Pseudo-Random Sequences Generator Based on Discrete Hyperchaotic Systems

We first design a discrete hyperchaotic system via piece-wise linear state feedback. The states of the closed loop system are locally expanding in two directions but absolutely bounded on the whole, which implies hyperchaos. Then, we use three suchlike hyperchaotic systems with different feedback gain matrices to design a pseudo-random sequence generator (PRSG). Through a threshold function, three sub-sequences generated from the output of piecewise linear functions are changed into 0-1 sequences. Then, followed by XOR operation, an unpredictable pseudo-random sequence (PRS) is ultimately obtained. The analysis and simulation results indicate that the PRS, generated with hyperchaotic systems, has desirable statistical features.

HIERACHICAL STRUCTURES FOR GENERATING PSEUDO-RANDOM SEQUENCES AND ARRAYS

This paper proposes new hierarchical structures for generating pseudorandom sequences and arrays. The principle of the structures is based on a new concept-multi-interleaving. It is the generalization of normal sequence decimation(sampling). The kernal of the structures is a lower speed linear feedback shift register together with several high speed time-division multiplexers arranged hierarchically. These new structures have much higher speed compared with that of other schemes proposed before.

Adding Pseudo-Random Test Sequence Generator in the Test Simulator for DFT Approach

This paper presents modified version of a realistic test tool suitable to Design For Testability （DFT） and Built-ln Self Test （BIST） environments. A comprehensive tool is developed in the form of a test simulator. The simulator is capable of providing a required goal of test for the Circuit Under Test （CUT）. The simulator uses the approach of fault diagnostics with fault grading procedures to provide the optimum tests. The current version of the simulator embeds features of exhaustive and pseudo-random test generation schemes along with the search solutions of cost effective test goals. The simulator provides facilities of realizing all possible pseudo-random sequence generators with all possible combinations of seeds. The tool is developed on a common Personal Computer （PC） platform and hence no special software is required. Thereby, it is a low cost tool hence economical. The tool is very much suitable for determining realistic test sequences for a targeted goal of testing for any CUT. The developed tool incorporates flexible Graphical User Interface （GUI） procedures and can be operated without any special programming skill. The tool is debugged and tested with the results of many bench mark circuits. Further, this developed tool can be utilized for educational purposes for many courses such as fault-tolerant computing, fault diagnosis, digital electronics, and safe-reliable-testable digital logic designs.

PERFECT PUNCTURED BINARY SEQUENCE PAIRS

This paper presents the definition of perfect punctured binary sequence pair and the combinatorial admissible conditions for searching the perfect punctured binary sequence pairs and proves that all of the pseudo-random binary sequences satisfy these conditions. Computer calculation verifies that the pseudo-random binary sequences with length up to N=127 can be easily turned into perfect punctured binary sequence pairs.

Variant Map System to Simulate Complex Properties of DNA Interactions Using Binary Sequences

Stream cipher, DNA cryptography and DNA analysis are the most important R&D fields in both Cryptography and Bioinformatics. HC-256 is an emerged scheme as the new generation of stream ciphers for advanced network security. From a random sequencing viewpoint, both sequences of HC-256 and real DNA data may have intrinsic pseudo-random properties respectively. In a recent decade, many DNA sequencing projects are developed on cells, plants and animals over the world into huge DNA databases. Researchers notice that mammalian genomes encode thousands of large noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), interact with chromatin regulatory complexes, and are thought to play a role in localizing these complexes to target loci across the genome. It is a challenge target using higher dimensional visualization tools to organize various complex interactive properties as visual maps. The Variant Map System (VMS) as an emerging scheme is systematically proposed in this paper to apply multiple maps that used four Meta symbols as same as DNA or RNA representations. System architecture of key components and core mechanism on the VMS are described. Key modules, equations and their I/O parameters are discussed. Applying the VM System, two sets of real DNA sequences from both sample human (noncoding DNA) and corn (coding DNA) genomes are collected in comparison with pseudo DNA sequences generated by HC-256 to show their intrinsic properties in higher levels of similar relationships among relevant DNA sequences on 2D maps. Sample 2D maps are listed and their characteristics are illustrated under controllable environment. Visual results are briefly analyzed to explore their intrinsic properties on selected genome sequences.

Autocorrelation of Sequences Generated by Single Cycle T-Functions

Cryptographic properties of the single cycle T-function's output sequences are investigated.Bounds of autocorrelation functions of the kth coordinate sequence and bounds of state output sequence are calculated respectively.The Maximum Sidelobe Ratio(MSR) of the kth coordinate sequence and the MSR of state output sequence are given respectively.The bounds of autocorrelation functions show that the values of autocorrelation functions are large when shifts are small.Comparisons of the autocorrelations between the state output sequence and coordinate output sequence are illustrated.The autocorrelation properties demonstrate that T-functions have cryptographic weaknesses and the illustration result shows coordinate output sequences have better autocorrelation than that of state output sequences.

Binary Sequences from a Pair of Elliptic Curves

A family of binary sequences were constructed by using an elliptic curve and its twisted curves over finite fields. It was shown that these sequences possess ＂good＂ cryptographie properties of 0-1 distribution, long period and large linear complexity. The results indicate that such se quences provide strong potential applications in cryptography.

Multi-Value Sequence Generated over Sub Extension Field and Its Properties

Pseudo-random sequences with long period, low correlation, high linear complexity, and uniform distribution of bit patterns are widely used in the field of information security and cryptography. This paper proposes an approach for generating a pseudo-random multi-value sequence (including a binary sequence) by utilizing a primitive polynomial, trace function, and k-th power residue symbol over the sub extension field. All our previous sequences are defined over the prime field, whereas, proposed sequence in this paper is defined over the sub extension field. Thus, it’s a new and innovative perception to consider the sub extension field during the sequence generation procedure. By considering the sub extension field, two notable outcomes are: proposed sequence holds higher linear complexity and more uniform distribution of bit patterns compared to our previous work which defined over the prime field. Additionally, other important properties of the proposed multi-value sequence such as period, autocorrelation, and cross-correlation are theoretically shown along with some experimental results.

Blind reconnaissance of the pseudo-random sequence in DS/SS signal with negative SNR

This paper introduces a new theory and algorithm that can be used in blind detection of the carrier wave signal and the pseudo-random sequence of the direct sequence spread spectrum （DS/SS） signal with negative SNR. First, without any a priori knowledge of the DS/SS signal, the carrier wave signal can be detected from DS/SS signal with negative SNR by using stochastic differential equations and energy detection method. Based on this, the pseudo-random sequence can also be blindly detected in DS/SS signal with negative SNR by reducing noise of the nonlinear signal and the algorithm of wavelet multiscale decomposition algorithm. Finally, the computer simulation shows that we can detect the carrier wave signal with SNR=-27 dB and the pseudo-random sequence under error code ratio 10^-4with SNR =-10 dB.

Pseudo-randomness of the fourth class of GSS sequences

This paper discusses pseudo-randomness of a periodic sequence, named the fourth class of GSS sequence. We get the following results: ① Its least period always reaches the maximum (that is, 2n-1). ② Its least period and linear complexity keep robust under single-symbol-substitution. ③ It has good low-degree-auto-correlation feature. ④ It has good short-length-run-distribution.

Pseudo-random sequence generator based on the generalized Henon map

By analysis and comparison of several chaotic systems that are applied to generate pseudo-random sequence, the generalized Henon map is proposed as a pseudo-random sequence generator. A new algorithm is created to solve the problem of non-uniform distribution of the sequence generated by the generalized Henon map. First, move the decimal point of elements in the sequence to the fight; then, cut off the integer; and finally, quantify it into a binary sequence. Statistical test, security analysis, and the application of image encryption have strongly supported the good random statistical characteristics, high linear complexity, large key space, and great sensitivity of the binary sequence.

Chaotic block iterating method for pseudo-random sequence generator

A pseudo-random sequence generator is a basic tool for cryptography. To realize a pseudo-random sequence generator, a new block iterating method using shifter, multiplier, and adder operations has been introduced. By increasing the iteration of the counter and by performing calculations based on the initial value, an approximate pseudo-random sequence was obtained after exchanging bits. The algorithm and the complexity of the generator were introduced. The result obtained from the calculation shows that the self-correlation of the ＂m＂ block sequence is two-valued; the block field value is [0, 2^m - 1 ], and the block period is 2^m＋8 - 1.

内蒙古岱海中细菌多样性分析

采用培养方法和宏基因组测序技术分析内蒙古岱海湖水及沉积物中的细菌多样性。培养方法所分离细菌分属4门,6纲,18目,25科,47属,77种,其中,潜在新菌种20种,优势门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)。培养过程中发现0.22μm滤膜过滤处理能滤除大部分常见的细菌,提高新种检出效率。宏基因组测序共分析到细菌83个门,优势门为变形菌门和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。门水平还识别出一个未归类的细菌门和50个候选菌门,其中,33个为候选门级辐射类群(candidate phyla radiation,CPR)类群。结果表明,岱海中细菌具有较高的丰度和多样性,同时还存在丰富的CPR类群菌株。研究结果为下一步岱海微生物资源挖掘以及生态功能研究奠定基础。

Pseudo-Randomness of Certain Sequences of k Symbols with Length pq

The theory of finite pseudo-random binary sequences was built by C. Mauduit and A. Sarkozy and later extended to sequences of k symbols （or k-ary sequences）. Certain constructions of pseudo-random sequences of k symbols were presented over finite fields in the literature. In this paper, two families of sequences of k symbols are constructed by using the integers modulo pq for distinct odd primes p and q. The upper bounds on the well-distribution measure and the correlation measure of the families sequences are presented in terms of certain character sums over modulo pq residue class rings. And low bounds on the linear complexity profile are also estimated.

10 Gbit/s PRBS tester implemented in FPGA

The design of an FPGA（ field programmable gate array） based programmable SONET （synchronous optical network） OC-192 10 Gbit/s PRBS （pseudo-random binary sequence） generator and a bit interleaved polarity 8 （BIP-8） error detector is presented. Implemented in a parallel feedback configuration, this tester features PRBS generation of sequences with bit lengths of 2^7 - 1,2^10- 1,2^15 - 1,2^23 - land 2^31 - 1 for up to 10 Gbit/s applications with a 10 Gbit/s optical transceiver, via the SFI-4 （OC-192 serdes-framer interface）. In the OC-192 frame alignment circuit, a dichotomy search algorithm logic which performs the functions of word alignment and STM-64/OC192 de-frame speeds up the frame sync logic and reduces circuit complexity greatly. The system can be used as a low cost tester to evaluate the performance of OC-192 devices and components, taking the replacement of precious commercial PRBS testers.

基于DSP的嵌入式语音保密通信模块

信息社会的正常运行取决于信息的安全机制 ,保证信息安全需要完善的保密技术。在众多的信息保密传输业务中 ,语音信息的传输应用最广泛 ,且在国家安全、国防、经济活动中扮演着极重要的角色。语音保密通信除必须具有普通数据安全通信的抗破译性能外 ,在实时性、经济性和抗误码性等方面的要求更高。本文提出了一种利用基于 DSP平台的嵌入式模块来实现语音保密通讯的新思路。即采用 TI公司的 TMS32 0 VC5 4 x系列 DSP芯片 ,实现了先进的混沌保密算法及语音信息的实时解压缩处理。该模块设计还有标准异步串行接口 ,可嵌入到现有的各类语音通信设备 ,应用中具有良好的可靠性和实用性。

Some Notes on Generalized Cyclotomic Sequences of Length pq

We review the constructions of two main kinds of generalized cyclotomic binary sequences with length pq （the product with two distinct primes）. One is the White-generalized cyclotomic sequences, the other is the Ding-Helleseth（DH, for short）-generalized cyclotomic sequences. We present some new pseudo-random properties of DH-generalized cyclotomic sequences using the theory of character sums instead of the theory of cyclotomy, which is a conventional method for investigating generalized cyclotomic sequences.

Autocorrelation of two Legendre-Sidelnikov sequences

Sequences with nice pseudo-randomness play an important role in not only communication system but also cryptography system. Based on the Legendre-Sidelnikov sequence, a modified Legendre-Sidelnikov sequence was introduced. The exact value of the autocorrelation function was derived by strict computation. According to the values of the autocorrelation functions of the two Legendre-Sidelnikov sequences, it is proven that both of them have perfect pseudo-randomness. Furthermore, a detailed comparison between autocorrelation functions of the two Legendre-Sidelnikov sequences was deduced. It indicates that no matter which parameters are chosen, the modified sequence has pseudo-randomness as good as the primitive sequence, which is of great significance for applications.

呼和浩特市周边地下水CPR和DPANN类群的检测及多样性分析

【背景】候选门级辐射类群(candidate phyla radiation,CPR)和DPANN是与绝大多数已知细菌和古菌具有显著差异的独特类群,因发现较晚,人们对其认识还非常有限。已知二者类群庞大、存在广泛,但在不同生境中的多样性研究还较少,生态功能尚属未知。【目的】分析不同地下水中CPR和DPANN的多样性,探讨不同方法对CPR和DPANN检出及富集的影响。【方法】采用0.1μm滤膜收集菌体和宏基因组测序的方法分析呼和浩特市周边4个不同地下水中CPR和DPANN的多样性。比较宏基因组测序与16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对CPR和DPANN检出的影响,以及不同过滤方式和不同滤膜组合对CPR和DPANN富集的作用。【结果】4个地下水样品CPR类群检出33−64个菌门,相对丰度在0.17%−1.67%之间;DPANN检出1−7个菌门,相对丰度在0.00093%−0.07100%之间。对于CPR和DPANN,16S rRNA基因V3−V4区扩增子测序仅检出了纳古菌门(Nanoarchaeota)。1.2μm与0.1μm滤膜组合具有最好的CPR和DPANN富集效果,在及时更换滤膜的过滤方式下相对丰度分别提高到13.33%和0.58%。【结论】地下水中存在种类丰富但相对丰度较低的CPR和DPANN物种资源,且不同地下水中的CPR和DPANN存在一定的差异。16S rRNA基因V3−V4区扩增子测序会遗漏地下水中CPR和DPANN物种信息。在及时更换滤膜的过滤方式下采用不同孔径滤膜组合过滤会显著提高CPR和DPANN的相对丰度,达到富集效果。本研究为后续CPR和DPANN物种资源、基因资源和天然产物资源的挖掘,以及该类菌株的可培养工作奠定了基础。

Design for Vibrator Field Experiment Based-on Vibrator-earth System

Source-generated energy in seismic vibrator records high frequency harmonic behavior. Conventional vibrator-earth coupling model was set up on the linear system. Some assumptions in the application of linear theory to the vibrator problem play an insignificant role in the overall coupling structure. Obviously, non-linear behaviors can be modeled using a “hard-spring” form of the Duffing equation. Model dedicates that a qualitatively similar harmonic component is present for a broad range of possible mathematical descriptions. After some qualitative analysis about the non-linear system, some conclusion can be drawn. Firstly, The design of the vibrator weight should be abided by two points as followed: In order to avoid decoupling for the vibrator to the earth, the weight should be greater than the peak of the driving force amplitude as to keep the resultant force pointing to the earth’s core. On the other hand, for the limited energy output, the vibrator overweight may damage the system high-frequency ability.Secondly, as the driving force frequency approaching to the ground hard-spring inherent frequency, the energy transmission was found to climb its peak from the system energy absorbed curve. At last, due to the non-linear coupling model system, its load curve would come into unstable frequency range, which might limit the application of the Vibroseis conventional sweeping pattern-linear sweep. A new sweeping pattern was listed: the driving signal was the pseudo-random sequence modulated by a fixed frequency cosine signal satisfying with the exploration precision and absorbing efficiency. The synthesized signal was ready to be realized by the electromagnetic driven system. Even the side-lobes noise of its auto-correlation function was restrained well. The theory coming from the Vibrator-earth coupling model was applied to the design of the Portable High-frequency Vibrator System (PHVS), and the good result was obtained. By the analysis of the vibrator base plate signal, the model was proved to be true. The exploration research on PHVS made a first step on its following optimal design.