molecular matrix.We provide a practical pro-tocol how to assess and formally treat taxonomic novelties.While this paper focuses on lichen fungi,many of the aspects discussed herein apply generally to fungal taxonomy.The new combination Arthonia minor(Lücking)Lücking comb.et stat.nov.(Bas.:Arthonia cyanea f.minor Lücking)is proposed.